▼ Greater Shanghai Plan
1. Basic summary
1927 In July, Shanghai Special City was formally established. Two years later, China people's own Shanghai Municipal Government decided to implement the "Great Shanghai Plan" and build a new downtown to limit the development of the concession. This is a plan made by the government of the Republic of China to build a new Shanghai during its stay in the mainland, which was adopted at the 23rd meeting of the Shanghai Special Municipal Government in July 1929. In the planning, about 7,000 mu of land in the northeast of Shanghai, north of Xiangyin Road, south of Zhayin Road and east of Songhu Road, has been designated as the new downtown area of Shanghai. Dr Natalie of the University of Paris I, who studies the architectural history of Shanghai, once said that according to the archives of the foreign ministries of western powers at that time, the colonial government was very afraid of this "Great Shanghai Plan" and thought it was a siege of the concession. At that time, a political district, a commercial district and a residential district were planned in this remote place in Shanghai, and a Chinese-style municipal government building, library and stadium were built. Five radial trunk roads were built, connecting Wusong Port in the north, Qiujiang Wharf in the east, Railway Wharf in the west, Gongxian Concession in the south and Bund in the southwest. This plan imitates Chicago, Washington and other cities, and is characterized by a number of straight roads radiating from the city center. The name of Wujiaochang comes from this.
The road names in Wujiaochang area can reflect the "Great Shanghai Plan" at that time. According to the plan, at that time, the general manager will build 1 1 roads with the word "China", 10 roads with the word "min", 10 roads with the word "country" and 9 roads with the word "business".
The years have changed and the situation has changed. Due to the Japanese invasion of China, the project was forced to stop several times. 1937 after the battle of Songhu, the plan was forced to stop, but the Japanese army had a special liking for it. 1938+00, the newly formulated Shanghai Urban Plan is also based on the Greater Shanghai Plan, adding more pro-Japanese contents. Later 1945 Japan surrendered and the "Greater Shanghai Plan" was not implemented. At that time, the city government building was forgotten in the lush grass of the Institute of Physical Education. So Wujiaochang has been a dead corner of the city for many years.
It was not until the arrival of 2 1 century that Jiangwan-Wujiaochang finally began to completely transform into a veritable Shanghai sub-center and a high-end flagship business center in northern Shanghai, full of prosperity and streamers.
2. Planned economy
According to Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Outline for the Founding of the People's Republic of China, the Shanghai Special Municipal Government adopted the Plan for Greater Shanghai at its 23rd meeting in July 1929, and designated the northeast area of Jiangwan Wujiaochang as the new central area of Shanghai. The project of this plan started construction in the first half of 1930, and a series of roads were built in a farmland. With the new government building as the center, stadiums, libraries, museums, municipal hospitals, health laboratories, National Conservatory of Music, radio stations, China Aviation Association and other buildings have been built. A few years later, Lu Xu built an amazing new city in Shanghai, which was far away from another city center in the concession.
Old Shanghai Special Town Hall Building A: Today's Shanghai Institute of Physical Education and Shanghai Museum B: Today's Changhai Hospital and Shanghai Library C: Today's Tongji Middle School constitutes a magnificent theme building, which is a rare China palace-style building with reinforced concrete structure in China and the most advanced government office building at that time. The old building faces south, and the museum and library are separated by a distance of about 1 km. In the early days of liberation, the supply and marketing cooperatives in new urban areas were established, with 34 16 farmers as shareholders. Factories and universities have set up consumer cooperatives. 1954, Jiangwan District Supply and Marketing Cooperative set up a number of bamboo scaffolding stores in Xiangyin Road West, and after dealing in department stores, cotton-padded clothes, hardware, cigarettes and sugar, they formed corner shops on Xiangyin Road and Songhu Road. 1955 The state-run Songhu Hotel at No.85 Songhu Road was completed, and the corner shops on Songhu Road and Handan Road were formed, becoming the embryonic form of a commercial group centered around the island. During the period of 1956, during the climax of socialist transformation of private businesses, 420 private stores were approved to engage in public-private partnerships or participate in cooperative stores. After 1978, with the reform and opening up, the flow of people in the region increased. After 1987, the "tertiary industry" of the society around the island developed. By the end of 1990, * * had 53 stores. Commercial area 1 1287 square meters, capital 74 19300 yuan, employees 153 1 person.
However, the reform and opening up did not bring prosperity to Wujiaochang. Even until the end of the 20th century, standing in the center of Wujiaochang, the layout of houses was still messy, crowded and noisy. However, when you enter the nearby shops and shopping malls, you only see a lot of middle and low-grade goods, which are similar and mixed. Wujiaochang was once a symbol of the "Lower Branch Corner" area north of Suzhou River in the eyes of old Shanghai. The new century has awakened Wujiaochang. With being positioned as the sub-center of Shanghai, Wujiaochang has a new dream: to build a smart sub-center with the organic integration of history and times, the coordinated development of knowledge and industry, and the characteristics of science and education services; Share the public service function of Shanghai Central Business District and serve Northeast China. The word "wisdom" explains Wujiaochang's pursuit of "this life": with the help of talents, scientific research and knowledge-intensive advantages, the city function is redefined as "high-tech industry", and the layout is made in the name of "creating wisdom", and it is committed to building a market with functions of science and technology, property rights and information exchange. The rebirth of Wujiaochang means that the name "the next corner" will never return.
Wujiaochang is not only one of the top ten commercial centers in Shanghai, but also one of the sub-centers of the four major cities. By the end of 20 10, the commercial volume has completely surpassed Xujiahui. Wujiaochang's rising high-grade commercial buildings will also make it the next CBD center in Shanghai.