(China Geological Library Beijing 100083)
Publications condense the essence of the work achievements of geological prospecting units and are an important part of the socialized service system of geological prospecting units. On the basis of analyzing the publications of the US Geological Survey and its management methods, and drawing lessons from its rigorous and advanced management concept, this paper puts forward three suggestions on the publications management of the China Geological Survey.
Keywords publishing performance management
The publication condenses the essence of the work of geological survey institutions, is an important part of the socialized service system of geological survey institutions, and plays an important role in spreading and popularizing geoscience knowledge, government decision-making, international academic exchanges and so on. In 2007, when China Geological Survey seriously implemented the State Council's decision on strengthening geological work, it clearly put forward the goal of building a world-class geological survey. At present, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is recognized as a world leader in natural science. This paper analyzes the advanced management concepts and methods from the perspective of USGS publication management, aiming at providing some reference for us to build a world-class geological survey publication management.
1 USGS publications
The United States Geological Survey is the only natural science research institution in the United States Department of the Interior. His main task is to manage and study the country's water resources, energy, biological and mineral resources; Provide reliable geoscience information to the country in time; Reduce the loss of life and property caused by natural disasters; Improve people's quality of life. USGS uses publications with rich contents and various forms as a bridge to deliver its high-quality earth science research results to the society, which basically meets the needs of all sectors of American society.
USGS publications include informal reports published quickly, highly rigorous professional papers and scientific reports, and popular science propaganda books for the public. The carrier forms include print version, CD version and online version. Publications are divided into three categories according to the frequency of publication: publication series, periodicals and special issues.
Table 1 is still a publication issued by USGS. The serial number 1- 10 is a series published irregularly. Each series has no specific discipline and professional direction, but it is divided into scientific and technological information category and publicity and education category according to different readers and publishing purposes. Scientific and technological information is divided into several series according to the scientificity, completeness, regionality, data and methodology of the content. For example, both professional papers and scientific investigation reports are scientific and technological information, but the content published by the former is wider in science and geography than that of the latter. Another example is Data Series, which mainly publishes basic data sets, databases and multimedia. Techniques and methods, on the other hand, publishing techniques or methods about the collection, analysis and programming of scientific data. In short, these series cover almost all the work of the US Geological Survey related to earth science. The serial number 1 1-20 is a periodical published regularly, which is completed by a special department and is not a solicitation publication. For example, the serial number 1 1- 15 is the daily work result of USGS mineral information team. This kind of sequence has obvious regularity, such as a separate statistical report of water resources and the preliminary determination of the epicenter. Serial number 2 1 is a publication independent of previous series and periodicals, which is very rare and should be a special case, because USGS encourages and requires staff to publish their work results in the series as much as possible.
Table 1 USGS publications
2 characteristics of publication management of the US Geological Survey
2. 1 Perfect system guarantee
Managing publications according to law, system and procedure is a major feature of USGS. The publishing management of geological survey results by USGS can be traced back to the beginning of the establishment of this unit. The publishing methods and standards of USGS information products are embodied in its manuals and some rules and regulations. Among them, the publishing process of all kinds of publications is comprehensively and detailedly stipulated, including the preparation of product publishing plan, the budget of the whole process from product creativity to publication, peer review, the approval and release of product content and form, the author, honor and thanks of the product, the provisions on the use of copyright materials in the product, the distribution, sales and filing of the product, etc.
2.2 Clear objectives and clear planning
Publications are an important medium for socialized service of geological survey. In order to meet the needs of different groups, USGS defines four types of readers according to their needs for science: core experts, non-core experts, the general public and USGS staff. Core experts refer to geoscientists inside and outside the US Geological Survey. External scientists represent scientific institutions, non-governmental scientific research organizations, international academic groups, scientific research institutions and industrial scientists in other States and countries. Scientists of USGS are the main authors of such readers' publications; Non-core experts refer to managers and earth scientists who have knowledge but are not the most important. They are usually policy makers. This kind of readers usually represent Congress, other state and national government departments, legislative departments and some non-governmental organizations, and they need comprehensive technical information. The authors of such publications are usually teams of scientists and technical experts; The general public, including teachers, students, news media, nature lovers and anyone who likes to study earth science. Such works are usually written in popular language with clear illustrations. Such publications are usually written by scientists, writers, editors and designers.
The target audience was determined. According to the different purposes of publishing scientific and technological information or popular science books, USGS divided the publications into 1 1 series, and made a strict publishing plan for each series (Table 2).
Table 2 Professional Paper Publishing Plan
Table 2 is the publishing plan of USGS publishing professional paper series. The table puts forward the requirements and relevant regulations for the series from 20 aspects, such as readers, publishing purpose, content, publishing frequency, carrier form, editing, examination and approval, distribution, sales and archiving. According to this table, we can clearly see the strict definition and planning of publications by USGS.
2.3 Comprehensive Support Services
In the whole publishing activity, USGS adopted a multi-level coordination management system such as regional department, discipline department and foreign exchange promotion department to support the whole process of publishing and editing. Management entities at all levels are responsible for the work of related contents in the life cycle of information products. Publishing editors play an important role in the publishing process of USGS. They cooperate with the reporting experts in USGS headquarters and regions to help them how to get their ideas approved, how to design guides and how to distribute them, so as to ensure that the products have the greatest impact on readers and make the limited funds play the best role. In addition, the author's proposal of USGS report was specially compiled and published in 1909, which has been revised to the seventh edition to provide writing guidance for geological reports and maps published by USGS. Its characteristic is to explain in detail the compilation and publication of geological maps, as well as the use of place names, stratigraphic names and various geological professional terms (minerals, rocks and paleontology).
2.4 Pay attention to the application of new technologies and methods in publication management.
USGS attaches great importance to the application of new technologies and methods in publishing management to publish scientific research results quickly and with high quality. With the rapid development of information network technology, the forms of publication carriers are becoming more and more diversified, such as printed version, electronic version and online version. The management mode of publications is modern, and USGS has designed a special management tool-VIS system, which includes USGS logo, communication platform, product design template, product specification, printing layout and color template. In addition, a special official report coding system is designed to code all publications in sequence, which is convenient for query, retrieval, utilization and archiving.
2.5 emphasize the consistency of visual style and enhance the influence of USGS.
The USGS encourages the staff to publish their scientific findings and discoveries, so as to continuously improve the scientific prestige of USGS. Therefore, USGS requires all scientific, intelligence, publicity and labeling products, such as printed and electronic publications, web pages, exhibits, report slides, and even business cards, educational materials, transportation and equipment, to use VIS system to unify their styles, and a special department is responsible for supervision and management. Emphasizing the standardized and unified use of organization logo and consistent layout style not only makes the image of USGS stand out, arouses public attention and deepens public impression of USGS, but also protects intellectual property rights and expands the influence of USGS.
3 reference significance
The comprehensive planning and management of publications by USGS not only ensures the quality of publications, but also provides geological survey results to all sectors of society efficiently, fairly and systematically, thus improving the reputation of USGS at home and abroad. In contrast, the publishing work of China Geological Survey is still in a state of individual combat, dispersion and even repetition. The editing, layout design, marketing and other activities of publications still depend on the directly affiliated units themselves. Bureau system has no unified planning system and no brand effect of publications. At present, this management mode can not only manage the published geological survey results in a unified way, but also grasp the publishing trends of the academic achievements of the staff of the bureau system in real time; More importantly, it is impossible to launch lasting, scientific and influential products to publicize and enhance the reputation and status of China Geological Survey.
The publication of geological survey results is one of the important signs to show the scientific research level and social service ability of China Geological Survey. With the development of economy and society, the demand for geological achievements from all walks of life is increasing. According to the present situation of publications of China Geological Survey, and drawing lessons from some experiences of the United States Geological Survey in managing publications, this paper puts forward the following suggestions on the management of publications of China Geological Survey:
3. 1 establish a unified management system for publications of the bureau system.
At present, the publications of scientific research achievements of China Geological Survey can be divided into two categories: internal publications and public publications. The latter includes periodicals sponsored by units directly under the Bureau, as well as articles and monographs published by researchers at home and abroad. According to the actual situation of China's press and publication management, if it is very difficult to make large-scale, large-scale and deep-seated adjustments to local periodicals, we might as well start with the management of those messy publications (monographs, papers, etc.). ) and internal publications:
(1) According to the possible reader types and published contents of decision makers, professional readers, investors and the general public, several series are designed, such as: scientific and technological paper series, popular science series, map series, data series, express series, and geological survey bibliography bulletin series. Specific requirements, standard marks and styles (color formats, etc.) shall be formulated for the above series. ), content range, release frequency, carrier form, editing, approval, distribution, sales and archiving.
(2) Establish a unified coding system and document database system, and manage the results centrally. The unified coding system is responsible for assigning a unique code to all articles and monographs planned to be published internally or publicly; According to the coded information, the literature database is responsible for collecting all published information and establishing its own literature database of scientific research achievements. In this way, all the publications of China Geological Survey can be managed on one platform by unified coding and database establishment.
Through the unified management system of publications, the comprehensive management of publications in the bureau system is realized; Realize the dynamic monitoring of publications; To provide a basis for evaluating various units, scientific research projects and scientists; Integrate the information of scientific research achievements of geological survey and establish the literature database of scientific research achievements of China Geological Survey. Provide services to the society through the website of China Geological Survey, and show the scientific research achievements and level of China Geological Survey to the world.
3.2 Establish relevant work systems
The establishment of a unified management system for publications in the bureau system involves many links and trivial matters, and requires the coordination and responsibility of multiple departments. In order to ensure the smooth progress of publication management and prevent the dispersion and duplication of work, detailed and operable relevant rules and regulations and working procedures must be formulated to ensure the orderly progress of all aspects of work. The contents of the system and process should include the main work links and responsible departments of the unified management system, the basic procedures of the work, the budget and use of funds, etc.
3.3 Use modern technology to provide support for management.
Relying on advanced information network technology, develop a unified management system platform to create convenient conditions for management and improve management level. The platform consists of a publication design system, a unified coding system and a database production and distribution system of scientific and technological achievements. Different systems support different management links. For example, the publication design system mainly helps the author of the document to be published to choose the reader type according to the purpose of publication, and then determines a series of problems such as carrier form and distribution scope. Unified coding system is responsible for issuing codes according to the publishing channels selected by publications; The database should not only be responsible for the establishment and maintenance of the database, but also provide statistical information of scientific research results regularly or as needed.
refer to
Htp://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/usgs website
/CMS/html/21/396/list-1.html General Administration of Press and Publication of the People's Republic of China