Principle of greenhouse effect:
In the world, any object in the universe will radiate electromagnetic waves. The higher the temperature of an object, the shorter the wavelength of radiation. The surface temperature of the sun is about 6000K, and its electromagnetic wavelength is very short, which is called solar short-wave radiation (including visible light from purple to red). The ground is heated by the short-wave radiation of the sun, and at the same time it is cooled by the electromagnetic waves that radiate all the time.
The electromagnetic wavelength emitted by the earth becomes longer because of the low temperature, which is called ground long-wave radiation. Short-wave radiation and long-wave radiation have different experiences when passing through the earth's atmosphere: the atmosphere is almost transparent to solar short-wave radiation, but strongly absorbs ground long-wave radiation.
While absorbing long-wave radiation from the ground, the atmosphere itself radiates long-wave radiation with longer wavelength (because the temperature of the atmosphere is lower than that of the ground). The part that goes down to the ground is called inverse radiation. The ground will heat up after receiving inverse radiation, or the atmosphere will keep the ground warm. This is the principle of atmospheric greenhouse effect.
Extended data:
Harm of greenhouse effect:
1. The heat energy brought by the rising temperature will provide great kinetic energy to the air and the ocean, thus forming large-scale or even super-large-scale disasters such as typhoons, hurricanes and tsunamis. More and more disasters are suffered and faced every year, and more and more lives and money are lost, which is more and more unacceptable.
Disasters such as typhoons and tsunamis not only directly destroy buildings and threaten human life safety, but also bring secondary disasters, especially the heavy rainfall brought by typhoons and hurricanes, which will lead to mudslides, landslides and other disasters, seriously threatening traffic safety and residents' life safety.
2. The rising temperature will not only absorb water directly from the ocean, but also from the land, resulting in a large area of drought in inland areas, thus reducing food production and feed production. Food and meat products will face scarcity, which directly threatens national stability. Panic and fighting caused by food will no longer happen in backward villages.
Icebergs melted by the rising temperature are the main source of fresh water for our survival. Most of our underground fresh water reserves come from iceberg meltwater. When the temperature balance is normal, the ice and snow circulation system of icebergs, that is, icebergs in summer melt down the mountain and flow into the ground, accumulating fresh water for the plain area and playing a filtering role.
In winter, water returns to the mountains in the form of steam, and through a lot of snowfall, ice and snow accumulate again, which is also a filtering process. The whole circulation process ensures the stable balance of fresh water. Nowadays, global warming makes the ice and snow accumulation speed of icebergs far less than the melting speed, and even some icebergs no longer accumulate, cutting off local drinking fresh water. This will bring conflicts and wars caused by water shortage.
The natural food chain is gradually broken by the rising temperature.
5. The increase of carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere will lead to the increase of carbon dioxide content in the ocean, carbonation of the ocean and killing a large number of microorganisms. Rising ocean temperature will also destroy a large number of coral-centered biological chains. The disappearance of bottom food makes the marine food chain disintegrate rapidly from the bottom and spread out of the ocean.
Because there is no food, a large number of marine life and other creatures that feed on marine life will die. The death of a large number of creatures in the ocean will pollute the ocean and accelerate the death of other creatures; At the same time, it releases a lot of greenhouse gases, accelerates global warming and forms a vicious circle.
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