Mandarin, that is, standard Chinese. Putonghua is the common language for communication among all ethnic groups in China, with Beijing accent as the basic pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm. "It is mainly used in the area north of the Yangtze River in Chinese mainland, and Putonghua is generally not spoken in the south of the Yangtze River, because there are Chinese dialects everywhere, and it does not depend on Putonghua". Among them, Cantonese is spoken in Hongkong, China and Macau, China, and Mandarin is also used in official occasions in Taiwan Province Province, China, but the accent is slightly different from that in Chinese mainland.
Cantonese, also known as Cantonese and Guangfu dialect, is commonly known as vernacular Chinese, and is called Tang dialect overseas. It is a kind of tonal language of Sino-Tibetan Chinese language family, and it is also the mother tongue of Guangfu people of Han nationality. Cantonese, an elegant word originating from the ancient Central Plains, has a complete set of nine tones and six tones, which perfectly retains the characteristics of ancient Chinese and is also the most complete language to retain Middle Chinese. In academic circles, apart from Mandarin, it is the only China language that has independent research in foreign universities. Today, Wu Tong dialect and other Chinese dialects still retain many ancient Chinese pronunciations of Chinese characters in Cantonese.