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The fifth grade elementary school Chinese second volume reading exercises answers.
Answer:

The author of "1 Grassland" is Lao She, whose original name is Shu Qingchun, whose real name is She Yu, Manchu, and he is called People's Artist. Representative works include: Camel Xiangzi and Teahouse. We studied his cat and hen. 4444444444

This article is what the author saw, heard and felt when he visited the Inner Mongolia prairie for the first time, praising the beautiful scenery of the grassland and the unity of all ethnic groups.

According to the sequence of events, the article describes it as: grassland scenery map, welcome map and host-guest party map. Through these pictures, the beauty of grassland scenery, humanistic feelings and folk customs are expressed.

Grassland scenery: vast and green; People on the grassland: hospitality.

5 understand the sentence:

1 > "Mongolians and China people love each other deeply, why can't they bear to say goodbye?"

Mongolian and Chinese people have a deep friendship, so how can we part at once! Everyone stood on the vast prairie in the sunset, pouring out their feelings of farewell to each other. This sentence is the central sentence of the full text.

Under the sun, thousands of miles away, but not boundless.

This sentence is the central sentence of the first natural paragraph, which describes the vast green grassland.

3 > In this realm, even horses and Daniel sometimes stand still, as if recalling the infinite fun of grassland.

"aftertaste": recall carefully and savor carefully. This is the natural pasture for cattle and horses. In the writer's eyes, the grassland scenery is picturesque and has unlimited fun, so even the standing horses and cattle, like people, seem to be intoxicated, enjoying and recalling. This anthropomorphic writing forms the artistic realm of scene blending and enhances the appeal of grassland scenery.

white poplar

1 Using figurative writing techniques, he enthusiastically praised the frontier builders' spirit of obeying the needs of the motherland, taking root in the frontier, building the frontier and dedicating themselves to the frontier.

2 understand the sentence:

Poplar is always so straight. Where it is needed, it will quickly take root and sprout and grow thick branches. It is always so straight, so strong, not weak, and never wavers, regardless of wind, sand, rain, snow, drought and flood.

This sentence is a metaphor for people, describing the characteristics of poplar: A is tall and straight, B is strong in vitality, and C is strong and unshakable, praising the spirit of frontier builders who obey the needs of the motherland, take root in the frontier, build the frontier and devote themselves to the frontier.

Did dad just introduce poplars to the children? No, he is also expressing his own feelings.

Confession: explanation.

This is a rhetorical question. Dad encouraged himself with poplars, expressed his ambition with things, and encouraged himself to take root and build the frontier like poplars.

Suddenly, a smile appeared on his mouth, because he saw the right side of the train, next to a tall poplar tree, several small trees were growing up against the wind and sand.

"Tall poplars" refer to frontier builders like Dad; "A few small trees" refers to the children of frontier builders. Dad has taken root in the frontier and devoted himself to it. He hopes that his children will be cultivated like small trees and become the pillars of frontier construction.

Three ancient poems

1 "The Shepherd Boy" Poetry: Yuan Ye is boundless, full of green; The evening breeze is blowing the weeds. I haven't seen the shepherd boy come back yet, but I first heard the melodious and approaching flute of the shepherd boy coming from the wind. The flute sounded intermittently and fluttered with the wind. The shepherd boy came back and had a good meal. It's already after dusk. He didn't even take off his hemp fiber, so he lay in the open field to rest on a moonlit night.

2 "Boat Crossing Anren" poem: On a small fishing boat, there are two children. They put away the bamboo poles and stopped the oars. Oh, no wonder they open umbrellas when it doesn't rain. It turns out that they don't want to shelter from the rain, but want to use an umbrella to let the wind push the boat forward!

Moral of Qingpingle Village Residence: There is a thatched cottage beside Caoxi. Someone in the room is talking, making fun of each other, with a gentle southern accent, drunk. who is it? It turned out to be a white-haired couple. Outside the thatched cottage, the eldest son of the old couple is weeding in the bean field east of the stream, the second son is knitting a chicken coop, and the naughty and lovely younger son is peeling lotus flowers by the stream, which makes people particularly like it.

The Shepherd Boy is the work of Lv Yan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The first sentence of the poem is written by vilen, and the second sentence is written by a flute, which gives people visual and auditory feelings respectively. Three or four sentences in the poem describe a shepherd boy who has had enough to eat and rest, and create a carefree and carefree image of the shepherd boy, expressing his yearning for staying away from the noise and enjoying his old age.

Boat Crossing Anren is the work of Yang Wanli, a poet in the Song Dynasty. In this poem, the first two sentences describe what the author saw, and the last two sentences describe what the author realized. We also studied his book Xugong Store in Su Xin City.

6 The word "Qingpingle Village Residence". Words, also called long and short sentences. The writer is Xin Qiji, a poet in Song Dynasty. (He is a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and his masterpiece Jia Ji Short Sentences is You An and Jia Xuan. )

Dongyang childhood camel team

1 The camel team in Dongyang's childhood is the preface of Lin's novel Old Things in the South of the City. We have studied the book "Reading Secretly" written by her.

The text has written four life segments around childhood: learning to chew camels, imagining camel bells, watching camels shed their hair, and missing camel teams.

Why do camels wear bells? Dad's explanation is to prevent wolves, and the idea of "I" is that camel drivers can't stand the loneliness of long journeys and increase the fun of walking. Your guess is.

The discovery of childhood

1 This article describes a discovery made by the author in his childhood: the law of embryo development. This process has generally gone through three interrelated stages: flying in a dream; Think about why you fly in your dreams, the teacher's explanation; It is the discovery of the author's childhood to question how people came from and make bold guesses about it.

Fedoroff is a child with curiosity, exploration spirit and bold imagination.

3 "I see-important inventions and discoveries in the world sometimes face the risk of expulsion and persecution." Give an example to illustrate the understanding of this sentence.

This sentence is a pun. It not only tells some real situations in the development of science, but also Archimedes and Copernicus had such experiences. It was "I" who expressed my views on this matter in a humorous and self-deprecating way, meaning, who made me make such a big discovery? It is not surprising to be kicked out of the classroom. The author lists himself with people who have made great inventions and discoveries in the world, which is a real reason to comfort himself.

Yang's son

1 The Son of Yang, selected from Shi Shuo Xin Yu in the Southern Dynasties, is a novel that mainly records anecdotes of gentry from the late Han Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty.

Full text meaning: In Liang State, there is a family named Yang, and there is a nine-year-old son who is very clever. One day, Junping Kong came to visit his father. It happened that his father was not at home, so Junping Kong called the child out. The child brought Junping Kong fruits, including bayberry. Junping Kong pointed to Yangmei and showed it to the children, saying, "This is the fruit of your family." The child immediately replied, "I haven't heard that peacock is your bird."

3 understand the sentence:

Liang's son is nine years old and very clever.

This sentence plays the role of the full text.

2 > Confucius pointed out to his son, "This is the fruit of your family." The son replied, "I haven't heard that peacock is a master of poultry." Where is the clever answer?

Speak tactfully, politely, think quickly, and be witty and humorous.

Yan zi makes Chu.

1 "Yan Zi makes Chu" tells the story that at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan Zi, a doctor of the State of Qi, sent a mission to Chu, and the king of Chu insulted Yan Zi three times, trying to show the prestige of Chu. Yan Zi fought back cleverly and safeguarded the dignity of himself and the country. This article is written in the order of events. At the beginning, it is written that the king of Chu wants to insult Yan Zi, which is the origin of the story. Then write that the king of Chu insulted Yan Zi three times, and Yan Zi responded tactfully. Here's the thing. Finally, I wrote that the king of Chu dared not disrespect Yan Zi, and this is the result of the story.

Yan Zi is an eloquent, witty, brave and loving person.

Goodbye, dear people.

1 Similarities of writing methods in the first three paragraphs of the text:

Narrating in the tone of conversation, starting with the statement of request, ending with rhetorical question, and narrating in the form of memory.

2. The last three paragraphs of the text express the feelings of the volunteers by phone, and express the feelings of the volunteers and the Korean people.

3 sentence understanding:

Goodbye, dear friends! Goodbye, dear land!

Express through repeated calls. "Goodbye" means "farewell" and "relatives" means "intimacy"; Calling for "dear land" and emphasizing "deep attachment", the call here is brief, cordial, sincere and touching, expressing the inseparable feelings between the volunteers and the Korean people.

Train, please drive slowly, let's take another look at the relatives of North Korea, and let's stop for a minute on this land where blood has been spilled.

The train has started, and the volunteers asked for "the train to start slowly" to prolong the stay on Korean land and postpone the time of parting with relatives. It further shows that the friendship between the Chinese and Korean people is condensed with blood.

Goodbye, relatives! Our hearts will always be with you.

This is the call of the volunteers and the voice of the Korean people. It tells people that in the test of blood and fire, the people of China and North Korea have forged an unbreakable and profound friendship.

bridge

1 The author of this article created a glorious image of an ordinary old party member with deep affection. He has the lofty spirit of selflessness, fearlessness and heroic dedication.

2. What is the profound connotation of the title "Bridge"?

It was the old branch secretary who gave the hope of life to others, left the danger of death to himself, and built a bridge of life across death with his own flesh and blood. This bridge is the "bridge" for party member, an outstanding member of our Party represented by the old branch secretary, to keep close contact with the masses.

There are three outstanding characteristics in the expression method.

(1) has a novel and unique conception, suspense and care before and after, which has achieved a shocking artistic effect.

(2) In this paper, short sentences and paragraphs are often used to render the tense atmosphere and strengthen the tragic color of the story.

(3) A large number of rhetorical methods such as metaphor and personification are used to enhance expressive force.

4 sentence comprehension.

The old man's thin face was dripping with rain. He didn't speak and stared at the noisy people. He is like a mountain.

This is a metaphor, comparing the old man to "a mountain", showing the majesty and calmness of the old man, which is in sharp contrast with the performance of the masses during the flash floods. The position of the old man in people's minds is written. This "mountain" is the "backing" for people to gain hope in life.

The wooden bridge began to tremble and groan in pain.

Here, the author uses anthropomorphic rhetoric method, which not only vividly describes the critical situation that the wooden bridge is about to break under the impact of flood and heavy pressure of people, but also lays the foundation for the following description of the collapse of the wooden bridge.

Overall harmony

1 This article is adapted from Sima Qian's Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. Will refer to Lian Po, Lin Xiangru, and reconciliation.

This article has written three short stories, namely "One Piece Return to Zhao", "Mianchi Conference" and "Apologize with an humble apology". Among them, "returning to Zhao in perfect condition" is the cause of the incident, "Mianchi Meeting" is the development of "returning to Zhao in perfect condition", and "offering a humble apology" is the result of this incident.

Lin Xiangru has both wisdom and courage, is not afraid of violence, puts national interests first, takes the overall situation into consideration, and knows the big picture. Lian Po is a man who dares to turn over a new leaf and puts national interests first.

The apparent reason for the "discord" between the two leaders is Lin Xiangru's continuous promotion, ranking above Lian Po, but the real reason is Lian Po's misunderstanding. On the surface, the reason for making peace is that Lin Xiangru is broad-minded, and Lian Po dares to admit his mistakes, correct his mistakes, and offer a humble apology. The practical reason is that they have a common patriotic thought.

to borrow arrows with thatched boats

1 Zhou Yu was jealous of Zhuge Liang's talent and asked Zhuge Liang to build 100 thousand arrows in ten days to frame him. Zhuge Liang used clever means to "borrow an arrow" from Cao Cao and foiled Zhou Yu's plot against him. Zhou Yu had to admire Zhuge Liang's ability to surpass himself.

The story takes "borrowing" as the main line and is told in the order of things. First wrote the reason why the grass boat borrowed the arrow; Then he wrote the preparation of Zhuge Liang's grass boat borrowing arrows; Then focus on the process of borrowing arrows from grass boats; Finally, I wrote the result of the incident-the arrow was delivered to Zhou Yu as scheduled, and Zhou Yu sighed.

The beginning and end of the article are in harmony.

4 where is Zhuge Liang's clever calculation?

1 > I know Zhou Yu's sinister intentions. However, he quietly and unexpectedly proposed that it only took three days, and he made a written pledge to fulfill a military order according to Zhou Yu's wishes.

2 > He counted the weather and knew that there must be heavy fog at four o'clock on the third day.

3 > He figured out a way to catch the arrow. Twenty ships are connected by ropes, lined up in a row, and arrows are collected on both sides.

He is also a good man. Knowing that Lu Su was honest and trustworthy, he borrowed a boat from him. He knew Zhou Yu was clever, so he didn't ask Lu Su to borrow the boat. He knew that Cao Cao was cautious and suspicious, and would not send troops easily because he could not see the truth clearly, so he pretended to attack Cao Cao in the foggy night.

He even figured that Zhou Yu would be puzzled after taking the arrow, but he would never ask the reason directly, so he asked Lu Su to take the arrow in the same boat as a witness and go back and tell Zhou Yu the process of taking the arrow.

5 personality characteristics: Zhuge Liang: strategizing, courageous and resourceful, broad-minded, taking care of the overall situation; Zhou Yu: conceited, jealous, resourceful and narrow-minded; Lu Su: Honest and trustworthy; Cao Cao: Suspicious and cautious.

6 sentence comprehension

Zhuge Liang said, "You lend me twenty boats, and each boat needs thirty sergeants. The boat is covered with a green curtain, and more than 1000 straw handles are arranged on both sides of the boat. I have my own clever use. On the third day, I left a hundred thousand arrows. But I can't let the governor know. If he knows, my plan is over. "

This is Zhuge Liang's preparation for borrowing an arrow.

From this we can see that Zhuge Liang is resourceful, courageous and good at employing people. Even before the written pledge to fulfill a military order, he had a plan to borrow arrows from the grass boat.

(2) At this time, it was foggy all over the sky, and I couldn't even see my face clearly on the river ... Zhuge Liang ordered the bow to face west and the stern to face east, and told the sergeant on board to drum and shout.

A choosing "foggy" weather shows that Zhuge Liang is proficient in astronomy and meteorology and accurate in prediction. B Cao Cao didn't dare to "go out easily", just let the crossbowman shoot arrows. C to "connect the ships with ropes" and "spread out word by word", which is not only convenient for unified action and avoids separation, but also makes the area of arrows large. Sergeant D's "beating drums and shouting" is not only to bluff, create the illusion of attack and attract the attention of Cao Cao's army, but also to make Cao Jun clear the goal and direction of archery. It can be seen that Zhuge Liang is thoughtful and cleverly arranged.

Zhuge Liang said with a smile, "Cao Cao must not dare to send troops in such a heavy fog." We just drink for fun and go back at dawn. " Why did Zhuge Liang say with a smile?

Because Zhuge Liang knew that Cao Cao was suspicious and cautious in using troops, he would not "go out easily" without seeing the truth clearly. This smile shows Zhuge Liang's self-confidence, generosity, thoroughness, cleverness and heroic qualities.

Zhuge Liang ordered the boat to be turned over, with the bow facing east and the stern facing west. He was still beating drums and shouting, and was shot by an arrow as he approached the water village in Cao Jun.

"Turn the boat over, with the bow facing east and the stern facing west": it can not only receive the arrows from both sides, but also keep the balance of the hull, and it is also convenient to return smoothly after the arrows are full. Dare to approach Cao Cao's arrow shows that Zhuge Liang knows Cao Cao's suspicious and cautious character like the back of his hand. Zhuge Liang is thoughtful and ingenious. He not only has rich astronomical knowledge, but also has superb military command ability.

Borrowing an Arrow from a Grass Boat is selected from Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of China's four classical novels. The other three works are The Water Margin and A Dream of Red Mansions by Journey to the West.

A set of character descriptions

1 The Wrestling between Xiao Gazi and Fat Duner is selected from the novella Zhang Ga, Yan Jiansheng was selected from The Scholars before his death, and Feng's Chili Meets Lin Daiyu was selected from A Dream of Red Mansions. A Dream of Red Mansions is one of China's four classical novels, written by Cao Xueqin, a novelist in Qing Dynasty.

2 The clip "Little Gazi Wrestling with Fatty" mainly describes the scene of little Gazi wrestling with Fatty. First, Xiao Gazi proposed wrestling. In the process of wrestling, he always tries to make clever moves everywhere, and as a result, he is thrown on his back by a chubby child. This clip focuses on the action and psychological activities of Xiao Gazi, which embodies the characteristics of Xiao Gazi's naughty, alert, competitive and scheming.

Before Yan Jiansheng died, Yan Jiansheng lit two rushes and held out two fingers because of the lamp, until Zhao picked one and died. Through a detailed description of Yan Jiansheng before his death, he portrayed the image of a miser who loved money as much as his life.

4 "Feng Chili and Lin Daiyu fall in love at first sight" focuses on how Lin Daiyu met "Feng Chili" when she first entered the Grand View Garden. Through the description of Wang Xifeng's portrait, language and actions, this paper depicts her image as provocative, arrogant, eloquent, flattering, have it both ways, fond of manipulating power and showing off her privileges and status.

I didn't see him, but I heard his voice first: "I came late and didn't see the guests far away", and Wang Xifeng's portrait description and her words to Lin Daiyu are both positive descriptions of Wang Xifeng. Lin Daiyu's thoughts and doubts, and Jia Mu's comments on Wang Xifeng's banter and laughter are the profile descriptions of Wang Xifeng.

My own flowers are for others to see.

1 The author Ji Xianlin is a famous linguist, educator and social activist in China. We studied the article "Dialogue between Young Tree and Big Tree" related to him.

2 understand the sentence:

1 > All for one and one for all. I think this realm is quite intriguing.

The "state" here means: "All for one and all for one". "Quite" means "very, very". "Thought-provoking" is meaningful and worth pondering. "I am for everyone" means that everyone should have others in mind, have a sense of social responsibility, take practical actions for the sake of the public and do their duty for the society. If everyone thinks so, it will inevitably lead to the result of "everyone for me". An example of "everyone for me and I for everyone": students take turns to clean the classroom on duty, and each person brings extra-curricular books to the class to set up a book corner. All for one and one for all.

There have been changes, but beauty has not changed.

"Beauty has not changed" means that the beautiful scenery along the street in Germany has not changed, and the beautiful state of the German people "everyone for me and I for everyone" has not changed.

Venice's ship

1 The text shows us the unique scenery of Venice, a famous water city, by introducing the appearance of ships in Venice, the superb skills of boatmen and the important role of ships.

"Control freely" means that the boatman is skilled, flexible and handy in driving a small boat. From (1) this ship is very fast. (2) In very narrow and crowded places, ships can pass smoothly or make sharp turns. It shows.

Boats are closely related to people's lives: during the day, as soon as the boats are dispatched, the city is noisy and full of vitality; In the evening, as soon as the ship docked, Venice fell asleep silently. This description of stillness contrasts with the description of stillness, highlighting the important role of ships in people's lives-ships dock quietly in the city, and ships move noisily in the city. The liveliness and quietness of the ancient city of Venice are closely related to the movement and quietness of ships, and ships are important means of transportation in small towns.

The writing characteristics of this course are: combining human activities with things and customs to describe.

This article is Mark Twain's landscape prose. We also studied his book The Magic of Money.

6 understand the sentence:

1 > Venice is a world-famous water city with criss-crossing rivers. Ships become the main means of transportation, which is equivalent to cars on the street.

"Street" refers to the river and "car" refers to the boat.

The boats in Venice are twenty or thirty feet long, narrow and deep, a bit like canoes. The bow and stern are tilted upward, like a crescent moon hanging on the horizon, with light and flexible movements, like a water snake in a ditch.

This passage uses three metaphors to compare the characteristics of a boat to a canoe; Compare the characteristics of the boat to the two ends of the new moon; Compare the lightness and flexibility of the boat to a water snake.

Comprehensive Learning: Entering the Information World

1 Since ancient times, people have been constantly updating and improving the way of information transmission. More than 2700 years ago, our ancestors used bonfires to send messages. In 490 BC, the Greek Phidipitz sent messages by running. 1943, Columbus sent a letter to the Queen of Spain with a drift bottle.

In ancient times, people mostly relied on couriers to send greetings to distant relatives. In modern times, people rely on the postal system to transmit information. In the 1930s, Morse invented the telegraph. Later, Bell invented the telephone, which made information transmission more convenient and faster than before. 1984, the first multimedia computer was born. 1993, the American government put forward the plan to build an "information superhighway". Nowadays, computer networks connect the world together.

Writing a simple research report should include the following contents: raising the question of 1; 2 > survey methods; 3 > investigation and data collation; 4 > conclusion. Among them, the focus is on the conclusion.