Brief introduction of medicinal properties

Ganoderma lucidum, according to the first medical monograph "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" in China, has six kinds: purple, red, cyan, yellow, white and black, but most modern documents and specimens are ganoderma lucidum or multi-bacteria plant Ganoderma lucidum. Sweet and flat in nature. Ganoderma lucidum mainly contains ergosterol, organic acids, glucosamine, polysaccharides, resins, fatty acids, mannitol and polysaccharides, as well as alkaloids, lactones, coumarins, water-soluble protein and various enzymes.

Ganoderma lucidum has been regarded as a symbol of auspiciousness, wealth, beauty and longevity since ancient times. It is called "Cao Xian" and "Cao Rui". China traditional medicine has always been regarded as a precious Chinese herbal medicine for nourishing and strengthening the body. Legend has it that ganoderma lucidum has the effect of bringing back the dead and living forever.

Ganoderma lucidum is a treasure in the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and is known as "Cao Xian". Ancient and modern pharmacological and clinical studies have proved that Ganoderma lucidum does have the efficacy of preventing and treating diseases and prolonging life. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty recorded the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum in great detail. Modern pharmacology and clinical practice further confirmed the pharmacological action of Ganoderma lucidum, and confirmed that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is the main component of Ganoderma lucidum in strengthening body resistance, nourishing and strengthening body, and prolonging life. Now, Ganoderma lucidum, as a medicine, has been officially listed in the National Pharmacopoeia. At the same time, it is a new resource food approved by the state, with no toxic and side effects and the same origin of medicine and food.

Scientific research shows that the pharmacological components of Ganoderma lucidum are very rich, among which the effective components can be divided into ten categories, including Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, Ganoderma lucidum polypeptides, triterpenoids, 16 amino acids (including seven essential amino acids), protein, steroids, mannitol, coumarin, alkaloids, organic acids (mainly including fumaric acid), trace elements such as germanium, phosphorus, iron and calcium. Ganoderma lucidum has a two-way regulating effect on human body, and the diseases it treats involve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system, respiratory system and motor system. Especially for preventing and treating tumors, liver diseases, insomnia and aging.

Ganoderma lucidum has a wide range of applications. Dialectically speaking, this product can be taken regardless of heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidney weakness, because it enters the five internal organs and kidneys and nourishes the whole body qi. The species treated by Ganoderma lucidum involve respiratory, circulatory, digestive, nervous, endocrine and motor systems. It covers diseases such as internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics and five senses. The fundamental reason lies in the great role of Ganoderma lucidum in enhancing the body's resistance, enhancing immune function and improving the body's resistance. It is different from the treatment of some diseases by general drugs, and it is also different from the general nutritional health food that only supplements and strengthens certain nutrients. Instead, it can adjust the balance of human body function, mobilize the internal vitality of the body, adjust the metabolic function of the human body, improve the autoimmune ability, and promote the normalization of all internal organs or organs.

Another name

Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Sanxiu, Silver, Ganoderma lucidum, Cao Xian, Ganoderma lucidum.

Distribution of drug sources

The world distribution of Ganoderma lucidum;

The species of Ganoderma lucidum in the world are mainly distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Australia, Africa and America, and a few are distributed in temperate zones. There are only four species of Ganoderma lucidum in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere in Europe, while there are about five species in North America. Our country spans tropical to cold temperate zone, and there are many kinds of Ganoderma lucidum, which are widely distributed.

Distribution of ganoderma lucidum in China;

The natural distribution of Ganoderma lucidum fungi in China is characterized by more in the southeast and less in the northwest. If a diagonal line is drawn from Daxinganling in the northeast to southeast Tibet in the south, the distribution of Ganoderma lucidum can be divided into two completely different areas, which just shows that the distribution of Ganoderma lucidum species is consistent with the topography and ecological environment in China. At present, it is known that due to drought or cold in the west of the line, there is no natural condition for the reproduction and growth of Ganoderma lucidum, and only two varieties of Ganoderma lucidum are distributed. There are few common ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma lucidum) found in Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia. According to the changes of climate, vegetation types and ganoderma lucidum species in the north and south, the area east of the line can be divided into three distribution areas.

1. Tropical distribution area: It is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and the south of Taiwan Province Province, as well as Hainan and Hong Kong south of Nanling. It also includes Xishuangbanna in Yunnan and southeastern Tibet. Typical tropical seasonal rain forest areas in these areas are tropical ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma tropicum), heat-loving ganoderma lucidum (G. calidophilum), curved-handled ganoderma lucidum (G. flexipes), sessile ganoderma lucidum (G. resinaceum), thin-tree ganoderma lucidum (G. capense), dorsal-handled ganoderma lucidum (G. cochlea) and ganoderma lucidum (G. Koning). , Ganoderma lucidum (G. oroflavum), Ganoderma lucidum (G. valesiaum), Acacia nigricans (Amauroderma niger), Acacia rugosa (A. ruda), Acacia coffea (Humphreya) There are also Hainan Ganoderma lucidum (G. hainanense), Black Ganoderma lucidum (G. atrum) and Yellow Ganoderma lucidum (G. Atrum). G. rotundatum, G. theaecolum, G. fulvellum and G. magniporum. There are 66 species of Ganoderma lucidum (G. luteomarginatum), Ochra lucidum (G. ochrolaccatum), Cladosporium (G. gibbosum), Cladosporium rubber (G. philippii), Cladosporium triangulare (G. australe), Ganoderma nigrum, Ganoderma exiles, Ganoderma pubescens and Ganoderma sub-red, accounting for the known Ganoderma lucidum. A large number of new varieties of Ganoderma lucidum have also been found in this area.

2. Subtropical distribution: generally including the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River between the north of Nanling and Qinling Mountains. The representative plants in the evergreen broad-leaved forest in this area are Ganoderma lucidum, Boning Ganoderma lucidum, Sichuan Ganoderma lucidum, Dali Ganoderma lucidum, Sporopolyspora Ganoderma lucidum and Arched Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma sessile (G. mastoporum), Ganoderma lucidum in Central China (G. mediosinense), Glossostrea fusca (G. brownii), Glossostrea delavayi (G. lobatum), Ganoderma lucidum in Fujian, Glossostrea rugosa, and Ganoderma lucidum in Jiangxi. There are 25 species (Auricularia auricula, Microsporum, Auricularia auricula, etc. ), accounting for 25% of the total number of ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum are widely distributed. In addition, this area is the transition zone of Ganoderma lucidum distribution in China.

3. Temperate distribution: covering the northeast of Qinling Mountains to Daxinganling Mountains. Among them, the deciduous broad-leaved forest areas in southern Liaoning and northern China belong to warm temperate zone, while the vast northeast of northern Liaoning is dominated by middle temperate zone, and Xing 'anling area belongs to cold temperate coniferous forest area. At present, only Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma tsugae, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum and Mongolia) is distributed in this area.

Tree tongue and ganoderma lucidum are the two most widely distributed species in China, the former is distributed in 27 provinces, and the latter is distributed in 19 provinces and regions. Ganoderma mongolicum was first discovered in northern Hebei province, and also distributed near Daxinganling in northern Inner Mongolia. At present, among the cultivated varieties, except Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma lucidum), Ganoderma tsugae has the best quality and large cultivation yield, which is widely distributed in Korea, Japan and Taiwan Province Province of China. At present, the above two kinds are the most artificially produced in China, followed by Ganoderma lucidum, whose output is low but not extensive. Among the known species in China, less than 10% is known through domestication and cultivation, which shows that there is great potential to domesticate excellent strains for moral education production or species with medicinal effects from wild species.

Distribution of plant resources: 1. Ganoderma lucidum is produced in East China, Southwest China, Jilin, Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places and cultivated artificially. Sold all over the country. 2. Ganoderma lucidum is produced in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places, and also cultivated artificially. Sold all over the country. Cultivation of medicinal plants and animals. Tang Shenwei's Compendium of Materia Medica and Reconstructing Literature and Evidence-based Materia Medica in Song Dynasty recorded the geographical environment of six kinds of Ganoderma lucidum in detail. There is a saying that "Chi Zhi gives birth to Huoshan, Qing Zhi gives birth to Mount Tai, Huang Zhi gives birth to Songshan, Bai Zhi gives birth to Huashan, Black Zhi gives birth to Changshan, and Zi Zhi gives birth to high mountains and summer valleys". In ancient times, "Huoshan" was the Dabie Mountain area at the junction of Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces, so Dabie Mountain was the birthplace of Ganoderma lucidum. Dabie Mountain is located in the middle of East China and Central Plains, on the upper reaches of Huaihe River, on the boundary of China climate.

Sexual taste orientation

Gan, Ping. Heart, lung, liver and kidney meridians. Indications: fatigue, cough, asthma, insomnia, dyspepsia, malignant tumor, etc. Animal pharmacology shows that Ganoderma lucidum has inhibitory effect on nervous system, circulatory system has the function of lowering blood pressure, enhancing myocardial contractility, and has expectorant effect on respiratory system. In addition, it has the functions of protecting liver, improving immune function and resisting bacteria.

source

Is the dry fruiting body of ganoderma lucidum (leyss. Former France. ) karst. Or China Ganoderma lucidum Zhao, Xu and so on. Harvest all year round, remove impurities, cut off the lower stems with dead wood, sediment or culture medium, and dry them in the shade or dry them at 40 ~ 50℃. It is a mushroom parasitic on the roots of oak trees and other broad-leaved trees. Umbrella-shaped, hard, wooden, with kidney-shaped or semi-circular cap, purple-brown and lacquer luster. It is distributed all over the country. Recently, artificial culture has appeared, and the morphology of the culture has changed, but the curative effect is the same.

raw material

Ganoderma lucidum contains ergosterol, and the organic acids are ricinoleic acid and fumaric acid. In addition, it also contains amino acids, glucose, polysaccharide, resin and mannitol. Ganoderma lucidum generally has alkaloids, sterols, lactones, coumarins, acidic resins, amino acids, oils, reducing substances and other reactions.

pharmacodynamics

According to animal experiments, it has sedative and analgesic effects on mice. It can improve the cold tolerance and hypoxia tolerance of mice and delay the death time of mice. Ganoderma lucidum as the main component, together with Atractylodes macrocephala, Notoginseng Radix, Ligusticum Chuanxiong and other traditional Chinese medicines, can significantly improve the survival rate of animals, help animals get through the extreme period of radiation sickness, and make white blood cells recover earlier. Irradiated animals can stimulate their appetite and improve their mental state after taking Ganoderma lucidum. Normal people take 20 grams of Ganoderma lucidum orally, which can reduce the heart rate.

Types and indications

Clear fat: Aron fat, sour, flat and non-toxic. Improving eyesight, nourishing liver, calming nerves and enhancing memory.

Ganoderma lucidum: a kind of Danzhi, which is bitter, flat and non-toxic. Relieve the stagnation of the chest and stomach, tonify the middle energizer and replenish qi, and make people conscious.

Huang Zhi: A Jin is sweet, flat and non-toxic. Benefiting spleen and stomach and calming nerves.

White matter: the famous Yu Zhihe Su Zhi is pungent, flat and non-toxic. Cough relieving, lung benefiting, tranquilizing, and strengthening physical strength.

Heizhi: A Xuanzhi, salty, flat and non-toxic. Benefiting waterways and kidney qi.

Mu Zhi is sweet, mild and nontoxic. Benefiting essence and qi, strengthening bones and muscles, benefiting joints and treating fatigue.

White-hearted Ganoderma lucidum: slightly bitter, flat and non-toxic. Relieve the stagnation of the chest and stomach, tonify the middle energizer and replenish qi, and make people conscious; Cough relieving, lung benefiting, tranquilizing, and immunity enhancing.

Functional indication

Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica lists Ganoderma lucidum as the top grade, saying that Zizhi is "responsible for deafness, benefiting joints, keeping essence, strengthening bones and muscles, and looking good." Long-term use will not get old. " It is said that Chizhi is "responsible for the knot in the chest, benefiting the heart, reinforcing the middle and increasing wisdom, not forgetting, eating for a long time and prolonging life." In recent years, the research on Ganoderma lucidum has mushroomed, and there are many clinical reports, which can be summarized as follows:

(1) Treatment of chronic bronchitis: take Lingzhi tablet three times a day, each time 1 tablet (the content is equivalent to 0.5g crude drug), or use Ganoderma tincture (20% concentration) three times a day, each time 10ml (the daily dosage is equivalent to 6g crude drug), generally1tablet.

(2) Treatment of bronchial asthma: Children are given intramuscular injection of 1 ~ 2ml (each ml contains crude drug 0.5 ~ 1g) for about 1 month.

(3) Treatment of leukopenia: 52 cases of leukopenia caused by various factors such as chemistry, physics, drugs and chronic diseases were treated. The short-term effective rate was 84.6%, and the average total white blood cells increased to 65438±0.028/m3. 10 ~ 20 days is a course of treatment.

(4) Treatment of coronary heart disease: The remission rate of angina pectoris, precordial distension or tightness is about 72%, and the improvement rate of palpitation and shortness of breath is about 65%. More than half of the patients reported that their appetite, sleep and spirit improved during taking the medicine, and lowering blood triglycerides had a good effect. Clinical trials show that Ganoderma lucidum can effectively dilate coronary artery, increase coronary artery blood flow, improve myocardial microcirculation and enhance myocardial oxygen and energy supply. Therefore, it has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia and can be widely used to treat and prevent coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. For patients with hyperlipidemia, Ganoderma lucidum can significantly reduce blood cholesterol, lipoprotein and triglyceride, and can prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. For people with atherosclerotic plaque, it can reduce the cholesterol content of arterial wall, soften blood vessels and prevent further injury. It can also improve local microcirculation and prevent platelet aggregation. These effects have good preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of strokes.

(5) Treatment of arrhythmia: In the process of treating coronary heart disease with Ganoderma lucidum, it was found that while coronary heart disease improved, the accompanying arrhythmia also improved and disappeared, so Ganoderma lucidum injection was used to treat various arrhythmias and achieved certain results.

(6) Treating acute viral hepatitis is more effective than traditional "liver-protecting" drugs. In addition, it is also used to treat atrophic gastritis and malignant tumors.

(7) Anti-neurasthenia. Ganoderma lucidum recorded in traditional Chinese medicine can "soothe the nerves", "increase wisdom" and "never forget" It is reported that Ganoderma lucidum preparation has obvious curative effect on neurasthenia and insomnia, and the total effective rate is as high as 87. 14% ~ 100%. Generally, after 10 ~ 15 days, it has obvious curative effect, which is characterized by improved sleep, increased appetite, increased weight, reduced or disappeared palpitation, headache and dizziness, refreshed spirit and enhanced memory. Patients with deficiency of both qi and blood have better curative effect. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum has a strong regulatory effect on the central nervous system, and has the effect of calming the nerves. It is an essential product for patients with neurasthenia and insomnia. In the national pharmacopoeia, Ganoderma lucidum is an effective drug for sleeping and calming the nerves.

(8) Treating diabetes: The principle of lowering blood sugar by Ganoderma lucidum is to promote the utilization of sugar by tissues. After taking Ganoderma lucidum, it can replace insulin to inhibit the release of fatty acids and improve symptoms such as blood sugar and urine sugar. Blood sugar decreased from 173 to16, cholesterol decreased from 233 to 179, and β protein decreased from 580 to 465. The water-soluble polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum can reduce the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Ganoderma lucidum health food produced by Numata Kenji in Japan has been widely used to treat diabetic patients.

(9) Anti-allergic effect: When the body is attacked by an antigen, resulting in hyperimmunity and various allergic reactions or immunopathological damage, Ganoderma lucidum can inhibit the hyperimmunity and maintain the stability of the body itself. Experiments show that Ganoderma lucidum can block the release of allergic reaction medium and prevent allergic reaction, so it is difficult to treat allergic or autoimmune diseases at present. Such as allergic asthma, lupus erythematosus, hyperthyroidism, allergic rhinitis and various intractable skin diseases. , can play a very good role, and can partially resist the side effects caused by long-term use of hormones in some patients with diseases.

It can be seen that the diseases treated by Ganoderma lucidum are mostly senile, intractable and degenerative diseases.

Identify ganoderma lucidum

(1) Ganoderma lucidum powder is light brown, brown to purple brown. The hyphae are scattered or clustered, colorless or light brown, slender, slightly curved and branched, with a diameter of 2.5 ~ 6.5 μ m, brown spores, oval shape, flat top, colorless outer wall, warty inner wall, 8 ~ 12 μ m long and 5 ~ 8 μ m wide. The cultivated Ganoderma lucidum is uniform in color, shape and size, and has a kidney-shaped, semi-circular or nearly circular cap. The cover surface is yellow-brown to reddish-brown, the cover edge is light yellow-brown, with concentric annular bands and grooves, longitudinal wrinkles and shiny surface. However, wild ganoderma lucidum has different colors, shapes and sizes, and its surface has no obvious luster.

Kangjiali Ultramicro Ganoderma powder (2) Take 2g of Ganoderma powder, add 30ml of ethanol, heat and reflux for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, and dissolve the residue with 2ml of methanol as the test solution. In addition, 2g of Ganoderma lucidum reference medicinal material was taken and made into reference medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (Appendix ⅵ b), absorb 4μl of the above two solutions, respectively spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, and use the upper solution of petroleum ether (60 ~ 90℃)- ethyl formate-formic acid (15:5: 1) as the developing agent, unfold, take out, dry and place it in an ultraviolet lamp (. In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots with the same color appear at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal materials.

(3) There are 108 species of Ganoderma, including Ganoderma, Ganoderma, Ganoderma and Ganoderma. Not every ganoderma lucidum is effective. General pharmaceutical companies choose Ganoderma lucidum, which is divided into 32 kinds. People who buy ganoderma lucidum should be careful to identify them. It is dark brown and odorless. Ganoderma lucidum: The shape is umbrella-shaped, the fungus cover is kidney-shaped, semi-circular or nearly round, the diameter is10 ~18cm, and the thickness is1~ 2cm. The shell is hard, yellowish brown to reddish brown, shiny, with annular ribs and radial wrinkles, and the edge is thin and flat, often slightly rolled in. Mushroom meat ranges from white to light brown. Petiole is cylindrical, lateral, slightly eccentric, 7 ~ 15 cm long, 1 ~ 3.5 cm in diameter, reddish brown to purple brown, shiny. Spores are small and yellowish brown. The smell is slightly fragrant and bitter. Zizhi: The skin is purple and black, and it has the same luster as paint. Mushroom meat is rusty brown. Stem length 17 ~ 23 cm.

Fresh ganoderma lucidum can be eaten directly, but its shelf life is short. After harvesting Ganoderma lucidum, remove the sediment and dust on the surface, dry it naturally or in the sun, and control the moisture below 65438 03%, then pack it in a sealed bag and store it in a cool and dry place. Ganoderma lucidum in bulk on the market should be washed and eaten before use. Keep it in a dry place to prevent mildew and moth.

Cultured ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum sold in the market, potted maintenance is very simple, and it does not need watering and fertilization, nor does it need to see the sun or rain and dew. It only needs to wipe the surface of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body with a wet cloth every few days to wipe off the tiny dust attached to it and restore its original bright color. Sometimes in order to increase the freshness and brightness of the surface of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, it can also be wiped with vegetable oil, such as walnut oil and rapeseed oil, which can make it look brighter. If you are interested, you can go to the flower market and buy a pot for indoor display. You don't have to think about maintenance, but you must pay attention to the fact that after a long time, there will be moths on the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, which can be disinfected once every/kloc-0 to 2 years.

Identification between Artificial Ganoderma lucidum and Wild Ganoderma lucidum

With the over-exploitation of wild ganoderma lucidum resources, real wild ganoderma lucidum has become increasingly scarce, and many strains are still facing the crisis of extinction. At present, although there is a wave of artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum in China, due to its inherent defects, artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum is only "getting its shape but losing its reality", and its medicinal effect is far from that of wild Ganoderma lucidum. Because nature has its own laws, Ganoderma lucidum is a natural product, and the natural environment cannot be artificially copied. Specifically:

1, variety:

In terms of scale, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum are more artificial varieties at present, and other varieties, such as perennial strains with complex structure and strong pharmacological effects, are rarely planted and developed on a large scale, but with the development of science and technology, it is not difficult to cultivate and develop other varieties artificially!

2, the strain is degraded, and the efficacy is not as good as that of the first generation.

After the general crops are continuously planted and cultivated (continuous cropping is forbidden in agricultural production), the varieties will degenerate and virus diseases will easily occur, so it is no longer difficult to plant and develop the same varieties! China is the hometown of Ganoderma lucidum, but at present, the strains used in the domestic Ganoderma lucidum industry have serious problems such as variety degradation and quality decline. At present, most of the high-quality ganoderma lucidum varieties are imported from Japan and South Korea, and will degenerate in a few years, which is extremely disproportionate to the status of China's ganoderma lucidum power.

Wild ganoderma lucidum is propagated by basidiospores. Ganoderma lucidum spores have four genders: a 1, a2, b 1, b2. Only when two spores of different sexes (a 1 and b2, a2, b2) mate, can fruiting bodies grow, which embodies the law of the survival of the fittest in nature and ensures the reproduction of Ganoderma lucidum strains. The artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum mostly adopts asexual propagation, that is, through the division of mycelium, strains are cultivated, and then through the division of mycelium, more bacteria are cultivated again without mating process. Generation after generation of asexual reproduction, like human inbreeding, will inevitably lead to strain degradation.

Moreover, some artificial ganoderma lucidum is fermented and cultivated by industrial methods, which is easy to induce various diseases!

3. Short growth cycle and insufficient natural accumulation.

The quality of Ganoderma lucidum depends on many factors such as growth period, environment, temperature, humidity, variety and so on. The longer the life span, the higher the validity period, so there is a thousand-year-old ganoderma lucidum. The effective components of Ganoderma lucidum have increased geometrically in the same growth period, and now Ganoderma lucidum is mainly cultivated artificially in the market.

The growth period of wild Ganoderma lucidum is about 9- 10 months, and the growth period of Ganoderma lucidum with flat cover is longer. Ganoderma lucidum often appears in virgin forests for decades and hundreds of years. However, the artificial ganoderma lucidum cultivated in bag material adopts chemical fertilizer culture medium, which only takes 30 days to mature and only takes about three months to grow, resulting in low content of effective components involved in artificial ganoderma lucidum, which can not achieve ideal curative effect.

The growth period of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum is very short, plus virus infection of strains, repeated inoculation of the same strain, extensive use of pesticides, changes in base materials and so on. At present, the cultivated Ganoderma lucidum often has its shape but nothing. For example, the most important component of Ganoderma lucidum's anti-tumor and anti-aging immunity is organic germanium, which is not found in cultivated Ganoderma lucidum, and the polysaccharide content is only about 1/3 in the wild. The content of ganoderic acid with strong pharmacological activity is very low, and there are great differences in various trace elements, and the activities of various effective components are extremely low. For example, it is well known that Radix Isatidis is used to treat diseases such as colds and hepatitis in China. However, in recent years, many patients and medical staff have reported that taking Banlangen granules has no curative effect. This problem has been solved by Professor Qiao Chuanzhuo from School of Pharmacy, Second Medical University. After many studies, they found that nearly two-thirds of Radix Isatidis had no pharmacological activity due to years of cultivation and seed exchange in different places, and there was only the name of Radix Isatidis, not the reality of Radix Isatidis; The cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum in China has also encountered the same problem, which will seriously affect the development of artificial Ganoderma lucidum industry in China.

4. Pharmacological components

Ganoderma lucidum is rich in pharmacological components. At present, dozens of species have been isolated, mainly including ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, ganoderma lucidum acids (triterpenoids), adenosine, amino acids, protein, organic germanium and trace elements. Because the growth environment of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum can be controlled scientifically, the effective components are more stable than wild Ganoderma lucidum and can be obtained in a short time, but organic germanium and trace elements are often difficult to produce or even lack, which is its own shortcoming. Why is there a saying that Ganoderma lucidum can rejuvenate people and bring them back to life? The key lies in the accumulation of its pharmacological components!

5. Pollution

One of the most fatal shortcomings of artificial breeding is pollution, especially chemical pollution, which is often the source of various human diseases. Why do so many people often cause cancer or leukemia in industrial areas? Nothing more than environmental pollution. Artificial culture inevitably uses pesticides and chemical methods to cultivate strains. For example, pesticides are used to control bacteria and pests during planting. Speaking of pesticides, everyone should know its function and harm. There are too many pesticides in vegetables, which look good, but some people prefer to buy vegetables with insects! In agriculture, there is a "natural farming" method, which absolutely does not use chemical components for planting, and completely relies on the biological chain of nature to solve the whole process, that is, natural food or green food! At present, there is also a saying that "organic food, pollution-free food". Please note that these concepts are different from pure natural and pure green, which allows and restricts the use of hormones or chemicals, while wild ganoderma lucidum is the real natural green ... you can choose what you like!

Is wild Ganoderma lucidum better or cultivated artificially?

In fact, we don't need to explain whether wild ganoderma lucidum is good or cultivated artificially. You can judge for yourself. Of course, some experts and scholars will stand up and say whether Ganoderma lucidum is good or artificial. I can only say that this is the business view of the stationmaster. He will have various reasons to fully explain that artificial ganoderma lucidum is good, and the so-called wild is poisonous. If he really wants to collect such treasures on the mountain, he will be willing to give up. If you can pick wild ones, will you throw them away? Natural selection, a gift from nature, is "what can be met but not sought"!

Three. Identification of wild ganoderma lucidum;

Several simple identification methods and some illegal acts of ganoderma lucidum suppliers;

1, color

Wild ganoderma lucidum has been exposed to the sun and rain, absorbing the essence of the sun and the moon and the aura of heaven and earth. Its color is often much brighter, a natural luster!

One way is that some manufacturers extract some spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum and sell it. In fact, one of the most effective components of these ganoderma lucidum has been used. Even, in order to make the ganoderma lucidum they sell look good, they often cook it in a pot. After cooking, the surface of Ganoderma lucidum is bright and the color is bright. As everyone knows, the active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum have been lost to the water and dumped, which greatly reduces the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum. There are many cultivated ganoderma lucidum. Usually it takes one ton of Ganoderma lucidum to extract one kilogram of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. Under this ratio, it is not difficult to understand why the ganoderma lucidum market was so developed and hot in previous years, and the number of professional households who cultivated ganoderma lucidum artificially increased. In Shandong Ganoderma lucidum planting village, it is supplied by tons. According to the experience of collecting wild Ganoderma lucidum for many years, the average mountain people can collect three kilograms and five kilograms a year. Because of this, it seems unrealistic that the products of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder can be made of pure wild Ganoderma lucidum at present, so you can rarely buy real wild Ganoderma lucidum in the market!

What is disgusting is that some people will add preservatives to the surface of Ganoderma lucidum to ensure that Ganoderma lucidum will not be bad for a long time. Generally, what you see in supermarkets and pharmacies will be like the real thing! I have to sigh the development of science and technology!

2. Size

Artificially cultivated Ganoderma lucidum is planted at the same time in an artificial environment, and the planting is generally the same size and shape! There are different varieties of wild ganoderma lucidum, and each variety has its own characteristics. However, the ganoderma lucidum collected on the mountain generally varies in size, and it will not be the same size in batches as artificial ones.

3, bug eye

If the pesticide control and management of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum are strict, there will be almost no bug eyes. Because the environment of wild Ganoderma lucidum is natural, there will be wild insects, so sometimes there will be irregular insect eyes under the fruiting body. Of course, some people will use this as an excuse to say that all kinds of insects in wild ganoderma lucidum will be poisonous! But I found that people in the city have a habit and experience in buying food in the vegetable market. The longer and neater the vegetables, the more worried he is about buying them. On the contrary, he will be willing to buy those vegetables with bug eyes, because everyone knows that good-looking vegetables are generally sprayed with a lot of pesticides! Wild is wild. Where there is a bug eye, there is a bug eye. If you are afraid of this, you may suffocate by drinking water. Maybe tap water contains a lot of pathogenic chemicals. What should I do? Go to play mountain spring water!

4. Taste and smell

The taste of wild ganoderma lucidum is bitter and bitter. Generally speaking, the more bitter, the more effective. The so-called good medicine tastes bitter, so some people say that the ganoderma lucidum he eats is not only not bitter, but also sweet, which is very funny! Good medicine tastes bitter! Ganoderma lucidum is slightly less bitter. Of course, there are all kinds of "sweet ganoderma lucidum" in China. However, after investigation, this variety was introduced from Japan in 1989 and was identified as a Ganoderma lucidum variety by China Academy of Sciences. It was cultivated artificially in China, and this species was introduced. Therefore, wild ganoderma lucidum has not been found to be sweet in China! Wild ganoderma lucidum has no smell. The reason why ganoderma lucidum bought in pharmacies has an odor is generally because of the mixed smell of Chinese herbal medicines!

5. Price

Things are scarce, and wild ganoderma lucidum resources are increasingly scarce at present. The price of wild ganoderma lucidum varies with size, age, efficacy and variety. It's really expensive in a branded drugstore. Because artificial ganoderma lucidum can be planted in batches and supplied in tons, it can be bought in the market for tens of yuan or less than 100 yuan. It is really difficult to guarantee its efficacy and real wild ganoderma lucidum, especially the ganoderma lucidum processed by unscrupulous merchants extracting spore powder. Of course, it doesn't rule out that you can buy cheap ganoderma lucidum from old farmers in mountainous areas, depending on whether you have such luck!