Archaeological report on male and female tombs in Yin ruins
Archaeologists once found a Shi Niu in the tomb of a good woman at the Yinxu site in Anyang, Henan Province. It was because of the excavation of Shi Niu that they cracked the secret of a modern professional title. What the hell is going on? How can modern professional titles be related to funerary objects? If you want to know, let me reveal the secret for you: (The pictures in this article are all from the Internet, thanks to the original author. If your rights are infringed, please contact the author of this issue to delete it. 1928, in a village in Anyang City, Henan Province, archaeologists came across an ancient relic buried underground for thousands of years. After careful investigation, experts determined the age of the site as Shang Dynasty, so they named it "Yin Ruins of Shang Dynasty". In a blink of an eye, 1976, while excavating the ruins of Yin Ruins, archaeologists discovered another tomb of members of Shang royal family in the southwest of the base site of Group C in the ancestral hall area of Yin Ruins Palace. The tomb is 5.6 meters long from north to south, 4 meters wide from east to west and 7.5 meters deep. There is a great hall called "Mother Believers" by Oracle Bone Inscriptions on the tomb. Experts judge that the owner of the tomb should be the queen and wife of Wu Ding, the Shang king. Muhao tomb is small in area, but its specifications are quite high. There are 1928 items buried in the tomb, including bronzes, jade articles and precious stones. Among many cultural relics, one Shi Niu is particularly eye-catching. Shi Niu is14cm high and 25cm wide, carved with white marble. The whole cow is kneeling, with its head stretched forward, its head held high, its horns tilted back, its ears low, its ears with holes, and its nose showing its teeth. In addition, Shi Niu's mandible is also engraved with the word "four new". According to the normal regulations, Fu Hao, as a generation of queens, is respected, but her tomb specifications can't be so high. What kind of woman is she? Actually, I don't know, but once I said it, I was shocked. I am not the gentle and virtuous woman we remember. She is a real heroine. Fu Hao has a high military accomplishment and is good at leading troops to fight. Under her leadership, the army of Shang Dynasty defeated more than 20 small countries, such as northern Turkey, southern foreign countries, southern Pakistan and Guifang, and made great contributions to the territorial expansion of Shang Dynasty. At this time, a problem arises. What does the inscription "Four Hearts" at the bottom of Shi Niu unearthed from Fu Hao's tomb mean? In order to solve the mystery of the word "Si Xin", archaeologists consulted Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which wrote: "Si is the mainstay", which means that "Si" means the master. What is a "heart"? "Xin" is actually the temple name of Fu Hao after his death. Together, the two words are "the master is a good wife", so it can be seen that this Shi Niu was deliberately buried with his wife by Wu Ding of Shang Dynasty. At this time, a problem followed. Why did King Wu Ding of Shang Dynasty send a good Shi Niu to his wife? This should be explained from the relationship between Shang Dynasty and cattle. In ancient times, the productivity was very low, and the people's productivity was extremely limited, so the cow with great strength became a member of the "labor force". It is said that the ancestor of Yin Shang was Wuhai. He is diligent and clever. In order to make his work more efficient, he began to use cattle for heavy physical labor, which is called "mastering the skills of serving cattle" When the Shang people in Yin Dynasty rushed to trade with other tribes, tribal leaders were amazed at them, and some even had the impulse to take them for themselves. Finally, many tribes joined forces, robbed the ox cart caravan in Wuhai and killed it. When Wuhai's son heard that his father was killed, he was so angry that he immediately organized young and middle-aged tribes to defeat the robbed tribes one by one and gradually became the overlord. Later, people in the Shang Dynasty rushed to trade with ox carts, gradually making the word "businessman" synonymous with people who do business. Wu Ding, King of Shang Dynasty, buried Shi Niu with his wife because he wanted her to remember the supreme glory of her ancestors when she lived underground. Archaeology is indeed the golden key to solve the mystery of history. It can reveal the secrets of thousands of years ago for us, and also provide many important basis for historical research. Think about it, Shi Niu has uncovered the origin of the word "businessman". What a wonderful thing!