According to the Chronology of China Wars, there are more than 2,000 major wars in China. Since the beginning of Chinese civilization, war has always followed. In countless battlefields that can determine fate, people tried their best, using the most abundant financial resources and the most advanced technology as weapons, and set off five thousand years of ups and downs in China.

If we want to achieve real peace, we must understand the real war, follow the footsteps of today's bronze weapons, and explore the blood shed at the beginning of Chinese civilization.

dagger-axe

Ge, a weapon for hooking soldiers. The flat blade is used to assist the hook pecking; The direct part is called Hu, tied to the raft with a rope; The short handle runs through the long wood, and its hole is tied to the upper end of the raft.

The wooden handle of the binding weapon is a dagger. According to the length of the dagger, it can be divided into: one-handed combat uniform with a length of about 80cm, two-handed combat uniform with a length of about 1.4m, and vehicle combat uniform with a length of about 3m.

In the car battle, the left driver is responsible for directing the shooting and the right driver is responsible for the long weapon attack. Ge can not only carry out hook and peck attacks at any angle in the horizontal direction, but also strike a wider range. For example, a raft that is also 3 meters long, the lateral attack distance of the spear is 1.5 meters, while Ge can reach 3 meters.

During the Warring States period, the Seven Chivalrous Men rose side by side, and Qin called it the shield, while the other six countries called it "dry". Because the one-handed warrior should be used with the shield, the words "turning the enemy into jade" and "fighting a war" were born.

spear

Spear, a weapon for stabbing soldiers, has a front and two blades, which protrude into a ridge. The connecting part between the spear body and the wooden rafter is epiphyllum, and the hollow part is conical. The round hole on the epiphyllum is tied, and the rope passes through the round hole on both sides to tie the spear and rafter tightly together. Infantry chief spear is about 4.5m, and chariot spear is about 5.4m. ..

halberd

Ji, also known as "thorn" in ancient books, is a combination of ge and spear, which has dual functions of hooking and stabbing, and its blade is straight and horizontal, showing a cross or a pointed shape.

The casting methods of bronze halberd can be divided into mud casting and separate casting. Muddy casting, the first casting of the whole halberd, prevailed in the early Western Zhou Dynasty; The halberds of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty were all cast separately, that is, the ge and spear were cast separately and then assembled into a whole by raft.

sword

The sword is a straight double-edged weapon used for stabbing. In martial arts, the primary role is to stab the enemy, penetrate the opponent's armor, and then chop. Because the blade, body, handle and head of the sword are integrally cast, the body of the sword is short and the handle is wrapped with special silk, which is convenient to use.

The longest bronze sword recorded in Flower King Gong Ji is three feet per week, or 69.3 centimeters.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the sword was popular, and the decoration of the sword was strengthened day by day. Gilding, wrong gold, wrong silver and turquoise inlay are widely used.

Tomahawk used in ancient China

Clam, a weapon for chopping soldiers, is flat and broad with shoulders, and its function is similar to that of a tomahawk, but the difference is that it is wider and flatter than an axe, and it was popular from Shang Dynasty to Western Zhou Dynasty. Small cymbals appeared in the war as weapons, and large cymbals were used as ceremonial instruments.

Dao in Shang Dynasty and early Western Zhou Dynasty can be divided into three categories: large, medium and small. Large knives are more than 30 cm long, medium knives are more than 20 cm, and small knives are more than 10 cm. Knives and most medium-sized knives are mostly used for daily cutting. There are three common sabers:

1. A knife with a narrow straight handle facing upward for hand-to-hand combat.

2. The forwards are arc-back, straight-back, straight-edged knives, connected by rafts, and engaged for a long time.

3, the blade is willow-shaped, straight handle, handle end bent downward, used for close combat.

During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, bamboo slips became popular. Whenever I write a typo, I am cut down with a knife and rewritten. The bronze knife was simplified as a bamboo cutting tool with only a dozen centimeters.

Ancient weapons (bamboo)

Shū, a necessary hammering weapon for chariots, is a "sharp hammer" used in actual combat. The blade is triangular and spear-shaped, and the copper sleeve is cast with uneven relief, which can increase the impact force; The ceremonial soldiers used "Jin Shu" for ceremonial purposes, and there was no sharp edge at the front end, only a copper sleeve.

Arrow cluster

Arrow cluster, commonly known as arrow front, is a long-range weapon. There are eight kinds of arrows: the waste arrow and the Jie arrow have wings, and a fireball can be tied at the connection between the arrow and the shaft, which can be used for long-distance chariot fighting and burning the enemy; Both the killing arrow and the stabbing arrow have horns, which are used for close-range shooting and wild hunting; Z ē (zēng arrow and F ē arrow, and there is a ring buckle tied with silk rope around the neck. According to the silk rope, the bird that escaped after being shot can be found; Constant arrow and Bi arrow are special arrows used for ritual shooting and practice.

"Wu Yue Chun Qiu" said: "Warlords scuffle, swords and shadows, the power of bows and arrows can not be subdued. The Qin family bent their arms horizontally, used the machine to set the pivot, and strengthened it, so the princes could take it. "

"Explanation of Names" says: "The crossbow is angry, and its handle has a name arm, a hook name tooth, a tooth name Guo, a knife hook, and a mouth name machine, which is like a portal cardinal.

During the Warring States period, the arm length of crossbows was generally about 50 cm, and the maximum range was 600 steps, which is about 780 meters today.

These magic weapons are now lying quietly in Henan Huaxia Bronze Art Museum, bathed in the light of peace in prosperous China. That dusty past has repeatedly warned future generations that only by remembering history can we forge ahead and peaceful development can we move towards a better future.