I have studied and studied various national English training textbooks and tutorials for a long time, discussed and discussed various English learning methods, and read a lot of books about the development and laws of English language. After nearly six years of preparation and editing, I finally compiled this most scientific, reasonable, effective, fastest and most practical English counseling book. The ultimate goal of this book is to believe that every reader is the best teacher for self-study, and with this book, the ability to learn English words can be directly copied to the readers themselves.
This book is divided into four sections: the first section is mainly the first section, which mainly tells the meaning, content, function and measurement standard of retrospective method, and also describes the historical development process of English vocabulary sources and English vocabulary memory methods; The second part mainly includes the second and third parts, mainly about the methods and skills of learning English and English vocabulary by tracing back to the source; The third part is mainly the fourth to tenth parts, which mainly tells the whole process of learning English vocabulary from the source, such as cognition, application, practice, ability replication and improvement. The ultimate goal of this part is to copy the ability to learn English vocabulary directly to every reader through this process, so that every reader can gain confidence, courage and ability to conquer English. The fourth part is mainly the eleventh and the second part, which mainly talks about testing the effect of your English learning by tracing back to the source, and the problems that should be paid attention to in the process of learning English in the future.
People can be divided into three types: foresight, hindsight and unconsciousness. I hope readers believe that there are the most scientific, reasonable, effective, fastest and practical ways to learn English vocabulary. I firmly believe that you are a prophet, and I believe you will be interested in this book. I hope you don't hesitate, I hope you can learn the description method as soon as possible, and I hope you can realize your dream of conquering English easily as soon as possible!
This book is suitable for all English learners and people who want to learn English, especially beginners. Reading this book can save you a lot of detours, save you a lot of time and money, and make you more relaxed and happy on the road of learning English! Of course, as long as you study hard and apply what you have learned, I believe your grades will be "further"! I believe your grades will have a qualitative leap! I believe that English vocabulary will no longer be a stumbling block to your progress! I believe there will be another scene in your study career!
In the process of writing and publishing this book, Huo Yongze, Liu Haifu, Ai, Jia, Liu Qiang, Li Jing, He Hua, Zhao Gaiyan, Jia Zhiping, Fan Ke, Yang Fengjiang, Zhang Hui, Ou Yangfei and others have also done a lot of work. I express my heartfelt thanks to them for their help.
Due to the limited level of editors, lack of experience and limited information, there are inevitably omissions and mistakes in the book. Please criticize and correct me.
Editor's editor
June 2009 1 day
Excerpts from books
Part one: Tracing back to the historical development of English vocabulary sources and vocabulary memory methods.
Vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar are the three major elements of a language. Among them, vocabulary is the basic unit of thinking concept and language. To learn a language well, we must first master a certain vocabulary. How to learn English words well, can memorize a large number of English words with less energy, faster speed and better effect, which is closely related to effective learning methods.
First, the meaning, content, function and measurement standard of retrospective method
(A) the meaning of retrospective method
Traceability is the most basic method to understand the present situation and development of English research in world linguistics. This method follows and applies the general principles of linguistics and is the most scientific, reasonable and effective way to learn English vocabulary. Specifically, on the basis of learning word formation, it integrates various scientific methods of memorizing words at home and abroad, and finally summarizes a memory rule. As long as you can master this method, you will get not only a skill to learn English vocabulary, but also an ability to learn English vocabulary. Once you have this ability, you don't need help from others. You can choose your own vocabulary book to learn according to your own needs. From then on, you will not be blind and have no confidence in learning vocabulary. You will not be at a loss in the face of any vocabulary book! Of course, at this time, when you face words, it is no longer memory, but learning. Because the ultimate goal of learning description method is: no longer remember words!
This method mainly introduces and studies English vocabulary from the following two aspects: (1) the content and significance of word formation; (2) In word formation, the most common method of memorizing words.
(2) the content contained in the tracking method
The content and significance of 1. word formation
Word-formation is a general term, which is the sum of all methods for scientific research on the development and laws of vocabulary. With the continuous progress of society, language is also developing. In this development process, some words have been eliminated and forgotten by people, and many new words have emerged according to the needs of society. In the process of vocabulary extinction and re-creation, people have summarized some good word-formation methods. The continuous use of these methods makes it one of the laws that must be observed in the development of vocabulary. When these rules are summed up together, they become word formation.
Word formation is a subject that can help us enlarge and consolidate vocabulary, understand the structure of words, and reasonably infer the meaning of words through known components, thus helping us remember, understand and master vocabulary.
2. In word formation, the most common way to remember words.
(1) transformation method: it is a method to transform a word from one part of speech to another. This method belongs to the category of grammar and is found in general grammar books. It has various forms and is very complicated. Ordinary scholars can find some common forms to learn and apply what they have learned. Because it belongs to grammar, most English teachers will teach us at school, so I won't discuss it here. For example: ① noun to verb: bicycle → to bicycle, cage → to cage; ② Adjectives are transformed into verbs: black → black/discolored, cool → cool; ③ Adjectives are transformed into nouns: funny → comic dialogue actor/news, daily newspaper → daily newspaper.
(2) Synthesis: that is, combining two or more phrases into a new word, that is, a compound word. This method also belongs to the category of grammar, and you can look up grammar books to learn. For example: rain+coat = raincoat, class+room = classroom, book+bookshelf = bookshelf.
(3) Affix method: commonly known as "derivation method", it is a method of adding prefixes, suffixes or conjunctions to words or roots to form new words. This method is the most widely used, frequent and practical scientific method in word formation, and it is also the most comprehensive and detailed method in this book. For example: AP-emphasis+-pear-appearance → appearance/looks/seemingly, con-together+-sist-station → consistcomposition, -social-social+-ety noun suffix → society society.
(4) Meta-derivation: it is the process of deriving new words from known words, and in this process, new words are formed by changing vowels, consonants or letter combinations of the root without using prefixes or suffixes. This is not a method originally, but a historical phenomenon, but these phenomena are developing constantly, and some common phenomena have been preserved and played a certain role in modern English, so it is necessary for us to study it as a method. For example: heavy transport road → lead the way, gold plating → gold plating, grain → feed feeding.
(5) Reverse order method: commonly known as "reverse order method" or "reverse word formation", this method is based on the wrong use of affixation (for example, demarcation is not generated by demarcation+-ion, but demarcating is generated by demarcation). Affix method needs to add some components to form words, but it removes some components from the original vocabulary to form new words. For example: editing → editing, typewriter → typewriter, lazy → lazy.
(6) Abbreviation: commonly known as "reduction method", this method can not create new words, but it is a method of combining the main letters of some original words to replace the original words. The new words formed by this method are generally new in pronunciation and spelling. Because these new words are more convenient to use, this method is also popular. The biggest feature of this method is that abbreviations are not the only words to express a concept, but coexist with the complete words that produce it in the language. For example: doc = doctor/doctor, fan = fan, zoo = zoo garden zoo.
(7) Mixed method: commonly known as "mixed method", this method can not create new words, it is a process of intercepting part of each word in a group of words and re-spelling a new word. The number of such words is not too large, and most of them are chemical nouns, proper nouns or humorous neologisms. For example, radar = radio detection and ranging, smoke = smoke, motorboat = motorboat.
(8) Onomatopoeia: commonly known as "onomatopoeia", it is a method of creating new words by imitating natural sounds. These new words have no deep meaning except expressing sound. For example: ① Imitate nature: Ah! Ah! = there was a sleepy sound of the sea; ② Imitate animals: Bss-ss! = indicates that bees are buzzing; 3 imitation musical instrument: Pom! Bye, bye! The piano broke into a passionate piano sound
(9) Stress transposition method: In the early stage of English development, there was a method to construct new words by transferring stress. Although this method is not widely used now, there are still some pairs of words that have been preserved to this day. They belong to different parts of speech, which are mainly distinguished by different stress positions. The stress of nouns or adjectives is generally placed on the first syllable, and the stress of verbs is generally placed on the second syllable. For example: ① Affix attachment → AF fixed attachment; ② "Limit the scope → limit the boundary"; ③ Increase of increase → increase of creation.
(C) the role of tracking methods
The highest level of memorizing words is: learn without memorizing, that is, you don't need to memorize words specially, you can remember any words you want. However, to reach this level, scholars must have an ability, that is, the ability to remember words. The whole learning process of traceability method is the process of copying this ability for you. Once you have this ability, you don't have to recite words, which is of course the ultimate goal of learning the source method.
(4) Measurement standard of tracer method
The only criterion to measure whether you have mastered the description method is whether you have the ability to remember words completely.