Sailing alone, the blue sky is exhausted, and only the Yangtze River is in the sky.
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This poem was written by Li Baichu when he lived in Anlu. Li Bai, who just finished his trip to wuyue in the south of the Yangtze River, met Meng Haoran, who is twelve years older than him. They hit it off immediately. When he sent Meng Haoran to Yangzhou, Li Bai wrote this masterpiece handed down from ancient times.
Dynamic situation and broad artistic conception are the most prominent features of this poem. The Yellow Crane Tower is in Jiangxia, a few hundred miles away from Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu). Poets can lift weights easily, and Chu's five days are all included in just four poems. The first sentence said that my friend Meng Haoran bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower and began to sail eastward. The second sentence describes the beautiful scenery of his friend sailing all the way in March in spring. The last two sentences are written in the blue sky. It shortens the distance between the Yellow Crane Tower and Yangzhou in readers' minds, and makes this poem describe and contain a vast and boundless space. Every sentence in this poem uses a verb: Ci, Xia, Jin and Liu, which shows the chronological relationship from different angles (walker and messenger) and gives people a sense of fluidity. The momentum brought by the verb itself makes the whole poem vigorous and powerful.
The reason why this farewell poem can be so magnificent and profound is not only the poet's talent, but also its objective reasons. The Yellow Crane Tower in the Tang Dynasty was located on the Yellow Crane Rock in the west of Wuchang (now the bridgehead of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge), close to the mountains and waters. Need to climb in all directions, known as "the first floor in the world." It is enough to see the guests off when you board the ship. Maybe he has his own experiences and feelings. At this time, his friends will naturally remind him of Guangling. Because the five mountains are in the chest, the poet's poems can cross Wu Chu, so he can show colorful scenes. Secondly, after the age of 20, Li Bai traveled all over the famous mountains in Sichuan. At the age of 25, he "waved his sword to serve the country" and visited the Liao country in the southeast of China and Jianghan Plain several times. The beauty of the landscape in the south of the Yangtze River is in sharp contrast with the precipitousness of Bashan and Shushu rivers. Li Bai, who is used to seeing the mountains and rivers in the middle of Shu, will naturally have a keen feeling and accurate grasp of the vast natural scenery. Thirdly, when Li Bai bid farewell to Meng Haoran on his way to Yangzhou, he was in his prime of life and full of confidence and hope for the future. Therefore, he was able to write this poem in high spirits. In his later years, he was in Jiangxia and saw Jiangxia off at the same time, and wrote a poem "A farewell to Jiangxia".
If the Chu water is clear and empty, the blue sea is connected remotely. People are thousands of miles away, and happiness is in a cup.
Birds in the valley sing sunny days, and apes in the river whisper the evening breeze.
Li Bai, who has experienced ups and downs, no longer has the spirit of "laughing and going out". The farewell poem has changed its former style, which shows that the mood is closely related to the poetic realm.
Affection is the second feature of this farewell poem. Song Fang Hui commented on Li Bai's poem, saying, "The most important thing is to give an answer. Feelings come from the heart" (Miscellaneous Books). The emotional shock of the poem "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell Meng Haoran to Yangzhou" is mainly manifested in the last two sentences. Here, the poet writes from his own point of view, showing his deep affection for his friends. "Sailing alone, the sky is blue." It is conceivable that Li Bai watched his friend's solitary sail drift away until it disappeared at the end of the clear water and blue sky. However, Li Bai still looked at the direction in which his friend disappeared. On that day, only the river flowed eastward. The poet seems eager for the eastward river to take his feelings with him and his friends. The beauty of "the lonely sail is far away and the sky is exhausted" lies in narrowing the distance between the poet and the lonely sail. It fully shows the poet's farewell feeling. However, taking the mountain as the reference limits the distance between the poet and the solitary sail. If the "distant shadow" is changed to "distant reflection", the scene of the boat tour will be more real, which limits the reader's imagination and psychological feelings. In another poem entitled "Farewell", Li Bai once wrote a similar poem: "Yun Fan looks far away and never sees each other."
The artistic conception of Li Bai's farewell poems is often used for reference by other art forms in later generations, especially the film art. Many farewell scenes near the river are designed with the lens that the sails are getting farther and farther, and the farewell person is getting higher and higher, and finally the farewell person who climbs to the top of the mountain faces the river. This also shows the strong artistic vitality of this poem. Fang Ming Xiao Ru's "Hanging Li Bai's Poems" says: "No matter the ghost cries, the pen has its own smoke."