High-definition picture of kindergarten culture wall How to build folk culture in kindergarten?
Create a folk environment and feel the characteristic culture.
People say? Environment is a child's third teacher? It's also mentioned in the Outline? Environment is an important educational resource, and children's development should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment? . In the construction of kindergarten environment, the theme and folk culture education are organically infiltrated, and parents and community resources are fully utilized to lead children to jointly operate, which not only decorates and beautifies the kindergarten environment, but also allows children to interact with these folk cultures and arts at any time, which plays a subtle role in children.
For example, we arrange China's classic stories, such as Sima Guang's broken jar, Cao Chong's statue and Kong Rong's Jean Pear, at the junction of the corridor to cultivate children's traditional virtues such as intelligence, courage and humility; Decorate China traditional paper-cut works, traditional Chinese painting works, Peking Opera costumes, etc. In the corridor, let the children feel the beauty of China traditional culture and art while enjoying it; Arrange the dragon boat, Chinese-style belly pocket, fan, etc. made by them in the kindergarten hall with the children, and fully interact with the children to improve their understanding of the traditional cultural connotation of China; In the exhibition halls on the first floor and the second floor, we will arrange places of interest and historical sites all over the motherland and special products of our hometown, guide children to understand the characteristic culture of our country and hometown, and cultivate their positive feelings of loving our hometown and motherland.
We also set up special classrooms for Chinese painting and Peking Opera in the kindergarten. Here, the teacher leads the children to carry out paper-cutting, Chinese painting, clay sculpture, printing and dyeing, Beijing opera singing and other courses. Let children be influenced by national culture from an early age, stimulate their interest in national culture and improve their love for national culture.
Choose folk content and set educational goals.
As we all know, China's folk culture is profound and rich in forms, including spiritual folk customs, material folk customs, social folk customs, age-old folk customs, etiquette folk customs and many other contents. Among these contents, how to choose the content that interests children and is suitable for their development has become an important problem that we must solve first.
After repeated data collection and teachers' extensive discussion, we have chosen some well-known nursery rhymes, virtue story and myths and legends in spiritual folklore, such as Kong Rong's "Grinding a Pear into a Needle", "Wonderful Pen Giving Birth to Flowers" and "Jingwei Reclaiming the Sea", so that children can inherit the virtues of hard work, kindness and simplicity of our people on the basis of understanding these literary works; In social folklore, we choose the most common ethnic minorities in China, such as Mongolians, Tibetans, Uighurs and Koreans, including their folk songs, folk music and national dances. In material folklore, choose those contents with national artistic characteristics, such as printing and dyeing, traditional Chinese painting, paper-cutting, dough sculpture, tea ceremony, costumes of different ethnic minorities, etc., to guide children to appreciate them; According to the traditional festivals in our garden, we chose Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Spring Festival and Lantern Festival. In etiquette and folklore, according to the characteristics of children's life, we choose the New Year greeting etiquette, dining etiquette and greeting etiquette which are closely related to children's existing experience.
In addition, we also refine the contents of these folk education according to the different age characteristics of children and according to large, medium and small classes.
The goals of small-class folk education are: to be polite to family and teachers, to be familiar with different appellations of relatives, and to cultivate feelings of loving teachers, parents and family; Can get along well with peers and experience the fun of sharing with others; Learn the simple skills of tearing, cutting, pasting and drawing; Willing to study with partners.
The goals of middle-class folk education are: to sprout the feelings of loving hometown and motherland; Be polite to elders and be willing to do things for them; Communicate generously with peers, speak confidently and do things honestly; You can use simple paper-cutting, Chinese painting, folk music, folk dance, folk decoration and other means to create and perform, to stimulate interest in learning.
The goals of folk education in large classes are: to know that you are from China and to cultivate the feelings of loving the motherland; Respect the elders and cultivate love and filial piety; Establish self-confidence in speaking and doing things; Interested in folk culture, can use paper-cutting, Chinese painting, masonry, folk music, folk dance and other forms to express the content of folk culture.
Organize thematic activities to enrich folk cognition.
Kindergarten teaching activities mainly include theme activities and district corner activities. Among them, theme activity is a widely used educational method in kindergartens. In teaching, teachers lead children to explore independently around a theme, which is more conducive to the interaction between teachers and students, thus promoting the all-round development of children. To this end, we will combine the selected folk content with the theme, start with children's interests, and set up collective education activities around the educational objectives, so that children can enjoy the rich and colorful folk culture through the window of folk customs, examine the course of the nation, understand the infinite charm of the motherland, and make children healthy, lively, curious, civilized, confident and responsible.
For example, in a small class, we conducted. Chinese New Year? The folk theme of. In the theme, we carried out collective education activities such as setting off firecrackers, dragon dancing, celebrating the New Year, New Year Games, New Year decorations, delicious Sugar-Coated Berry and so on.
For example, in the big class, we had? Happy folk village? Theme activities include climbing the Great Wall, ethnic family, magical Chinese medicine, the best of the motherland, hanging lanterns, ethnic dolls, yangko dancing, Peking Opera masks, Xinjiang girls, horse racing, mother Gesangla and other collective education activities.
In the teaching of Peking Opera facial makeup art, teachers use teaching methods such as appreciation, exploration, imitation and creation to guide children to understand the main characteristics of Peking Opera facial makeup, and learn the history and inheritance of Peking Opera through multimedia courseware. In the whole group activity, the children's participation enthusiasm is very high. Together, they created Peking Opera shapes and designed Peking Opera masks, which greatly enriched the children's knowledge and feelings about the traditional Peking Opera culture in China.
Set up regional corner activities to improve the creative level.
District corner activity is an autonomous activity in which teachers and children jointly create a certain number of district corners in the class. Through the creation of district corner environment and the provision of district corner materials, children's interest in participation is stimulated and their abilities in all aspects are improved. It is more conducive to children's effective interaction with materials and peers, thus promoting children's operational ability, imagination, creativity and problem-solving ability, and realizing personalized development.
To this end, according to the content of folk themes and the age characteristics of children, we set up a 1-2 folk culture area in each class (for example, in the big class, we set up a folk paper-cutting area, a Peking Opera Facebook area and a blue and white porcelain area; The middle class opened up the blue calico area and lantern decoration area; In the small class, there are mud play areas and mud rubbing areas. ), let children experience the fun of participating in the creation of folk culture in regional activities, experience happiness and feel happiness.
In addition, we have set up a folk life experience area in each class, equipped the class with ovens, induction cookers, small stone mills, pots, chopping boards, rolling pins and other physical cookers and tableware, and led the children to enjoy the folk foods with regional characteristics such as Baoding pickles, Tianjin dough twists, Shanxi dough figurines, Xinjiang bakeries and halal moon cakes.
Carry out folk activities to stimulate national feelings.
Tao Xingzhi said: the whole life should have the whole education. ? Children's life is a trinity of kindergarten, family and society. Under the guidance of the theory that life is education, our children's education can only be realized by establishing the trinity of kindergarten, society and family? The whole education? . To this end, we hold different forms of folk activities throughout the park every year. Through the appreciation, experience, expression and performance of these folk arts and cultures, on the one hand, it enriches children's understanding of traditional Chinese folk festivals, on the other hand, it also makes them feel the traditional Chinese folk art style and experience the lively, humorous, funny and exaggerated folk art feelings.
Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, we will lead small class children to hike in the wild, middle class children to fly kites in the military academy square, and large class children to Baoding Normal School? Seven or six? Pay homage to the martyrs in front of the monument. On the Dragon Boat Festival, we will invite the Yangko team to perform Yangko, run a dry boat and hold a Bao jiaozi competition with our parents. On the Double Ninth Festival, we will also lead the children to the nursing home to give gifts and perform programs to the lonely old people there. We will also organize a parent-child sports meeting before the New Year, so that children can truly feel different festivals in a relaxed, lively, quiet or peaceful atmosphere, and thus experience the colorful traditional festival culture.
In short, we organically integrate folk culture into the curriculum through different ways, so that children's curriculum content learning and folk culture learning can be integrated in a unified process, and folk culture education can become a part of kindergarten curriculum, which can be integrated with other kindergarten courses. We believe that through such education, children will be close to folk culture, and at the same time they will plant a seed of loving traditional culture in their hearts, and they will certainly become the inheritors of traditional culture.
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