Generally speaking, universities have libraries, and some primary and secondary schools also have special libraries or libraries. In ancient China, the institution collecting books was called the library, and the name of the library was only adopted when the Shi Jing Library was established in 19 10.
In ancient China, there were collections similar to libraries. Besides the library, there are various names such as rooms, buildings, courtyards and pavilions. Ancient libraries appeared with the appearance of books. "Shangshu" records: "Only Yin ancestors, there are books." "Dian" and "Shu" both mean books, which means that there are books recording historical events in Shang Dynasty. Oracle Bone Inscriptions cellar in Yin and Shang Dynasties is the earliest preserved document site so far.
In the 5th century BC, the library of the Zhou Dynasty was an early government library with known documents. Laozi, a famous thinker, used to be an official in the library of the Zhou Dynasty, that is, a historian who managed books.
According to historical records, during the Western Han Dynasty, the emperor ordered books to be collected all over the country for three times, and specially established royal book collection institutions such as Shiqu Pavilion, Tianlu Pavilion, Qilin Pavilion, Lantian Shishi, etc. Among them, Shishi is a royal library made of stone, with archives as the main body and built in the ancestral hall, headed by Taichang. When the Western Han Dynasty proclaimed himself emperor, Liu Xiang was ordered to sort out the National Library in Tianluge, and finally compiled the book catalogue Bielu.
Summary: Generally speaking, some famous early book collection institutions, including later ones, were mostly built by the government, and some were also built by the court, such as Hong Wen Pavilion in Tang Dynasty, Chongwen Academy in Song Dynasty, Hong Wen Academy in Yuan Dynasty, Wen Yuan Pavilion in Ming Dynasty and "Four Treasures and Seven Pavilions" in Qing Dynasty.
With the development of social economy and culture, book collection institutions have also developed greatly. Especially after the Song Dynasty, due to the popularization of papermaking and the development of block printing, books gradually increased, and private libraries began to appear among the people. The oldest existing private library is Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, which was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. In ancient times, in addition to official and private book collection institutions, there were four types: Sinology, County Studies, Academy Libraries and Temple Taoist Libraries.