Sherlock Holmes is a talented fictional detective created by British detective novelist Arthur Conan Doyle at the end of 19. Holmes claims to be a criminal investigation consultant, which means that other detectives or private detectives often turn to him for help when they are in trouble. Holmes can often solve many difficult problems without leaving home, but most of the stories focus on some difficult cases that need Holmes to go out to investigate. Holmes is good at solving problems through observation, deductive reasoning and legal knowledge.
Arthur conan doyle wrote four novellas and 56 short stories, all about Sherlock Holmes. The first two books are 1887 "A Study of the Red Characters" published in the Beaton Christmas Yearbook and 1890 "Four Signs" published in the Special Issue for Science Undergraduates. 189 1 year, a series of short stories began to be serialized in strand magazine, which made Sherlock Holmes popular. But it was not until 1927 that Mr. Conan Doyle wrote a sequel. The story took place around 1875- 1907. And his last case happened in 19 14.
Almost all the stories are told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, a friend and biographer of Sherlock Holmes. Only two books (The Lion's Bone and The Albino Soldier) were narrated by Holmes himself, and the other two books were written by a third person.
Chinese name: Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes
Nickname: Sherlock Holmes
Nationality: UK
Nationality: UK
Place of birth: England
Date of birth:1854 65438+1October 6th.
Occupation: consulting detective
Graduate school: Cambridge University
Main achievements: solved many strange cases.
Masterpieces: Practical Manual of Beekeeping, Study on the Isolation of Queen Bees.
Height: 6 feet (183 cm)
Address: Block B, 22 1 Baker Street, London
Partner: John H. Watson.
Brother: mycroft Holmes.
Old enemy: Professor moriarty.
The first case: the study of blood characteristics
The last case: retired pigment dealer
Created by Arthur Conan Doyle
Prototype: joseph bell
Appearance prototype: Walter padgett
Role background
19 was a famous consultant detective in Victorian England at the end of the 20th century. Private consulting detective (many detectives and sheriffs often consult him, the highest governing body of detectives).
Role image
gross feature
Holmes' appearance and looks, at first glance, are enough to attract attention. At first, in the study of blood characters, Holmes was clearly described as extremely thin and tall. He is six feet tall (contract 183 cm) and has a pair of gray eyes, so he is particularly tall (ectoderm), with a large back and a sharp diamond face. The slender aquiline nose makes his appearance particularly alert and decisive; The square and prominent chin shows that he is a very persistent person with long legs. He often holds a pipe and a walking stick (the walking stick sword in Sherlock Holmes), and likes to dramatize the plot. He often wears a black felt hat when he goes out, a bowler hat in the Bohemian scandal, and a deer hunting hat in the illustrations of rural cases is sometimes a cap (such as the secret case in Boscomby Valley and the hound in Busteville).
The image of Shylock can be traced back to Riverside magazine and the illustrations drawn by artist Sydney padgett. Based on his brother Walter, padgett drew the handsome appearance of Shylock and Walter padgett, which provided a template for many images of Shylock.
character trait
Indifferent and withdrawn (unwilling to reveal his great achievements), although he doesn't care about making friends, cherishes friendship and sticks to his own opinions, he also has a sense of humor (sometimes making jokes, such as the naval agreement). He admits that he is keen on practical jokes (the Crown Jewellery case) and likes to solve the mystery of the case in unexpected ways (the architect of Norwood). He is calm and unmoved on weekdays.
Role life
Hobbies and interests
Thinking, playing violin, boxing, fencing, chemical experiments, and publishing some papers in newspapers. As for himself, he said, "I am restless. I hate plain life very much. I pursue spiritual stimulation."
Common items
Peterson's heather pipe, Persian slippers for tobacco, letter-inserting knife, Scottish cloak, casual shoes, scattered chemical instruments, stradivari's violin, desk with black spots, and cocaine (7% solution).
Decompression method
Listen to a concert, play the violin (very well), enjoy art, inject cocaine (7% solution, he thinks that using cocaine will excite the brain, especially in the process of solving boring cases), and do chemical experiments.
Living habits
Wearing silk pajamas and slippers, shooting at home ("Queen Victoria" was once hit on the wall). Tobacco leaves are placed in Persian slippers, and a folding knife is inserted in the center of the wooden fireplace. He likes to decorate the wall opposite the seat with bullets. Cocaine (7% solution) was often injected before Watson arrived, and cocaine was also injected after Watson arrived (see sign 4).
calligraphy
The brushwork is vigorous (see "The Last Case" for details), and there is also the famous "claw body" signature.
Role ability
sports
He is good at using swords and clubs, and he is also an excellent boxer and master Batisu.
ken
In Sherlock Holmes' first work, A Study of Blood Characters, Doyle shaped it into a cold-blooded reasoning machine, thinking that even if he knew something, it would not be good for his work (see A Study of Blood Characters). But in the following stories, Holmes has a loving heart under his cold appearance, and he will also quote Shakespeare's sentences.
(This is the list that Watson made when he first met Holmes, which is very limited. In fact, Holmes is a learned man. Dr. Watson's records are only part of the cases he collected, and we have every reason to believe that more knowledge about Sherlock Holmes has not been revealed. His ability to observe and learn makes him a great detective. Yes, after retirement, our detective even went to study how to keep bees. And published the handbook of beekeeping and queen bee isolation.
otherwise
Observation, camera memory and deductive reasoning belong to rational thinking. There are also extraordinary strength and genius stage makeup and acting skills. He is also an excellent boxer, good at bartitsu, psychological simulation and footwork tracking.
Role relationship
Role experience
Early experience
1854 (born): 65438+10.6, Holmes was born, his grandfather was a generation of squire (Greek translator), and his distant relative was Verne, who was a doctor (architect of Norwood).
1858 (4 years old): The whole family traveled to Montpellier, France.
1860 (6 years old): The whole family returned to China. Grandfather passed away; The whole family went to Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and then settled in Cologne, Germany.
186 1 year-old (7 years old): Enter an aristocratic school (boarding school) or ask a tutor for education. My uncle was a French painter Claude Joseph Vernet in the Napoleonic era. Holmes believes that he has inherited such a lineage (this artistic component in blood is prone to the most peculiar genetic form, from a Greek translator); After that, the whole family traveled to the mainland.
1864 (10 years old): The whole family returned to China and rented a villa in Kensington-Chelsea. He was sent to boarding school with mccullough, and Shylock was sent to Oxford University.
1865 (1 1 year): a serious illness.
1866 (12 years old): He was taken to Yorkshire, entered a preparatory school as a day student, and was very close to mccullough.
1867 (13 years old): Although aristocratic children generally entered public schools at that time (aristocratic and upper-class children, schools that focused on sports), Holmes was not interested in football, a permanent school sport, so he did not enroll, but invited a tutor to continue to impart knowledge (single aristocrat).
1868 (14 years old): Traveling with parents to Saint-Malo and Bo, France; Joined a fencing salon. In July, my father was sent to India for suppressing rebellion, and my mother was ill with tuberculosis, so she moved to Sherlock Holmes Manor in Farnham, which was managed by her uncle. After that, he studied field survival and logic with the tutor appointed by mccullough, and was involved in this case, and was taken to Cherbourg. Finally, she successfully stopped a plot against the British army. In September, after the "Red Leech" incident, due to the arrest of a friend, the teacher and his father boarded the Scottish ship bound for new york, USA. On the boat, they met Count Zeppelin and an Irish violinist. To kill time, they began to learn to play the violin. In new york, they were taken to Petzevins, New Jersey, to save the daughters of their friends and teachers, and then successfully stopped the rebel plot to split Canada through armed struggle. On June+10, 5438, Mike Loft went to Moscow, Russia, because he participated in a plot to prevent the United States from buying Alaska from Russia, and stopped the plot to assassinate Pyotr Andreyevich Shuvalov, the head of the third church, and framed Mike Loft to provoke the relationship between Britain and Russia. In February 65438, I went to Edinburgh, and soon returned to Farnham. I was knocked unconscious in my room and put on a boat to China. In May, the case of Dutch businessmen killing China chefs and American businessmen with snake venom was detected on board.
1870 (16 years old) 1 In June, after two years of adventure, I came to Golve by boat, but I happened to meet mccullough. Knowing the news of his uncle's death, the two brothers jointly cracked the "psychic murder case". In February, they moved to Oxford and solved the theft of human organs in the hospital morgue.
1872 (18 years old): Under the guidance of Professor James moriarty, he entered the Christian College in Oxford. At that time, he didn't like team sports, but liked fencing and boxing, majoring in chemistry ("Gloria Scott"). It seems to agree with the view that "literary knowledge is equal to zero" and has also been ridiculed by Watson.
1873 (19 years old): They became familiar with each other last semester when they were bitten by Victor Trevor's dog. The following summer, Holmes was invited to visit Victor Trevor's home, and was reminded by Trevor's father that he was qualified to be a detective (at that time, Holmes' reasoning and observation were already very strong). I learned about the three-masted sailboat Gloria Scott. During the summer vacation, he spent most of his time indulging in chemical experiments (Gloria Scott).
1874 (aged 20): transferred to gonville and Case College of Cambridge University, and experienced the last days of college. His reasoning method (Musgrave ceremony) was widely praised by his classmates.
1875 (2 1 year): graduated from university.
Detective career
1877 (23 years old): started to set up a detective agency in Montag Street near the British Museum. I take advantage of my few work breaks to actively study various sciences and lay a foundation for the future. My life is very difficult.
1878 (aged 24): The case of "Ricote the lame and his hateful wife" was solved.
1879 (aged 25): entrusted by his classmate Reginald musgrave, he solved the case of "Musgrave Ceremony"; And starred in the London stage play Hamlet. Go to America with a group.
1880 came back from America.
188 1 year (27 years old): At St. Barromi Hospital, Holmes met the retired Dr. Watson through the introduction of his friend Stanford Junior, and shared a room at 22 1 B Baker Street to introduce Lestrade and Grayson to Watson. Soon after, he solved the case of "research on blood characters".
1882 (28 years old): Becoming famous, comforting Helen Stoner with "work itself is reward".
1883 (aged 29): The "spotted tape" case was detected in April.
1887 (aged 33): He is famous in Europe for solving the Dutch-Sumatra case and Baron Mobutus' huge plan. He also fell ill because of fatigue and went to Regent-Bansted in Surrey to recuperate. In April, the cases of "the riddle of Rygate" and "five orange stones" were solved. In July of the same year, the "Four Signs" case was solved. A few months before solving the "Four Signs" case, Holmes began to take cocaine, which greatly worried Watson. Watson married mary morstan in The Four Elephants and left Baker Street, but he still often worked with Holmes. A few weeks before Watson got married, he took on the case of "single aristocrat".
1888 (aged 34): "uncanny valley" case was solved in June 65438+ 10. Holmes published several articles, such as the recognition of various soot, footwork tracking and the influence of occupation on hand shape. On March 20th of the same year, the Bohemian Scandal was solved, because Eileen Adler and Holmes' view of despising women in the case was changed. And called Watson "my boswell" for the first time. The case of "Greek translation" was solved and the published article was well received;
1889 (35 years old): 19 June, the case of "crooked mouth man" was solved, and then "hunchback man", "securities broker clerk" and "the secret case of Boscombe Valley" were solved. In July of the same year, the case of "Naval Agreement" was solved by Holmes to safeguard national interests. In September of the same year, the "Engineer Thumb Case" was detected. In the same year, the case of "hound of the Baskerville" was solved in June+10, 5438.
1890 (36 years old):101On October 9th, the case of "Red Hair Society" was solved. In June165438+1October of the same year, a "dying detective" incident occurred. In 65438+February, the "sapphire" case was solved. Holmes worked in France from winter to spring. Go to Europe with Watson to track moriarty.
189 1 year (37 years old): The Last Case-On May 4th, Sherlock Holmes and his arch-enemy Professor moriarty fought to the death in Reichenbach Falls. After traveling under the pseudonym "Scott Eckersley".
1893 (39 years old): settled in Montpellier and presided over the research on coal tar derivatives.
1894 (40 years old): in April, the "empty house" case. Sherlock Holmes returned and became a collector of used books, exposing the truth of a series of shootings. During this period, Watson's wife mary morstan passed away. In August, I accepted the case of "Norwood Architect". At the request of Holmes, Watson transferred the clinic in Kensington-Chelsea and moved back to 22 Baker Street1to live with Holmes. 1 1 In June, 2008, I accepted the case of "Phnom Penh with Nose Glasses".
1895 (4 1 year): In April, I took the case of "three college students". Holmes and Watson lived in a university town for several weeks, studying the British Magna Carta and taking over the case of "cycling alone". In June, I took the case of "Black Peter". 1 1 In June, 2008, I accepted the case of "Bruce Partington Project". Queen Victoria gave her a present and an emerald pin.
1896 (aged 42): accepting cases such as "veiled tenant" and "missing central defender". At Watson's urging, Holmes has stopped using cocaine for several years. During this time, Holmes often has deep eyes and a gloomy face.
1897 (aged 43): Took over the case of Granci Manor and Devil's Foot. As a result of hard work day and night, Holmes became ill. In this case, Holmes admitted that he had never been in love.
1898 (aged 44): Undertaking cases such as "dancing villain" and "retired pigment dealer".
1902 (48 years old): In May, he took over the case of "Monastery Public School". After the case was over, Holmes was awarded 6000 pounds. In June, after receiving the case of "three people with the same surname", Holmes was very concerned about Watson who was attacked and injured by gangsters, and showed the emotion behind the cold face, which greatly moved Watson. In September, Sherlock Holmes was attacked and injured in the case of "clients of dignitaries".
1903 (49 years old): 1 month, took the case of "white soldier". Watson remarried and left Baker Street. This case was written by Holmes himself. Xia, take the "Crown Jewelry Box". In September, he took the reptile case, and after the case was over, Holmes retired.
Retirement life
1907(53 years old): left London to study beekeeping in Sussex and enjoy the pastoral life after retirement. In July, I took the case of Lion's Bristle, which was a murder case near Holmes' seclusion. Holmes wrote it himself. After living in seclusion, I occasionally spend weekends with Watson.
19 12(58 years old): He took over the "Last Greetings" case, re-entered the Jianghu at the invitation of the Prime Minister, infiltrated the Finnish Brotherhood in Ireland, USA for two years, and then annihilated the German intelligence agency in one fell swoop. After the case ended, Holmes retired again and went to Chicago.
19 14 (60 years old): Returned to China and published "Practical Manual of Beekeeping: Also on the Study of Isolated Queen Bee".
1926 (72 years old): 165438+ 10 published "white-skinned soldiers" and published "lion's mane" in February of the same year.
List of cases
List of published cases
List of unpublished cases
The following cases were mentioned in the classic story of Sherlock Holmes, but they were not made public.
Others create cases.
The House of Silk is a new Sherlock Holmes story certified by Conan Doyle Property Rights Association, written by Anthony Horowitz in Britain. 2011111global simultaneous listing.
The House of Silk tells the story of 1890, which begins with a mysterious art dealer visitor. He told Holmes his strange experience, and then a seemingly unrelated murder happened one after another. According to these seemingly unrelated clues, Holmes finally solved a huge scandal about British upper class. This case was recorded by Watson, and later generations were instructed to dust off the manuscript for a hundred years.
Andrew Ryan's Young Sherlock Holmes series was officially recognized by Arthur Conan Doyle's Property Rights Committee and Conan Doyle's family.
This series of works gives a panoramic view of Sherlock Holmes' boyhood.
On 20 10, Macmillan Children's Books Company of the United Kingdom published the first book "Clouds of Death", and Macmillan Century Children's Books under 2015,21Century Publishing Group is publishing the simplified Chinese version of this set of books.
This set of books consists of 8 volumes, and 8 volumes have been published. They are the cloud of death, the red leech, the black ice, the fire storm, the snake kiss, the sword, the Leng Shi people and the night light.
List of published works
The following papers and essays are mentioned in The Classic Stories of Sherlock Holmes (by Conan Doyle) and written by Sherlock Holmes.
Quotations of characters
Personality assessment
1887 is also Christmas Eve.
Since the novel A Study of Blood Characters was published in Beaton's Christmas Yearbook, Sherlock Holmes, the hero of the novel, has swept the whole UK and even the whole world.
There is no doubt that Holmes has become synonymous with a famous detective, and in real life, many people regard Holmes as synonymous with a wise man. Sherlock Holmes has become a symbol of wisdom.
According to Guinness World Records, Sherlock Holmes is one of the literary images that have been put on the screen the most times in the world. Only Drakula, the vampire, appeared on the screen more times than Sherlock Holmes. It can be seen from here that the popularity of Sherlock Holmes is unprecedented. According to incomplete statistics, since the 20th century, more than 75 different actors have played this role in more than 200 TV dramas or movies. Many movie stars, including Christopher Lee and george scott, who plays General Barton, have played detectives.
One hundred years ago, when Doyle destroyed the detective he created in his works, he was worried that Sherlock Holmes would be abandoned by the world like those old singers one day, and he hoped to make him immortal by extreme means. Doyle, of course, didn't expect that Holmes still lived in the minds of people who liked him. He has traveled for more than a century and will continue to travel to the further future.
So, what is the charm of Sherlock Holmes? Perhaps we can find the answer from Holmes' soliloquy in the last case: "If I can get rid of the scourge of moriarty for the society, then I would rather end my detective career. I can say that I have not wasted my life at all. If the journey of my life ends tonight, I can die with a clear conscience. Because of my existence, the air in London is very fresh. In more than 1000 cases I have handled, I believe that I have never used my strength in the wrong place. "
Although Sherlock Holmes is a character created by Arthur Conan Doyle, it can span time and space and last forever because he has caused a buzz in most people's minds in an interesting and attractive way: people are curious about exploring darkness and the unknown, and they also have a yearning for finding out the truth and upholding justice. People all want to have superhuman wisdom, solve problems in a forward-looking way, and get rid of geography in the chaotic puzzle. Between fact and imagination, between hypothesis and evidence, under scientific theory and novel creation, people have the shadow of Sherlock Holmes in their hearts! Holmes' calmness, wisdom and courage are worth pondering in a suspenseful and compact story. His keen observation and meticulous reasoning analysis are the key to solving the case. With the progress of society, various forensic techniques came into being, which provided more and better help for investigation. But the detective's erudition, carefulness and patience, pursuit of truth and adherence to principles should be the important significance behind this set of books.
Personality influence
A famous British detective in Europe. The famous Royal British Chemical Society awarded him the title of honorary researcher on June 65438+1October 65438+June 2002, making him the first fictional character to win this honor. A hundred years after the publication of this book, the British royal family decided to award the title of Sir Sherlock Holmes, the hero of the novel of the same name. The conditions for the British emperor to be knighted are harsh and serious, but this is the first time to award a fictional character in the book. It can be seen that Arthur Conan Doyle's works a hundred years ago have far-reaching influence on people and are of great significance.
Prototype guess
The prototype of Sherlock Holmes, according to Doyle's own narrative in The Real Sherlock Holmes, is based on his medical school tutor Professor DrJosephBell.
In the biography "The Life of Conan Doyle", Doyle said frankly in an interview in his later years: "Maybe I can say that Sherlock Holmes is just a character in literary works, and he (Sherlock Holmes) carries my memories of a medical professor at Edinburgh University." In a letter to Professor Bell, Doyle said, "You made me shape Sherlock Holmes."
Although joseph bell is the main prototype of Sherlock Holmes, he is not the only prototype. HenryDuncanLittlejohn, a famous Edinburgh forensic doctor, health inspector and autopsy, also injected part of his personality into Holmes. Henry was involved in the investigation of almost all the incidents. He was involved in the murder and death in Edinburgh at that time. He initiated "fingerprint identification" and "photo evidence" in the history of criminal investigation. From 1980s to 1990s, when Doyle conceived Sherlock Holmes, Henry happened to be in his most active period.
Sherlock Holmes' name is thought to come from two people. "Sherlock" comes from the famous doctor OliverWendellHolmes, and "Sherlock" comes from Doyle's favorite musician AlfredSherlock.
Derivative works
Film and television works in real life
Animation works
Comic works
Game works