In just a few years, Yang Di levied Goguryeo three times, but failed to collect a million troops. In the eighth year of the great cause, Yang Di called a million-strong army to attack Koguryo for the first time, but because of his wrong strategic command, he just piled up troops, completely ignoring the pressure of logistics supply. In addition, he did not adapt to the climate in Liaodong, and suffered heavy losses in his first expedition, and domestic farmers rebelled in succession. At the beginning of the second year, the Sui Dynasty, which was supposed to recuperate and develop its national strength, began its second expedition to Koguryo. On the verge of victory, Yang Xuangan, who was in charge of all logistics, suddenly sent his troops to revolt, and Emperor Yang Di had to withdraw his troops and return to North Korea to pacify domestic unrest. Ten years after the great cause, Yang Guang once again recruited Goguryeo crazily, regardless of domestic grievances. At this time, the people in the Sui Dynasty were already very poor, and there were many rumors. Emperor Yang Di accepted Koguryo's "short-lived" resignation and then moved back to North Korea. In the end, Yang Di attacked three times with one country's strength, but without any substantial gains, wasting people's money and shaking the foundation of the country, which also became the final fuse of the collapse of the Sui Dynasty.
Koguryo, also known as "Juli", has a vast and flat farmland. After a hundred years of solid management and production, agricultural productivity was once brilliant. After the end of the civil war, Fuyu people rested, and the number of Fuyu people increased steadily and rapidly. What is even more frightening is its military defense capability. Fuyu people adjust measures to local conditions, make use of unique terrain, and strive to build castles. Before being destroyed, they owned 65,438+076 cities and established a solid military defense line.
The continuous development of Fuyu people in politics, military, economy and culture poses a great threat to the Central Plains Dynasty, which is also an important reason why Yang Guang, who has strategic foresight, has to pay a heavy price and attack three times. First of all, "Zhuli" has vast arable land resources and excellent agricultural productivity, bordering Bohai Bay in the east. Fuyu people control the economic trade and fishery production in Bohai Bay, and economic productivity is the foundation of national development. Secondly, Fuyu people keep learning the ruling mode of the Central Plains Dynasty, constantly improve the ruling system, imitate the court of the Central Plains Dynasty, and implement strict laws and regulations. A stable ruling mode means that the country will continue to grow stronger. Thirdly, Fuyu people have their own independent cultural characteristics and continue to spread enlightenment to neighboring countries, which is a great provocation to the Central Plains dynasty. For the Central Plains dynasty, it is intolerable for the emperors of the Central Plains dynasties to learn from me and live and die for me. Finally, Fuyu people took advantage of their geographical position to establish a rock-solid mountain fortress group in Liaodong. Most of these forts are built on high-lying rocks, so they can take advantage of the steep terrain to resist the invading enemy. The fortress is rich in food and water resources, not afraid of long-term military war, and the terrain is easy to defend but difficult to attack. If Fuyu people are allowed to develop steadily, the "Julie" dynasty with a strong national strength to a certain extent will definitely point its expansion at the Central Plains. Therefore, the emperors of Sui Dynasty did not hesitate to destroy the country by death, but also captured Koguryo.
The emperor of Sui Dynasty attacked the country of Fuyu people many times, except for the threat of Koguryo's powerful national strength. For Yang Guang, who is radical and ambitious in power, annexing the land of Fuyu people is not only an indispensable jigsaw puzzle on his imperial map, but also an indispensable step for him to realize his political ideal like a romantic poet. No matter the image in film and television works or the records in history books, most of us think that Yang Di is a generation of arrogant, ambitious and soft-blooded "tyrants". However, although Yang Guang has no virtue, he is indeed a man of great talent and strategy. Yang Di was in office for only a few decades. He reformed the official system, revised the law and moved the capital to Luoyang politically. Militarily attack and destroy Gu Hun, conquer Khitan and fight Koguryo; Culturally, he opened a scholar's degree, collected a large number of classics, and praised the spread of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Economically, the state will help build the Grand Canal; Realize the prosperity of all countries in diplomacy. Emperor Yang Di's desire and addiction to rule, his desire to show off hegemony, his political ideal with the characteristics of a romantic poet, and his unique view of personal heroic rule were also one of the reasons for his three expeditions to the East to help others.
The game between kings of past dynasties and traditional aristocratic forces is a thrilling battle of life and death. The Sui Dynasty inherited the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and Guanlong Group played an important role in the Sui Dynasty. It not only had the absolute right to speak in social, economic and military strength, but also was above the imperial court. Emperor Wendi acted cautiously and adopted a concession policy, not daring to face the dispute of Guanlong Group directly. His counterattack was only to build Chang 'an Daxing City. Emperor Yang Di's behavior is very different from that of his father, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty. In order to consolidate the political power, he first established the East Capital and managed Luoyang to get rid of the influence of Guanlong Group, and then set up Jinshi Branch, allowing non-traditional aristocratic forces to participate in government affairs, breaking the monopoly of nobles on state affairs. In the end, Yang Di took Luoyang as his political base and fought everywhere. Therefore, there are also voices that Yang Di sent troops to Koguryo many times, which actually has the deep-seated reasons for weakening the power of the old aristocracy.
The evaluation and description of Yang Di in history is very rich and wonderful. Yang guang is extravagant, close to the adulterer and addicted to women. He was even labeled as a "tyrant" for excessively relaxing the control over the people and being cruel to the peasant uprising. However, it is undeniable that at that time, the crimes of Emperor Yang Di benefited the country for a long time. Koguryo three times, exhausted the national strength but got nothing, but the strategic vision was very correct. As the so-called king couch, how can it be coveted by barbarians?