Disciple Rules was originally compiled by Li Yuxiu in Qing Dynasty, and was originally named Xun Mengwen. After being revised by Jia Youren (or Jia Cunren), it was renamed Disciple Rules, and later named after Disciple Rules.
Li Yuxiu, Ziqian, number three. Jiangzhou, Shanxi, died in Qianlong period at the age of 83. A scholar was born. Life activities are mainly teaching. After nearly 20 years' study tour with the famous Neo-Confucianism Party, I have learned the doctrines of Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, Taiji, Mingxi and so on. He founded Dunfuzhai to give lectures. Wang Huan, the suggestion of Taiping County, asked him for advice many times and appreciated his talent. Later, he was honored as Li Shifu. He is the author of Disciples' Rules, Falsification of Four Books, Interpretation of Four Books, Invention of Learning Yong, Reading Notes of University, etc., which are stored in Shanxi Provincial Library and Peking University Library respectively. After his death, his memorial tablet was also enshrined in Jiangzhou Pantheon to write Disciples Rules.
Original text:
Disciple's rules, sage's instructions, filial piety, I sincerely believe that I love the masses and love benevolence to learn literature.
Comments:
Nothing is more enjoyable than reading, and nothing is more enjoyable than teaching children.
Disciples' Rules is the guideline of students' life, which is compiled according to the teachings of Confucius, the most holy teacher.
First of all, in our daily life, we should honor our parents and love our brothers and sisters. Secondly, we should be cautious and match our words with our deeds. When interacting with the public, we should be equal and kind. We should always be close to people with kindness and learn from them. These are the foundations of learning and must be done. If you do, you should study six arts, such as etiquette, music, archery, imperial art, calligraphy art, various classics and other useful knowledge.
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The original text of Xiao Jing:
Parents should call, don't drag down their lives, don't be lazy, and parents should be respectful and obedient.
It's warm in winter and warm in summer, and it's decided that you must sue. Facing the status quo, business remains the same.
Although things are small, don't be overjoyed. If you are good at it, you will lose. If you are very young, don't hide.
Love is good, love is bad, love is bad, love is hurt, love is sorrow, love is hurt, love is shame.
Dear, why is it so hard to be filial to me and hate my filial piety?
I was persuaded by my relatives, which made my color more pleasant. I had a bad voice, so I was told off. I cried and complained.
When you get sick, try medicine first, stay in bed day and night, mourn for three years, and often mourn for wine and meat.
Worship the deceased, offer sacrifices, and serve the deceased honestly.
Comments:
Filial piety is the foundation of China culture. The ancients said that "filial piety is the first virtue". If a person can be filial, he will have a kind heart. With this kind heart, many people can benefit.
At home, when parents call us, they should answer it as soon as they hear it. Don't answer slowly. When our parents ask us to do something, we should act quickly and don't delay or be too lazy to do it. When parents want us to study hard and teach us, we must be respectful and not casual, and we must listen to our hearts. If our parents blame our mistakes, we should obey and bear them. We shouldn't go against them and make them sad.
As children, we should pay attention to whether our parents wear warm clothes and live in warm places in winter. Consider whether parents feel cool in summer. Get up every morning, be sure to visit your parents and ask how you are; When you come back at night, you must also greet your parents. When you go out, tell your parents where you want to go. When you get home, you must meet your parents and reassure them. There is a certain order in daily life, and we will not change what we do casually.
Although things are small, don't make a decision without telling your parents. If you act arbitrarily, it will be detrimental to your duties as a child. Although things are small, don't hide behind your parents' backs. Parents must be very sad to know.
Parents should try their best to prepare everything they like, and parents should carefully exclude everything they don't like. If our bodies are hurt, it will definitely bring sadness to our parents. If our character is missing, it will make our parents feel humiliated and humiliated.
Parents love their children, and children can be filial to their parents, which is extremely natural. What is the difficulty of such filial piety? If parents hate us, but they can still be filial, it will be commendable. Most people always think that what parents have paid for their children is the obligation of filial piety. What's the difference between this and bargaining in the vegetable market?
When parents make mistakes, they must persuade and correct their children, but when persuading, they must never keep a straight face, keep an expression, be gentle and cheerful, and speak gently and peacefully. If parents don't accept our suggestion, wait until parents are happy. If parents are still stubborn and don't listen to advice, people with filial piety can't bear to let their parents fall into injustice, and even cry loudly for their parents to make up for it, even if they are beaten by their parents, they have no complaints.
When parents are ill, children must taste the cooked soup first, whether it is too cold or too hot. No matter day or night, we should serve our parents and not be too far away from them at will. When your parents are seriously ill, they need someone to take care of them most, especially their children can accompany you and take care of their daily lives. This is the warmest and most satisfying thing for parents. When our parents are seriously ill and dying, as children, can we give up this opportunity because of our busy career or lack of time?
Parents died unfortunately and had to mourn for three years. During the mourning period, they often cry because they miss their parents, and the place where they live has become simple. They have given up drinking and eating meat. Handling parents' funerals should conform to etiquette, not sloppy, and be sincere when offering sacrifices. Respect your dead parents as before.
Why are you doing this? Confucius said: "Children are born three years before they leave their parents' arms and can eat by themselves, which gives parents a little relief. As children, why can't we always miss our parents and love them during the three-year mourning period? "In life, parents are our closest people and give us the most kindness. We should study hard the etiquette of filial piety to our parents, regard filial piety as a major event, and operate with our heart in order to stand between heaven and earth. Filial piety may not make our family rich or have a garden villa to live in, but it can establish a natural and harmonious order and let us live in a peaceful and pleasant environment. Home, if it is a person's fortress, filial piety is the cornerstone under the fortress. More filial piety, more protection for the family. Let's use filial piety to make the family an indestructible fortress.
These rules of Disciple Rules seem ordinary, but if we earnestly implement them, it will bring joy to our parents. Things that are not sexual can be compared. You can cultivate such good manners at home now, and you will naturally get unexpected gains in the future.
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The original text of "Monk Brothers":
Brothers are friends, brothers are respectful, brothers are filial, and property is lightly resentful.
Or eat or take care of the old and young first, and then call people long, that is, call people when they are away.
Don't call your elders by their first names. Don't look at your elders. Lu Yu was ill, silent and ready to go.
It's still more than a hundred steps to dismount and get off.
Don't sit for the elders. Sitting for the elders is sitting for the elders. It's not appropriate to be quiet.
If you are near, you will retreat. Don't move if you have a problem.
Treat your father like a father and treat your brother like a brother.
Comments:
Being a brother means the way brothers get along at home and the rules of getting along with their elders. In these norms, cultivating children to be polite and know how to respect others is naturally easy to integrate into the group and be accepted by everyone. Brothers and sisters should be friendly to brothers and sisters, and brothers and sisters should respect each other, so that brothers and sisters can live in harmony, reduce conflicts and parents will be happy. There is filial piety in this harmony.
Look down on the money used outside the body and care less, so there will be no resentment between brothers; Don't speak too impulsively. If you hurt your feelings, you should be able to hold back, and then unnecessary contradictions and resentment will disappear.
In daily life, some people think that children are young, get along with their elders, and don't expect too much from them. When they grow up, they will naturally adapt and even spoil their children, giving them delicious and useful things first, so that children can take it for granted and don't know how to treat their elders politely, thus misleading children to develop bad habits. However, Disciple Rules teaches us not to neglect the virtue of cultivating comity from childhood because of the love of adults. Whether eating or drinking, please ask your elders to use it first; If you sit with your elders, ask them to sit first; If you go with your elders, let them go first.
The elders heard it when they called, so they should call for the elders. If the called person is not here, you should report back to your elders, and you can further ask your elders if they need any help.
When addressing elders, you should not call them by their first names, which is impolite; Don't show your talents in front of your elders and despise them.
When you meet your elders when you walk, you should quickly come forward to salute and say hello. If your elders don't talk to us, stand aside respectfully and let them go first. If you are riding a horse, you have to dismount when you meet an elder. If you take a bus, get off and let the elders go first. Wait about a hundred steps before getting on the bus or getting on the bus.
If the elders are still standing, young people should not sit down first. If the elders are sitting, we can only sit down if we are allowed to. Speak in a low voice in front of your elders, but the answer is too low to be heard clearly and inappropriate. Just be gentle and clear Walk quickly when you meet your elders and behave politely. Quit slowly when you leave. When the elders ask questions, they should stand up and answer, keep their eyes fixed and don't shake from side to side.
Treat uncles as respectfully as your own father, and treat brothers of the same race as kindly as your own brothers.
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"Sincerity" original:
Getting up early and going to bed late is easy to get old. At this time, you must wash your hands, rinse your mouth and urinate.
The crown must be straight, the socks must be tied, the shoes must be important, and the crown clothing must be positioned to avoid pollution.
Clothes are expensive and clean, but not expensive. According to the following points, families should not choose food, but they should not go too far.
Don't drink when you are young. Being drunk is the ugliest.
Take your time, stand up straight, bow deeply, be respectful, don't practice the threshold, don't limp, don't lean on the table, don't shake your moustache.
Open the curtain slowly, don't make any noise, turn away, don't touch the edge, hold the virtual device, such as holding the surplus into the virtual room, if someone
Don't be too busy to make mistakes, don't be afraid of difficulties, don't fight lightly, don't approach evil, and don't ask questions.
Ask who will get started, who will be saved and who will be heard in class. People ask who doesn't know me and me.
If you don't ask, it's not difficult to borrow a role in time and then borrow it urgently.
Comments:
As children, we should try to get up early and go to bed late at night, because the years of life are limited and time is easy to pass, and young people become old people in the blink of an eye, so we should cherish the precious time now.
Be sure to wash your face first, then brush your teeth and wash your hands after defecation every morning. This is a good boy who pays attention to hygiene.
Wear the right hat when going out, and button up when wearing clothes; Wear socks and shoes properly, and tie your shoelaces tightly, so that your whole body looks neat. Take off your hat and clothes in a fixed position, and don't throw them around to avoid wrinkling and soiling. Dressing is neat and tidy, not expensive and gorgeous, but according to one's status and family's economic situation.
Don't be picky about food, and eat in moderation, not too much. We are young and underage, so we shouldn't try drinking, because being drunk is the easiest way to show inappropriate words and deeds.
Walk slowly and stand up straight. Pay attention to bow deeply when saluting, and be respectful when bowing.
Don't step on the threshold when entering the door, avoid leaning forward when standing, don't spread a dustpan or look dignified and strong with your feet when sitting, and don't shake your feet or twist your hips to show your graceful posture.
Open the curtains slowly when you enter the door, try not to make any noise, stay away from the edges and corners when walking and turning, and keep a wide distance to avoid touching the edges and corners and hurting your body; Treat empty tableware as carefully as full, and enter an empty room as if you were in someone else's room.
Don't be in a hurry, you are prone to make mistakes when you are in a hurry, don't be afraid of difficulties, hesitate to retreat, and don't be sloppy. We shouldn't stay near places where fighting is easy; There is no need to ask questions about evil and bizarre things.
Before we start, ask: "Hello"? When you are about to walk into the hall, first turn up the volume to let the people in the hall know; If someone asks, "Who are you?" Say your name when you answer. If you just say "I" or "I", the other party can't hear who it is. If you want to use other people's things, you must make it clear to them in advance. If we use them without permission, it is equivalent to stealing. Return the borrowed things as soon as they are used up, and it won't be too difficult to borrow them from others when they are in urgent need. These principles of common language behavior enable us to know and act, master ourselves, make things more efficient, treat people more harmoniously, and create a harmonious environment between body and mind. If you can't do it for a while, don't be discouraged, as long as you can clearly understand the direction, agree with the enlightenment of the sages, and be willing to ponder slowly with kung fu, just as Pushi can slowly present beautiful jade.
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< letter > original:
It is better to talk less than to talk more, but it is better not to be clever.
Swearing, foul language and gossip are strictly prohibited.
Don't talk lightly about things you don't know, don't talk lightly about things you don't know, and don't make mistakes.
Where words are heavy and comfortable, don't be impatient, don't be vague, and gossiping is none of your business.
Seeing people's goodness means thinking far and wide, and gradually seeing people's evil means introspection without warning.
It's better to sharpen yourself than to learn only by virtue. If clothes are not as good as food, don't be unhappy.
I've heard of anger, fame, joy, hurting friends, but I'm afraid of being famous, I'm afraid of being overjoyed, so I forgive you for dating.
Unintentional is wrong, unintentional is wrong, no evil can be wiped out, and there will be blessings if it is covered up.
Comments:
Anyone who speaks must first pay attention to credit. Can fraud and false words always work in society? It's better to talk less than to talk more. Everything is real. Don't talk nonsense. In addition, treacherous and eloquent words, obscene and indecent words, and the common tone of rogues should be effectively removed.
Before seeing the truth of the matter, don't express your opinions easily, don't know things clearly enough, don't spread them easily, and don't agree easily. If you agree easily, you will be in a dilemma. Speak steadily and comfortably, and don't speak too fast or too fast, or speak vaguely, so that people can't hear clearly or get the wrong meaning. Others say that others are right and wrong, so don't mind your own business.
Seeing other people's good behavior, I have a good idea to keep up with him. Although there is still a long way to go, I will certainly catch up with him as long as I work hard. Whether it is a big good thing or a small good thing, we must have fantastic confidence and courage to do it. Xiaoshan should not act rashly, but should seize the opportunity to do it in time and try his best.
When you see others commit crimes, you must first reflect on yourself. If you make the same mistake, you should change it immediately. If you don't do this, you will be more vigilant not to make the same mistake.
When moral knowledge and talent are not as good as others, we should try our best to catch up. As for the clothes we wear and the food we eat, we don't have to worry or be depressed.
I get angry when people say I'm wrong, and I'm happy when I praise them. In this way, there will be more and more bad friends, and sincere and beneficial friends will not dare to be with us. If I hear others praise me, I will first reflect on myself, for fear that I will not have these advantages, but become a hollow reputation; When I hear others criticize my mistake, but I accept it gladly, then the more honest people like to be close to us.
If you don't do something wrong on purpose, it's called fault; If you knowingly commit a crime, it is a crime. If you accidentally make a mistake, you will change less and less if you are brave enough to correct it, and you will gradually become innocent. If you deliberately cover up your mistakes, there is another crime of covering up.
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The original text of Pan-Love:
Everyone must love the sky and share it with others.
Those who walk tall are famous for their high looks, while tall and talented people expect arrogant people to offer something, but they don't talk big.
If you can have it, you will not be selfish; if you can have it, you will not despise it; if you are rich, you will not be flattering; if you are poor, you will not be arrogant; if you are new, you will not like it.
Don't disturb or talk when others are not idle.
Don't expose people's shortcomings, and don't say that kindness means that the more you know, the more you think.
Publicizing others' evil is not only a catastrophe of evil diseases, but also a good deed, persuasion and forbearance.
Whoever is more expensive from what, who should take more and take less, ask yourself first, and do it quickly if you don't want to.
If you want to repay kindness, forget to repay kindness. It's been a long time.
Be kind and generous when your servant is expensive, or persuade others to be speechless.
Comments:
Caring for the public, like heaven and earth, is absolutely selfless. Good people, bad people, smart people, stupid people, precious people, poor people and racial boundaries are all pure kindness, not for fame and fortune. It is a great harmony realm of "Great Harmony in Heaven and Great Harmony in Earth".
Everyone is a gentleman who loves the masses. He has the idea that I am a family with someone, so he is willing to put aside his selfishness and care about the masses. If we learn to be kind to others everywhere, improve morality, maintain character and learn all kinds of talents in depth, I believe we can also make a cause that benefits the masses.
People with high moral character naturally have high prestige, and people admire virtue, not whether they are outstanding in appearance; People with great talents naturally have great prestige, and people are impressed by real talents, not just expressing their opinions.
Don't be selfish and conservative about what you are capable of doing; When you see that others are talented, praise them more, and don't belittle them because of jealousy.
Don't flatter the rich and seek glory; Don't show arrogance to the poor, don't abandon relatives and old friends, and don't blindly like new people and new friends. Confucius, the most holy teacher, taught us that the poor can enjoy themselves more morally than flattery, while the rich not only do not hinder others with pride, but also respect the public with courtesy. Poverty and wealth are just different lifestyles. We should learn etiquette to enrich our talents, give full play to the benevolence of others and me, and create a happy society of "being poor means being happy, and being rich means being polite".
If someone else has something to do and is too busy, don't bother him with things; The other person is physically and mentally unstable, so we won't interfere with him with gossip. Never expose other people's shortcomings. If others have secrets that they don't want people to know, we shouldn't tell them.
Praising the good deeds of others is equivalent to doing good deeds by yourself, because the other party will be more encouraged to do good deeds when they know it; To preach the sins of others is tantamount to doing evil by yourself. If you hate them too much, it will bring disaster. Doing good deeds can encourage each other, and both people can build good virtues. If they make a mistake and don't convince each other, both sides will leave defects in their behavior.
When dealing with people in property, we should distinguish clearly and unambiguously. In other words, property is generous to Dobusch only when it is with others; Take less of other people's property; If you have something to entrust or talk to someone, ask yourself whether you like it or not, and stop immediately if you don't like it.
Others are kind to me, and I should always want to repay him; If you accidentally make an enemy with someone, you should ask others for forgiveness and forget the hatred as soon as possible. The shorter the time you complain, the better, but the intention to repay you will last forever. Pay attention to your behavior when you treat your maids and servants, and don't be frivolous. If you can be kind and generous, it will be more perfect. Power can make people obey, although they dare not resist on the surface, but they don't think so in their hearts. Only by influencing each other with reason can people be convinced without complaining.
Although few people use maid servants now, the relationship between superiors and subordinates can still be seen everywhere. Let's learn from the fraternity of benevolent gentlemen, think more about the public and build a warm society of mutual concern and understanding.
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The original "Love":
The same people are different, vulgar and benevolent, and many people dare not say it or compliment it.
It's good to be kind, but bad if you're not kind.
Comments:
They are all people, but the categories are not necessarily neat. Generally speaking, the layman who goes with the flow accounts for the majority, and there are very few people with kindness. For a true benevolent, everyone naturally respects him. A benevolent person will not deliberately conceal and distort the facts when he speaks, nor will he deliberately flatter others. People who can get close to benevolence will get unlimited benefits from learning from him, their moral character will naturally improve and their mistakes will be reduced. Those who refuse to get close to the benevolent will do a lot of harm, and the villain will take advantage of it and surround himself, and things will be ruined.
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The original "Li Yu Wen Xue":
If you don't practice, you will learn to be flashy, and if you don't practice, you will be ignorant.
There are three ways to read: you should read with your heart, not worship.
Forgiveness is the limit, and hard work is the limit. When you are in doubt, you will use your notes to ask the correct meaning.
A few examples of clean walls and clean rooms: clean pens and inkstones, inappropriate words, disrespect for heart and disease.
There is a fixed place to read ancient books, although there are urgent volumes and defects in the repaired places, but make up for them.
Don't treat us as clever and wicked, don't give up on ourselves, and don't give up on sages.
Comments:
Filial piety, filial piety, sincerity, faithfulness, universal love for the masses and kindness are duties that should be performed diligently, but they refuse to practice and only learn and explore in knowledge. This is the easiest way to form illusory and flashy habits, so how can they become really useful people? On the other hand, if we only pay attention to gravity and refuse to learn knowledge, it is easy to cling to our own views and not conform to the truth, which is not our proper attitude.
Nowadays, it is popular to vilify sages, doubt the ancients and despise the ethical road. In recent years, basic filial piety has been especially regarded as outdated. Although everyone has the intention of reforming social chaos and has spent a lot of manpower and material resources to advocate it, the concept of ethics has been forgotten for too long, making it impossible to rectify social order. Confucius once pointed out: "A gentleman with determination, self-reliance and kindness should learn all kinds of knowledge extensively, and then use etiquette to restrain his words and deeds. Such a gentleman with knowledge and etiquette will not go too far. " Disciples' rules concretize the content of the ceremony. As long as you practice according to disciple rules and learn all kinds of classics and life knowledge, you will have lofty wisdom and courage to practice. People who have both wisdom and courage will certainly not deviate from the right path. The right road is a straight road, and they will soon reach their goal.
Reading methods should pay attention to three aspects, namely, heart, eyes and mouth. These three things should be done seriously. When you are reading this paragraph, don't think about other paragraphs. You haven't finished reading this paragraph. Don't jump to another paragraph because you are not interested or curious, but look here and there, not sure, step by step. When reading, there should be norms. There should be a relatively ample time limit for reading a book or a course. However, you can't wait until the time limit is approaching just because you have extra time. If you are in a hurry, you will delay things. Therefore, you should study hard as soon as it is standardized.
When you encounter a place that is difficult to get through, you should concentrate on your research. As long as you work hard, you will naturally understand. This is the so-called book reading a thousand times, and its significance is self-evident. If you have questions and you still can't understand them after repeated thinking, just write them down with a pen and ask the relevant teachers for advice. You must get the right answer before you can let it go.
The study should be kept simple and tidy, the surrounding walls should be kept clean, the desk should be kept clean, the pens and inkstones used should be placed neatly, and the inkstones should be polished. If the ink stick is flattened, it is not intentional. If the writing is casual and unfair, it is that your husband is ill. Put the classic books in a fixed place and put them back in their original place immediately after reading them. Even if there is an emergency, you must tidy them up before you leave. When books are damaged, they should be repaired immediately to keep them intact. You love books, and books love you. You have a respect for them, a respect leads to a harvest, and a great respect leads to a great harvest.
If it is not a book that conveys the truth of sages, we should throw it aside and ignore it, because improper things in the book will blind our wisdom and ruin our pure ambition.
Don't be conceited and don't give up on yourself. Although the realm of sages is high, everyone can achieve it one step at a time. When we are young and ignorant, we can cultivate sages if we use appropriate teaching materials and cooperate with excellent environment to cultivate learning. The truth in Disciples' Rules is the teachings of the saints. Filial piety is the first priority when going forward, younger brother is the first when going out, sincerity and trustworthiness, love for the masses, kindness and spare no effort to study literature, starting from the ethics in daily life and extending to schools and society through family, can best cultivate the character of a gentleman. Therefore, this book should be read carefully and repeatedly, go deep into the heart, as a mirror of personal reflection, and point to behavior with a pointer.