Strategic measures 1: Make plans and be ready at all times. Through the formulation and drills of national, provincial, municipal, district, enterprises and institutions, communities, schools and other emergency plans. Form an orderly and prepared disaster prevention and mitigation situation. The emergency plan shall include the emergency organization system and responsibilities of natural disasters, forecasting and early warning, information reporting, emergency response, emergency disposal, emergency support, investigation and evaluation, etc. And form a set of work operation mechanism including before, during and after. We should not put the plan on the shelf, but let the masses and disaster managers master the plan skillfully through training and plan drills, and constantly improve the plan in practice. Be prepared for danger in times of peace, and give priority to prevention. It is necessary to enhance the sense of hardship, persevere and prevent problems before they happen. Adhere to the combination of prevention and emergency, and the combination of normality and abnormality. The government should encourage communities to formulate emergency preparedness plans, carry out disaster relief drills, equip them with special communication equipment, replace common communication methods in case of emergency, and ensure the necessary reserves of emergency materials and facilities. Actively prepare for emergencies in terms of equipment, technology and personnel. Strategic Measure 2: People-oriented, disaster avoidance and mitigation are people-oriented, and ensuring the safety of public life and property is the primary task of disaster prevention and mitigation, so as to minimize the casualties caused by natural disasters and the harm to social and economic development. In the face of natural disasters, scientific defense, from early blind disaster resistance to active disaster avoidance in recent years, embodies the Scientific Outlook on Development of disaster prevention and mitigation. Strategic measure 3: Monitoring and early warning, relying on science and technology to adhere to the basic principle of "prevention first" in disaster prevention and mitigation, putting disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warning in a very prominent position, and attaching great importance to and doing a good job in publishing early warning information for the whole society, including the socially disadvantaged groups. Meteorological disaster is a sudden public event with long warning time and high forecasting accuracy. Strengthening the short-term and imminent forecast of disastrous weather, strengthening the production of early warning signals of sudden meteorological disasters and strengthening the release of meteorological early warning information are important scientific and technological guarantees for improving the level of disaster prevention and mitigation. We should rely on science and technology to improve the comprehensive quality of disaster prevention and reduction. By strengthening scientific research and technological development in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation, adopting and popularizing advanced monitoring, forecasting, early warning, prevention and emergency treatment technologies and facilities, giving full play to the role of experts and professionals, and improving the scientific and technological level of responding to natural disasters. The practice of defending against typhoon in 2005 fully embodies the important role of modern meteorological technology in defending against Taiwan and Taiwan. Modern detection methods such as new generation weather radar, automatic weather station, mobile weather station and meteorological satellite have improved the ability to monitor the latest trends of typhoons in real time; Numerical forecast products provide a reference for accurately forecasting the future path of typhoons, which makes forecasters more confident and confident in forecasting severe weather such as typhoons, and provides a scientific basis for accurate and advanced forecasting; Key forecasters play an important role in typhoon forecasting service. Strategic measure four: awareness of disaster prevention, and popularizing the public is the main body of disaster prevention. To strengthen the sense of hardship, nip in the bud, and prevent and reduce disasters, it is necessary for the general public to widely enhance their awareness of disaster prevention and understand and master the knowledge of disaster avoidance. When natural disasters occur, ordinary people can know how to deal with the disaster, how to protect themselves and help others. Governments and social organizations should organize and publicize disaster knowledge and train disaster professionals or volunteers. Relevant departments widely publicize the common sense of disaster reduction through books, newspapers, audio-visual products and electronic publications, radio, television and the Internet, so as to enhance the public's sense of urgency, social responsibility and self-help and mutual assistance. Through the action of "disaster prevention (reduction) into communities, campuses, enterprises and villages", the grass-roots community residents, the majority of primary and secondary school students, enterprise employees, the vast rural areas, especially farmers in remote areas and socially disadvantaged groups will enhance their awareness of disaster prevention and reduction, master the basic skills of disaster avoidance, self-help and mutual rescue, and achieve the goal of disaster reduction. Disaster prevention and mitigation needs to start with dolls and incorporate disaster and disaster emergency knowledge into the teaching content of primary and secondary schools. Strategic measure 5: Emergency response mechanism, quickly responding to the needs of the government and relevant departments, and establishing an emergency management mechanism with "unified command, sensitive response, complete functions, orderly coordination and efficient operation". "Rapid response and coordinated response" is the core of emergency mechanism. Disaster prevention and mitigation involves all aspects and requires the leadership of the government and the positive response of various departments. In the emergency management of meteorological disasters, meteorological departments have strengthened horizontal linkage and close cooperation with news, water conservancy, civil affairs, safety supervision, ocean, agriculture, forestry, environment and other departments, established an emergency linkage mechanism, and incorporated meteorological work into the public service system of governments at all levels. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of emergency teams based on territorial management, establish a linkage and coordination system, fully mobilize and give play to the role of towns, communities, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and volunteer teams, and rely on public forces to form a standardized and efficient disaster management workflow. Strategic measure 6: Classified disaster prevention. Different kinds of disasters have different effects on human life and social and economic activities, and the key points and measures of disaster prevention and mitigation are also different. For example, for typhoon disasters, the focus is on preventing the impact of strong winds, heavy rains and high tides on coastal ships and coastal residents, while strong fog and snow disasters have a greater impact on aviation and traffic, and sandstorms mainly affect air quality. According to the characteristics of different disasters and their impact on social economy, targeted countermeasures are taken. In order to prevent and mitigate typhoon disasters, residents in coastal areas should evacuate in time according to the typhoon warning level. Personnel should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, strengthen port facilities, prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision, remove billboards in high-rise buildings, and prevent flash floods and mudslides caused by heavy rains. For rainstorm and flood disasters, according to the development of rain conditions, people and property in flood storage and detention areas and flood discharge areas will be transferred in time, residents in urban low-lying dangerous areas and dangerous houses will be transferred in time, and dangerous outdoor power supply in low-lying areas will be cut off. When dense fog appears, atmospheric visibility and air quality are obviously reduced. Airports, highways and shipping take measures to stop and close, traffic drivers control the speed to ensure safety, and residents reduce wearing masks when going out. In the event of a snowstorm, relevant departments should do a good job in traffic guidance, close road traffic when necessary, do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting, and drivers should drive carefully to prevent the impact of road icing. Strategic measure 7: Artificial influence to help reduce disasters. Weather modification has become an important scientific and technological means to reduce disasters. Under suitable weather conditions, organizing artificial precipitation enhancement, artificial rain suppression, artificial hail suppression and artificial fog elimination can effectively resist and reduce the impact and losses of meteorological disasters such as drought, floods, hail and fog. Strategic measure 8: Risk assessment, prepare for a rainy day. The risk of natural disasters refers to the degree of disasters that may be reached in the next few years and the possibility of their occurrence. Carry out disaster risk investigation, analysis and evaluation, understand the occurrence regularity of different disasters in specific areas, understand the impact of disaster-causing factors of various natural disasters on nature, society, economy and environment, and the short-term and long-term changes of the impact, and take actions on this basis to reduce the risk of natural disasters and reduce the losses caused by natural disasters to social economy and people's lives and property. Natural disaster risk assessment includes disaster monitoring and identification, determination of natural disaster classification and evaluation criteria, establishment of disaster information system and evaluation model, disaster risk assessment and countermeasures. Regions with different levels of development have different sensitivity and vulnerability to natural disasters, and their disaster prevention and relief capabilities are also different. The economic strength, development level, social system and self-organization ability of the disaster-stricken areas are all important factors affecting the regional self-help and recovery ability. In economically developed areas, once a major natural disaster occurs, the recovery ability is strong and the speed is fast, but the greater the loss; Underdeveloped areas have weak ability to resist natural disasters. When the disaster-causing factors are combined with the fragility of nature, society, economy and environment, the disaster risk will also increase. Through the comprehensive risk assessment of natural disasters and the application of the assessment results, we can further explore the risk management model and preventive measures of natural disasters, control disasters in a targeted manner, standardize the use of disaster-prone areas, and improve our understanding of disasters. The experiences and practices of the United States and other developed countries in disaster risk assessment are worth learning and learning from. Since the 1960s, the United States has established government agencies to survey and survey inland and surrounding waters, forests and other natural resources, and collected a large number of data on floods, fires, storms and related disasters, providing scientific basis for disaster management in relevant areas. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the US Geological Survey, the Coastal and Geological Survey and the US Forest Service have recorded a lot of information about floods, shipping disasters, extreme weather events, forest fires and related causes and measures. According to the risk assessment data, build large-scale disaster prevention projects, such as dams, reservoirs and seawalls. And "refuge" places in case of emergency; Control the use of disaster-prone land according to law; Formulate disaster prevention standards and regulations for buildings and infrastructure; Through education and publicity, improve the disaster prevention awareness of residents in disaster-prone areas; Carry out crop, flood and earthquake insurance; Experiments to improve climate, such as artificial precipitation enhancement, fog elimination, storm mitigation, and reduction of formation fracture pressure, are carried out to avoid earthquakes.