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The origin of the surname rice
Basic introduction

Mi surname is a surname in China. There are six explanations about the origin of Mi surname: one is that Mi surname originated from an official position in the two-week period; One said that the secret surname came from the descendants of ancient Shun; First, the surname Mi comes from the descendants of Mi Fei of Chu State in the pre-Qin period; One said that Mi's surname came from Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Mi's surname was changed in Chinese. One said that Mi's surname came from the Hui nationality and changed his surname. It is said that Mi's surname came from Manchu sinicization and changed his surname.

Mi surname-the origin of surname

Mi Fei, a painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, verified that Mi's surname originated from Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Formerly known as rice, it was later changed to homophonic rice.

In addition, there is another Mi country in the Western Regions (Samarkand, now southwest of Uzbekistan), which was attacked by Xiongnu in the Han Dynasty and moved to China, and became a vassal state of China in the Tang Dynasty. Later, he gradually moved to the Central Plains, and later generations took the country name as their surname.

The first origin: from official position

The first origin: from the official position, from the two-week period, it belongs to the official title as the surname.

Scheeren, also known as Mi and Su Shi, was an official post set up in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The leading official is Scheeren, whose official name is Scheeren, commonly known as Mi's Order and Su's Order. His subordinates are two Cheng, two Shi and six disciples, serving several people. The main responsibility is to be in charge of the national treasury, which is under the jurisdiction of local government departments and is one of the important ministers of the Zhou Dynasty. It is recorded in the classic "Li Zhou Di Guan": "Sheren is in charge of the difference between rice and millet. Rice grain, nine grains and six meters. Those who have nine valleys and six meters, including millet, millet, rice, sorghum, water chestnut and soybean, have rice, while hemp, adzuki bean and wheat have no rice, so the cloud has nine valleys and six meters. " Among the descendants of Scheeren, there are those who take their ancestors' official titles as their surnames and are handed down from generation to generation, called Mi's and Su's, such as Su Yu, the founding general.

The second origin: from Yao's surname.

The second source: from Yao surname, from ancient times. Belongs to the ancestral scientific name.

Shun Di, the legendary ancient emperor, was also called Zhong Hua because his eyes had two pupils, because Shun Di was born in Youyu tribe and was a big family of the Yellow Emperor. Later, it gradually moved south to Shandong, and many branches were derived. He is also a successful student. The State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period called it "Mibu". From the source, "the filial piety of Emperor Jade made Tibet prosperous." The classic "Zhou Yu" explains: "If you want to borrow the southeast, hide it." Yu, Yu. A sacred warehouse, which grows in the southeast. Zhong, let's get together. For the land borrowed from Tibet, for the sake of prosperity. "Sheng is the grain in the ritual vessels. In later generations, comparing talents to "wealth" passed down from generation to generation shows that the ancestors of Huaxia valued the cultivation of talents more than their own lives, so the cultivation of talents, such as Mimi, was recorded in the genealogy one year after the children entered school. In the later dynasties, especially before the official establishment of the imperial examination system in Sui Dynasty, many people with Jinshi qualifications took their own identities as their surnames, and their origins were complicated.

The third origin: from the surname of Mi.

The third origin: from the Mi surname, from the descendants of Chu in the pre-Qin period, belonging to the Yin surname.

Mi Fei was a famous painter and calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, claiming to be a descendant of Chu in the pre-Qin period, whose real name was Mi. He used to be a school book lang, a doctor of calligraphy and painting, and a foreign minister of the Ministry of Rites. He is good at poetry, calligraphy, seal cutting, official script, regular script, cursive script and so on. And he is good at copying ancient calligraphy, reaching a chaotic level. At first, Ou Yangxun and Liu Gongquan learned strict fonts and strong strokes. Later, they studied with Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, their bodies developed and their brushwork became vigorous and powerful. They call themselves "calligraphy", and they are called the four great calligraphers in Song Dynasty with Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and Cai Xiang. His paintings are good at dead wood and bamboo stones, especially ink and wash landscapes. It is very creative to express the changing landscape in the south of the Yangtze River with ink and wash brushwork, and it is called the Yunshan of Clouds. My calligraphy, painting and poetry are the best in the world, but I always feel that my surname has too many strokes, so I changed my surname to the homonym "Mi". His descendants accepted this example, and they all took Mi as their surname and called Mi's, which was passed down from generation to generation.

Fourth place of origin: from foreign countries.

The fourth origin: originated from foreign countries, from the rice-growing countries in the western regions during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, belonging to the Chinese name of the country.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Deng said in "Discrimination of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times": "Mi, a person from the Western Region, entered China and thought it was his surname." In "The surname is urgent", he said: "My surname is Hu. Tang Mifeng, Mi Sui, Jimmy, Mi Shi and Mi Hai Wan; Mijun of the Five Dynasties was determined to be sincere; Song Mixin, Mai Po, Mi Yun, Mi Fei, Zi Youren. I think Michaelis is my fault. I have a surname again, and the Tangut has a rice bird family. " Shao Si also said in "Three Volumes of Family Names": "Rice is also the surname of Hu people, and there is a country of rice in the south today." It can be known that Mi's family originated from the secret country in the Western Regions, and the secret country was first known to China in the Sui Dynasty. Mi's family originated from Mi's country in the western regions, and flooded in after the middle Tang Dynasty, and gradually became China.

The fifth origin: from the Hui nationality.

The fifth origin: from the Hui nationality, belonging to the sinicization and surname change.

(1) The Mi family of the Hui nationality mainly originated from the Mi family who lived in comfortable villages in the western regions since ancient times. Mijia originally lived in Zhaowu City and was one of the "Nine Surnames of Zhaowu". Han Dynasty belonged to Xiongnu, moved to Amu Darya River and Syr Darya River in Central Asia, and later established Mi State. After Mi people entered China in the Tang Dynasty, their descendants took the country name as their surname and called it Mi people.

(2) In the Central Plains, the Hui people took Mi as their surname.

(3) In the Yuan Dynasty, Mi Kaian, a native of Datong, Shanxi, joined Zhu Yuanzhang in Ming Hongwu for six years. The following year, he was transferred to Shaowuxu, Fujian, and settled in Shaowu until he resigned in his later years, becoming the ancestor of today's Mihui people in Fujian.

The sixth origin: from Manchu.

The sixth origin: it originated from Manchu language and belongs to the sinicization of changing the surname into the surname.

According to historical records, "Eight Banners Ruled Together" and "Qing Dynasty Ruled Together, with a simple clan and Manchu Eight Banners surname":

(1) Manchu Mijia, whose Manchu language is Mijiyahala, was originally Han nationality. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was taken by the Wuhuan Department of Xianbei in Liaodong and merged into Xianbei. Later, it gradually evolved into a Liaodong jurchen who lived in Xiangping, and the surname of the Han Dynasty was Mi.

(2) The Manchu Miza nationality originated from Nuzhen, Gualecha, and the Manchu language is Migahala, living in Gualcha, and the surname of the Han nationality in Duoguan was Mi.

(3) The Manchu Sokahala, which means "willing to plant seasonal rice" in Chinese, lives in Wula and Hada, and the surname of Mi in the later Han Dynasty.

Mi surname-migration distribution

Mi surname county sees Liaoyang county.

Mi surname is a multi-ethnic and multi-source surname. As of June 5438+October 2009 10, Mi's surname ranked second10 in China, with a population of about 529,000, accounting for 0.033% of the total population of China. According to the Northern Song Dynasty painter Mi Fei's own textual research, Mi Fei originated from Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. But apart from Mi Fei's own "textual research", there is no similar record in the history books. According to the Book of Tang Dynasty, "Mi" is one of the nine surnames of Zhaowu. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there was a Kangguo in Shaowucheng, north of Qilian Mountain (Linze County, Gansu Province, China), which was defeated by Xiongnu and moved to Central Asia (Bukhara and Uzbekistan, China), and nine small countries including An, Cao, He, Kang, Shi, Huo Xun and E were established. Among them, the United States is in the southwest of Samarkand in Uzbekistan. During the Yonghui period in Tang Gaozong, the "Nine Surnames of Zhaowu" successively belonged to the mainland, including the "Mi" family. His compatriots settled and multiplied in the Central Plains, taking the Chinese character "Mi" as their surname. The Mi family later developed into an aristocratic family dominated by Longxi County, known as Longxi King in the world.

Mi surname-Jun Wangtang number. Jingzhao

Jingzhao: Also known as Jingzhao County and Jingzhao Yin, in fact, "Jingzhao" is not a county, but the title of the regional administrative region where the central government is located, and "Yin" is its satrap. In the first year of the Western Han Dynasty, the right literature and history was changed to Jing, which was one of the three assistants and ruled Chang 'an. In the first year of Cao in the Three Kingdoms, Jing Zhaoyin changed to Jing Zhaojun to govern Chang 'an. At that time, the jurisdiction was north of Qinling Mountain in Shaanxi Province, east of xi City, south of Weihe River to hua county. In the second year of Cao Wei and Huang, the emperor named Qin Gong, and Jingzhao County named Qin. In the third year of Cao Wei and Huang, it was renamed Jing Zhaoguo. Beiyang government changed Shuntianfu to Jingzhao place and the magistrate to Jingzhaoyin, which was in line with the meaning of "Jingzhao" before the Jin Dynasty. When the government of the Republic of China was founded, the name of "Jingzhao" was abolished.

longxi county

Longxi County: During the Warring States Period, it was a county in the 28th year of Qin Dynasty (Jiazi, 279 BC). Named after its location in the west of Longshan, it is located in Didao (Lintao County, Gansu Province). At that time, it was located in the middle reaches of Taohe River to the east of dongxiang county, the upper reaches of Weihe River to the west of Wushan, the upper reaches of Xihanshui River to the north of Lixian and the eastern part of Tianshan City, including Lanzhou City, Lintao County, Changgong County and Tianshan City in Gansu Province. During the Western Han Dynasty, its jurisdiction was in the middle reaches of Taohe River east of dongxiang county, the upper reaches of Weihe River west of Wushan, the upper reaches of the Western Han Dynasty north of Lixian and the eastern part of Tianshan City. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei moved to Wu Xiang (Longxi, Gansu). During the Northern Wei Dynasty, the jurisdiction was in Longxi County, Gansu Province.

High average

Gaoping County: Originally Gaoping County (Guyuan, Ningxia), in the first year of Taishi in the Western Jin Dynasty, Shanyang County was changed to Gaoping County in the Han Dynasty, and Changyi (Juye, Shandong) administered seven counties including Juye, Jinxiang, Jiaxiang, Yanzhou, Yutai and Zouxian in Shandong. The county was founded in Han Dynasty, Sixteen States and Northern Wei Dynasty. The Northern Zhou Dynasty was changed to Gao Ping County (Guyuan, Ningxia). In the Han Dynasty, it was called "the first city in Gaoping", and it was said that it was dangerous and strong. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, military towns and counties were set up in this area, which was called Gaoping. The Southern Song Dynasty moved to Gaoping (Weishan, Shandong Province), and the Northern Qi Dynasty moved to Rencheng (Jining, Shandong Province), which was abandoned in the early years of the Sui Dynasty.

liaoyang county

Liaoyang County: that is, Liaoyang, whose name started from Xiaoliaoshui, "the water in the north is called Yang". Liaoyang in Han Dynasty was named Liaoyang because it was located in the north of Xiaoliao River. Liaoyang is the oldest city in Liaoning Province. Liaoyang City belonged to Liaodong County of Yan State during the Warring States Period and was ruled by Xiang Ping. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of Liaodong County in Youzhou. The Western Jin Dynasty belongs to Pingzhou, Liaodong County. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yan Qian, Prelude and Houyan established a separatist regime, which still belonged to Liaodong County. From Beiyan to Sui Dynasty, it was carved up by Koguryo. During the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to the capital of Anton. The old system was still in use during the Kuomintang occupation. After 1949, cities and counties divided and ruled, belonging to Liaodong province. 1954 belongs to Liaoning province. 1958 cities and counties merged into Liaoyang city and belonged to Anshan city. 196 1 year, the city and county were separated and still belonged to Anshan city. 1966 was changed to a municipality under the jurisdiction of Liaoning province. 1968 cities and counties merged into Liaoyang city, which is still a provincial city.

Nanyang county

Nanyang County: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were many areas called Nanyang. Nanyang mentioned by Lu refers to the land south of Mount Tai and north of Wenshui. Nanyang in Shanxi refers to the area south of Taihang and north of the Yellow River. During the Warring States Period, a part of Nanyang in Wei State belonged to South Korea, and it was also called Nanyang to the south of Funiu Mountain and to the north of Hanshui River, belonging to Korea and Chu State. In the thirty-fifth year of Xianggong in Zhao Haoqi, Qin established Nanyang County and Wancheng (Nanyang, Henan) for Qin to seize the land of Chu. Since then, the general of Qin attacked South Korea in vain, and captured Nanyang in the forty-fourth year of Xianggong, leaving South Korea from Shangdang County. Nanyang county governed 26 counties in Han dynasty. At that time, its jurisdiction was in most areas between Ye County, south of Xiong 'er Mountain in Henan Province, and Yun County, north of Dahongshan Mountain in Hubei Province, and then gradually narrowed. The emperor was deposed in three years, and the great cause of the Sui Dynasty was reinstated in three years. In the early Tang Dynasty, he was deposed. In the early years of Tang Tianbao, Nanyang County in Dengzhou was changed to Liangrang County (Dengxian County, Henan Province). During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Nanyang was ruled by the government, namely Wanxian in Han Dynasty and Nanyang in Henan Province, China.

The name of a hall

Hall number:

Longxi Hall: Building a Hall with Hope.

Jingzhao Hall: Building a hall is expected.

Gaopingtang: Building a Temple with Hope.

Liaoyang Guild Hall: Building Guild Hall with Hope.

Nanyang Hall: Building a Hall with Hope.

Lumentang: July, a member of the Ritual Department of Song Dynasty, was named "Lumen Jushi".

Baojintang: Mi Yuanzhang is too clean and lives in Baojinzhai.

Haiyuezhai: Mi Yuanzhang, also known as Mi Nangong, is also known as the "Four Masters" with Calligraphy, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and Cai Xiang, hence the name "Overseas History of Haiyue".

Family pedigree

Mi's Genealogy in Xinmi, Henan Province, (Modern) Mi Bao Quandeng, 1997 Computer typesetting offset edition. Until June 5438+ 10, 2009, it was still collected in China Family Tree Network.

Tri-genealogy of Zuowa, Qiqihugang, Kaifeng, Henan Province,

Xinzhou Mi family tree, (modern) Mi, Mi Xiu, 1998 computer typesetting offset edition. Until June 5438+ 10, 2009, it was still collected in China Family Tree Network.

In the twenty-five years of the Republic of China (A.D. 1936), the Mi family tree of Hui people in Tai 'an, Shandong Province was written. Until June 5438 +2009 10, it was still collected by Zhao Jinduo, a teacher of the Political Theory Teaching and Research Section of jinan military area command Army College.

Stone Shoushu of Ye Mi Hall, Nanhai, Guangdong Province, edited by Ye Bijun (Republic of China), woodcut movable type printed in the 28th year of the Republic of China (AD 1939). Until June 5438 +2009 10, it was still collected in the National Library of new york.

The author of Three Branches of Denghe Mishan Temple is to be tested. During the Republic of China, Nanyang Pavilion printed three volumes of woodcut movable type. By the end of June 5438 +2009 10, only the second volume, the seventh volume and the tenth volume were left.

Word generation ranking

In Qihe County, Shandong Province, the word "Mi" stands for "a scholar grows up and cares for him, and is wise with virtue".

The secrets of Qufu, Yanzhou, Chenxi, Xinhua, Xupu and Mayang in Shandong: "Zuzeguang Zhao Yun is a long-term inheritor of the family, and his filial piety is based on ethics and must be pure and respectful. Zhang Ru's way of being a sage is developed, Qi Jiaxiang follows Xu and Wu Xiuxiu, and his career is far-reaching and faithful. "

The word generation of Renmi in Yongshun, Hunan Province: "Xian Chengxin".

A word from Hunan Mijia said: "The country is in the right place, the government and the people are in harmony, and Anren Xianqing's ancestors live a long life."

Chuan-E Xuan En Mi Zi Dai: "Zuzeguang, Zhao Yuanren, has a long history of being virtuous, filial to his family, and has the knowledge of publishing books."

The ancestors of various branches

Mi Hongya: His ancestral home is Ba Yinxing Village, Taipingzhuang Town, Qufu County, Yanzhou, Shandong Province. His great-grandson Mi Hongya and his four brothers were recruited in Song Huizong. After that, all the princes returned to Hunan, and only Miaya stayed in Hunan. Founded in Anhongyuan, a leading town in Yonghe Township, Chenxi County, it is distributed in various counties in western Hunan. The Mi family in Chenxi has been a literary family since Jialong, such as Mi Wanzhong and Weng Anling. Rice helps the country, and the apocalypse is Jinshi; Mi Zhao Yi paid tribute during Chongzhen period, which was handed down from generation to generation. Mi Yuanya, a juren in Chongzhen, wrote three volumes of Luo Ji, ten volumes of Poetry and two volumes of Poetry. Dong is handed down from generation to generation with "Full Bamboo Garden Collection".

Michaohu: In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368), Chen Xi chose to live in Jiaya (now Wentang Town) in Tianpingmi, Xinhua. Gave birth to three sons, namely Fu, Lu and Shou. Longevity is the ancestor, authentic and upright, with three rooms. Descendants are distributed in Xinhua, Huaihua, Yuanling, Longhui and Dongkou. The displacement is the same as that of the morning mie, and the spectrum is the same as that of the morning mie. It is the ancestor of Michaelis in Xinhua, Hunan.

Mi Tian Ming: He moved from Chenxi, Hunan Province to Xupu County in the early Ming Dynasty, and now he mainly lives in Badoulong, Mijiazhuang, Hupixi and Hueryan. It is the ancestor of Mijiazhuang in Xupu, Hunan.

Mi Lu Jun: He moved to Hupi River in Xupu, Hunan.

Mi Shiliang: He moved to Hueryan, Xupu, Hunan.

Mi surname-couplet allusion

The four-character universal couplet of Mi's ancestral hall: Dr. Xiangyang; Changtong Staff-The first couplet refers to Mi Fei, a calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty, a doctor in Xiangyang and an official in Haiyue. The second couplet refers to Mi Fang, a writer in the Tang Dynasty.

The five-character universal couplet of Mi's ancestral hall: pine is lighter than stone; The love of cranes is high-this couplet is an inscription for the painter Mi in the early Qing Dynasty.

Mi's ancestral hall has seven words and ten thousand couplets: the scenery of the silver building and the mountains is gathered; Zhuoyan Fish in Mochi, Long Yin-This couplet is for Migong Temple in Fancheng, Xiangfan City, Hubei Province. Migong Temple is located in the southwest corner of Fancheng, Xiangfan City, also known as Mijia 'an, and was built in memory of Mifei, a painter and painter in the Song Dynasty.

Mi's ancestral hall has more than eight characters: dripping calligraphy, a pen that lasts forever; Charming, gathering in the sea to observe the sky, graceful-the first couplet refers to Mi Fei, a calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty. The second couplet refers to Mi Youren, a direct bachelor of Fu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Mi Feizi, who is good at calligraphy and painting, with the world number "Xiaomi".

Mi surname-historical celebrity

Mi Fei: First name Fu, word stamp,No. Xiangyang Man, Haiyue Waishi; Originally from Shanxi, he moved to Xiangyang, calling himself Wu, and settled in Runzhou. Famous painter and painting theorist in Northern Song Dynasty.

Mi Youren: Yin Ren, also known as Xiaomi, was a famous painter in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Milla sound: Hui nationality; A native of Ganzhou, Gansu, was a famous leader of the Hui uprising in the early Qing Dynasty.

Mi Wanzhong: the word friend stone, the word bog, the word deep, the descendants of Mi Fei; Born in Shuntian and living in Yanjing, he was a famous painter in Ming Dynasty.

Mi: Qing Dynasty, the grandson of Mi; Yan Jing was a famous painter and calligrapher in Qing Dynasty.

Mishan: Manchu, Fu Cha; Manchu people holding yellow flags. Grandfather of the famous Qianlong emperor filial piety queen in Qing Dynasty.

Mi Wenhe: a famous general of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army, 18 1 division commander.