Wall thickness 1. 1 The building is different.

The climate in the north is dry and the winter is long and snowy. Therefore, good thermal insulation performance and fresh air ventilation are the most important problems in the northern library building. In the northern library building, the thickness of roof insulation layer and building external wall should be increased to enhance the heat insulation and cold protection efficiency. Therefore, the external wall of library buildings in the north is generally two bricks thick (480mm), and it should be two and a half bricks thick (600mm) in cold areas, and the joints of the walls must be sealed to effectively resist the cold wind. The climate in the south is warm and humid, with a lot of precipitation. The farther south, the shorter the winter and the smaller the temperature difference. Therefore, the Southern Library generally does not make special requirements for building insulation, and the outer wall of the building is only one brick thick (240mm), emphasizing ventilation and moisture-proof, good lighting performance and good air circulation to prevent the invasion of high temperature in summer.

1.2 Difference between bottom wall and grounding connection area

All buildings should consider the firmness of the foundation. Therefore, there is a aproll slope protection made of cement in the connection area between the bottom wall of the building and the ground. Due to the influence of local ground temperature, this kind of slope protection is obviously different in the north and south. In the design and construction of the North Library, the walls and entrance steps must be deep, and the cement slope protection should be tamped, and new elastic waterproof materials should be adopted to prevent rainwater from infiltrating into the slope protection in summer and freezing in winter, which will cause cracks in the walls, deformation of the building doors and damage the building quality. Although the slope protection of Southern Library has a certain depth in design and construction, and waterproof materials are used to prevent rainwater infiltration, it is not frost-proof, and mainly plays a role in protecting the wall foundation of buildings.

1.3 The settings of doors and windows are different.

Winter in the north is cold and long, and summer is cool and short. Therefore, buildings in the north are generally double windows. When winter comes and the temperature drops, both public buildings and houses should seal the windows at this time; In spring, when the temperature is getting higher and higher, it is necessary to open the window. Southerners don't have to work hard to keep warm and ventilated, but northerners do. Therefore, in the design of the northern library, the size and number of windows are also issues that architects must consider, because the library staff is limited, and the windows are large and numerous, and it takes a lot of labor to seal and open the windows every year.

Generally speaking, as long as the architectural design of the northern library meets the general requirements of natural lighting and pays attention to practicality, it is not necessary to design large-scale ribbon windows simply for the sake of beautiful architectural modeling.

The climate in the south is different from that in the north, so there are obvious differences in architecture. Southern buildings all have single-layer windows, and library buildings should not only be practical, but also pay attention to beauty and generosity. The design of windows is often based on lighting and beauty. Therefore, most of the windows in the southern library buildings are large-area ribbon windows.

Affected by the temperature, the building doors in the north are different from those in the south. The gate of the North Library is the main entrance of the library, so it is necessary to set up two floors of doors, inside and outside, which are opened in the wrong direction to block the cold air in winter.

Traffic directly enters. The gate of Southern Library is mainly convenient for readers to enter and exit, which is beautiful and bright. The design of the gate does not need a double layer, and most of them are tall and magnificent strip gates. As soon as you enter the gate, you will have an open and bright feeling.

1.4 *** Space requirements are different.

Since the reform and opening up, China's librarianship has achieved unprecedented development. The number of newly-built libraries has increased rapidly, the scale of libraries has been continuously expanded, and the facilities have been obviously improved. Especially in recent years, all built libraries have entrance halls with different areas, some of which are only used for readers' traffic evacuation, and some have multiple functions. This kind of hall in the north should not be too big, but moderate. Because when heating in winter in the north, we should try our best to make the heating heat in the hall space reach all corners of the hall evenly. If the heat is not enough, it will not only consume energy, but also freeze the readers. But in the south, as long as the building area allows, this hall can be high or large. You can decorate it with murals, arrange some bonsai, flowers and trees and architectural sketches, and then sit on a leisure chair to let readers be influenced by beauty in this elegant environment.

1.5 different architectural designs

Affected by the temperature, the soil in the north is hard and dry, which is more suitable for designing underground buildings. In the north, this underground building has the advantages of being warm in winter and cool in summer. For example, the facilities quality of civil air defense projects and underground commercial buildings in Harbin is exemplary among similar buildings in China. Therefore, the construction of large-scale libraries in the north should make good use of the favorable conditions in the north and design them underground or partially underground. This basement can be used as an equipment room, and can also be used to store stacks and books that readers don't often use.

The climate in the south is warm and humid, and the soil moisture content is high, so it is not suitable for designing basements. On the contrary, the humid climate in the south affects the wet ground floor of the building. In recent years, large libraries newly built in South China have designed wide steps from the courtyard to the second floor, and the first floor is used as an equipment room or parking garage. This design enhances the style of library building and avoids the dampness of library stationery and equipment. However, in the north, it is not suitable to use such tall steps as the main entrance passage, because it is snowy in winter and frozen for a long time in the north, and it is unsafe for readers to walk on the snowy steps, which affects the rate of readers entering the library. However, if it is not the main entrance, it would be a waste. Therefore, according to the needs of the whole building and environment, the northern library should set up stairs leading to the entrance of the first floor.