Question 2: How to understand that Goethe did not create Faust, but Faust created Goethe? Literally, Jung seems to regard Goethe as "Goethe's consciousness", while Faust is a book, which he understands as matter. Matter determines consciousness, and consciousness reacts on matter. This is the basic theory, so it seems a bit wrong to engage in dialectical mechanical materialism. Because "Goethe's consciousness" is still embodied by Goethe's brain, which is material. Although Faust is a book, it is a reflection of Goethe's consciousness. So the theory of the origin of matter has not changed.
Further thinking, Jung may also understand that "Goethe" created by Faust is known as "Goethe". We don't know that Goethe created Goethe before Faust. Jung may understand "Goethe" as "Goethe who embodies the value of life" here, so he didn't let "Goethe" before Faust be a Goethe who didn't embody the value of life. It is because of the appearance of Faust that Goethe's life value can be embodied and known to the world. Therefore, the subtext of "Faust created Goethe" may be "Faust created Goethe, which is known to the world and embodies its life value".
Goethe created Faust. Goethe in Faust is an unknown Goethe.
Question 3: Goethe said, "If you like your own value, you have to create value for the world." This sentence shows [] A. The value of life C.
Question 4: What is behind Goethe's saying that "human beings divide culture into many boundaries with their clever eyes"? Yu quoted such a sentence in "Where to Go in Datang": "Humans draw boundaries with wisdom, and finally tear them down with love."
Question 5: Who is Goethe? Goethe
1. Goethe and his business
1.
Johann wolfgang von goethe, 1749- 1832.
Goethe was born in Frankfurt, Germany, and his family was well-off. He was influenced by literature since childhood, but he had various interests. In addition to poetry, drama and novels, he is also a scientist, who has made achievements in anatomy and botany, but his main energy is still writing.
1774, Goethe's romantic novel Young Werther came out, which caused a sensation in the literary world and made him famous in the European literary world. Goethe's most famous work is Faust, which is also a poetic drama full of philosophical meaning. It describes the story of a man who still believes in justice and kindness despite repeated setbacks. Faust is divided into two parts, the first part and the second part. It took 60 years from conception to completion. Poetic drama reflects the great spirit of human pursuit of the meaning of life. Because this book established Goethe's lofty position in the history of world literature.
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There is a small and exquisite library in Goethe's home. On one occasion, he took a book of poetry from the shelf, and just wanted to read it, his father took it away. His father said to him, "This is forbidden poetry." You are not allowed to read it. From now on, no matter what I ask you to learn, no matter what you learn, you must obey the rules. 」
One morning, Goethe sneaked into the library while his father was not looking, picked up the banned poem and read it. Not only did he watch it himself, but he also showed it to his sister. He plays the devil in the poem, his sister plays other roles, and the two recite, read and absorb. Their father was having a haircut at that time. Goethe retreated vigorously, his voice changed from low to high, forgetting where his father was; With a loud cry, his sister stepped forward and grabbed the brother who was playing the devil. Scared that the barber knocked over the washbasin and buckled it on his father. The secret of reading "forbidden poetry" was exposed, and Goethe was reprimanded, but he was very happy.
In Weimar Park, Goethe walked on a narrow path that only one person could pass, and a critic who once belittled all his works came face to face. Both of them stopped, and the critic said proudly, "I will never make way for fools!" " 」
"I am just the opposite." Goethe stood by with a smile.
2. About Goethe
Liu Zili
A few years ago, the author attended an academic seminar on the 250th anniversary of Goethe's birth in Kunming, and was fortunate to listen to the recent research on Goethe by Chinese and foreign scholars. Although he is a layman, he still has ideological fluctuations. Goethe phenomenon, using the tradition of rational thinking of Chengde people, aims to pursue a huge ideological system to solve the problems of human survival and development (at least in Europe). Of course, the connotation of this existence refers to the survival and development of culture. As far as Goethe and the system of development are concerned, some scholars have pointed out that its basic points can be summarized as a three-dimensional world, namely, God, man and demon. Generally speaking, human existence can reach heaven through struggle according to God's will. On the other hand, if you merge with the devil and degenerate into sensual pleasure, you will fall into hell. Therefore, people's affairs should not indulge in the perceptual stage, but have a Platonic transcendence, that is, a spiritual belonging.
And this kind of "spiral rise" similar to Hegel often gives up the pursuit of human subjectivity and reaches the "absolute spirit" As far as its stage theory is concerned, human beings can surpass non-human beings-this is really a shackle-before they can achieve alienation (although Hegel calls it the sublation of alienation). As far as people are concerned, Faust's humanity actually lies in his "good and evil". "Man is half an angel and half a beast"-it shows the complex and contradictory nature of human existence. Hegel's syllogism of affirmation, negation and integration has been eliminated from modern and post-modern philosophy. Judging from the later practice of Hegel's philosophy, the emergence of "fusion theory" is often not "sublation" but "struggle"! This kind of struggle violates the essence of Black's so-called objective idealism and "subjective" will. Therefore, later philosophers often responded with suspicion and opposition to Black's philosophy of "struggle". Humanism, that is, the return of humanism, has become the mainstream in the German philosophical context. In addition, Sartre's "existence precedes essence" has shown that the transcendental "absolute" spirit is illusory. Man's life path, that is, his own choice-being chosen, constitutes the essence of life and life. This subjective experience is included in the viewpoints of other modern philosophers, such as Kierkegaard and karl jaspers. ......& gt& gt
Question 6: What artistic ideas did Goethe mention? I have seen Faust three times. First of all, I admire Goethe's spirit and the language charm of his long poems. I don't think Faust was satisfied with things at first. Once he says "stay for a while", he will fall into hell. Then his spirit lies in his insatiable pursuit of things, his infinite pursuit of truth, knowledge and virtue, and his constant breakthrough and transcendence of himself, which is similar to the beginning of the poetic drama Faust is a well-read and respected doctor. The revelation of Faust as a whole is that Goethe upgraded Faust of art to Faust of spirit, an internal independent driving force. Go from self to self, surpass one's own ability and limit, and complete the great historical mission. So you bet with the devil from the beginning, which also shows people's doubts and doubts about Faust's spirit. People can't break through and create at once, and there will be a lot of greed. This spirit does not exist at any time and becomes truth and belief. This led to dialectical thoughts, that is, the spirit of Faust, the mystery of Faust, or the field that Faust is now concerned about. This dialectical thought lies in the contradiction between affirmation and negation, good and evil, soul and body, nobility of soul and chastity of body, natural desire and moral concept, personal selfishness and social responsibility. Therefore, it reveals such problems that human beings should pay attention to, and through this, they constantly improve themselves and pursue a win-win situation between soul and reality. This pointed out the direction and road for the European society at that time. The above is just my personal opinion, I hope it will help you in understanding, thank you!