The old days stepped into the 2 1 century without hesitation, and weapons and equipment carefully planned by countries all over the world for the new century appeared one after another. Although everyone is discussing the unmanned battlefield in the future, the reality is in front of us, and the war will still take the lead, so the development of light weapons is still active, and the light weapons on stage at the turn of the century are refreshing.
A new weapon of personal self-defense: "children" are the masters
Belgium FN company's 5.7mm individual self-defense weapon caused a great sensation, while Germany's Hechler Koch (HK) company claimed that its latest individual self-defense weapon (PDW) fired 4.6× 30mm bullets, which was even more shocking.
The automatic mode adopted by PDW is air guidance, and the locking is nose steering.
It is 340mm long, with a muzzle velocity of 725m/s, a muzzle kinetic energy of 447 Joules and a theoretical firing rate of 950 rounds/min. It can penetrate 1.6mm thick titanium plate and 20 layers of Kevlar bulletproof material at 50m. The magazine containing twenty or forty rounds of ammunition is used for ammunition replenishment, and the magazine is located in the grip. When equipped with 20 empty magazines, the whole gun only weighs 1.6 kg. The launched 4.6× 30mm bullet adopts copper-plated steel warhead, and the warhead weight is1.7g. ..
The front handle can be folded and can be shot with one hand. When the forehand grip is open, shooting with both hands can improve the shooting accuracy. When the telescopic butt is opened, it is mainly used for accurate shooting of long-distance (within 200 meters) targets. The sight of this new type of individual self-defense weapon can be equipped with a reflective sight in addition to a mechanical sight.
Attack weapon: upgrade
The development of Israeli Tavor5.56 mm series assault rifles began in 1993, and was finalized after technical and operational tests were completed in mid-2000. Now it has been equipped in Israel, India, Vietnam and other countries.
It adopts unsupported design, which can meet the requirements of ergonomics and combat tasks to the maximum extent. Its integrated reflective sight can project the aiming point to the eyepiece center of the sight, ensuring comfortable operation and effective capture of the target under all shooting positions conditions, and improving the accuracy of the first hit.
The assault weapon family has four different models:
The basic TAR-2 1(Tavor assault rifle) was developed on the basis of Jian Zihao submachine gun and galil 5.56mm assault rifle. Adopt air conduction automatic mode to lock the rotary bolt. The continuous firing rate is 750 ~ 900 rounds per minute. The standard TAR-2 1 for 30 rounds weighs 3.6 kg, the barrel is 460 mm long and the muzzle velocity is 890 m/s. ..
The team weapon STAR-2 1 is the accurate shooter version of this gun family, with a long barrel and two tripods.
CTAR-2 1 with short barrel is used by special operations forces and air force, and can also be used by tank crew in narrow space. The gun weighs 3.5 kg, the barrel is 380 mm long and the muzzle velocity is 860 m/s.
The miniature assault rifle MTAR-2 1 used by security forces and troops performing special tasks, weighing 3.2 kg, with a barrel length of 250 mm and a muzzle velocity of 770 m/s, has stopped developing at present.
Singapore's 5.56mm SAR2 1 assault rifle was prepared by Singapore for the 20th century. It is designed in an air-oriented way without support. It is 805mm long and weighs 3.82kg. It is used to replace the 5.56mm M 16A 1, SAR80 and SR88A assault rifles in the Singapore Armed Forces.
The gun is equipped with an optical sight with a magnification of 1.5 times, and an optical sight with a magnification of 3 times can be selected. A spare mechanical sight is also installed above the optical sight.
A comprehensive laser aiming device is installed at the front of the wooden guard plate, which can emit both infrared light and visible red light points. The laser is controlled by a switch located on the wooden guard plate.
The gun can fire both M 193 bullets and SS 109 bullets, and the theoretical firing rate is 450 ~ 650 rounds per minute.
The Vektor5.56 CR2 1 assault rifle in South Africa draws on the development experience of R4, r5 and R6, with novel appearance and compact structure. The main innovation is that the air guide system is more advanced, and the gunstock and wooden guard plate are made of polymer materials. In addition, the ergonomic design of the gun is very successful.
The gun has a total length of 760mm, a weight of 3.8kg, a barrel length of 460mm, six rifling lines and a winding distance of 229 mm.. It can fire both SS 109 bullets and M 193 series 5.56× 45mm ammunition.
The nylon magazine has a capacity of 20 rounds or 35 rounds. When equipped with 20 rounds, the gun is 290 mm high. The gun is a rotary bolt lock with an initial velocity of 980m/s, a theoretical firing rate of 600 ~ 750 rounds/min and an effective range of 500m.
Its fork-shaped muzzle flame arrester makes the muzzle flame of the gun not obvious even at night, and the device can be used to launch grenades. The center of gravity of the gun is located near the small grip, which is convenient to hold.
The shooting selection button (single shot, automatic) located in front of the trigger is separated from the safety switch, the rod to be hit is located on the left side of the upper shell, and the cleaning tool is installed in the stock.
Combined with an integrated reflective optical sight, it can assist training and improve the first hit rate.
The magnification of the sight is 1, and it is installed on the high-strength polymer sight base, which has a wide field of vision. Light is transmitted through optical fiber, and the light is reflected by the mirror into a triangular aiming image, which can be used at night or in poor visibility without batteries.
The live-fire test shows that the first hit probability of CR2 1 assault rifle equipped with reflective sight is 60% higher than that of the existing rifle equipped with sight.
In addition to the standard CR2 1 assault rifle, there is a variant gun with a shorter barrel (about 100 mm), which is being evaluated by the South African police force.
Sniper rifle: eternal precision
High shooting accuracy is the life of sniper rifle. The latest sniper rifle is innovative while ensuring high shooting accuracy.
Russian 7.62mm SVU Sniper Rifle This rifle is an improved version of the "Lonovo" 7.62mm Sniper Rifle (SVD), which is mainly used to meet the needs of the security forces and special subordinate units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
1994 was first put into use at the beginning of the Chechen war. Its basic gun is equipped with a folding mechanical sight, while the one equipped with PSO- 1 optical sight and tripod is called Ots-03AS. The weight of the latter space-time gun without tripod is 4.4 1 kg.
Compared with SVD, the biggest change of SVU is to remove the stock and replace it with a support plate. The trigger moves forward to the front of the magazine, and a cylindrical device is installed in front of the barrel to suppress the flame.
The gun adopts air conduction automatic mode, and the bolt is locked by rotation. Automatic loading, magazine capacity is 10 rounds. Due to the unsupported structure, the length of the whole gun is only 900 mm, the rifling of the barrel is 4 right-handed rifling, the winding distance is 254 mm, and the muzzle velocity is 830 m/s, which can be equipped with standard bayonets.
Anti-equipment rifle: in the ascendant
Anti-tank rifles have played an important role in the battlefield, but with the gradual enhancement of tank armor protection ability, it is unrealistic and unnecessary to use rifles to deal with tanks, but the goal of light armor protection on the battlefield is increasing day by day. As a result, with the gradual decline of anti-tank rifles, a new type of rifle anti-equipment rifle has quietly emerged.
The first batch of British AW50F anti-equipment rifles has been produced. It combines the design features of many small caliber rifles and has the characteristics of high precision and great power. At present, many models have been equipped in Britain and other countries.
It adopts a direct-acting bolt with six locking convex bamboo shoots. The ammunition is replenished with a detachable magazine with a capacity of 5 rounds, and 12.7mm "Browning" bullets are fired. The gun is equipped with "Picatini" guide rail, which can be used to install various types of optical and night vision aiming devices. At the same time, the gun also has a spare mechanical aiming device.
In terms of weight reduction, the gun is still effective, and the current weight is 13.64 kg. If some titanium parts are used, the weight can be reduced to 12.73 kg.
The reduction of recoil is mainly achieved by using soft shoulder pads, comprehensive anti-recoil system and efficient muzzle brake.