18 16 entered the Academy of Fine Arts and studied in the studio of Ge Lan, a disciple of David. At this time, he often went to the Louvre to copy the works of Rubens and Willoni. At the same time, he was influenced by his classmate Skirico and tried to describe the reality. He advocated Italian Renaissance art and inherited and developed the achievements and traditions of Venetian School, Dutch School and artists such as Rubens and constable. 1822—
His works are full of romantic style, and he is good at transforming abstract meditation and implication into artistic images. Few people can compare with him in expressing the depth and intensity of feelings and describing the fierceness and momentum of sports. 1822, he published the original romantic work Dante and Virgil (also known as Dante's Ship), which challenged David's stale traditionalism in all directions with strong rhythm and romantic passion. When Sharon was exhibited, it immediately caused a sensation in the Paris art world. Based on Dante's Divine Comedy, this work, which shows the contradiction between good and evil, has become the central figure of romanticism with its perceptual image, tragic strength, true description of human disasters and bold composition.
From 182 1 to 1828, the uprising for national independence held by the Greek people was brutally suppressed. With great sympathy, he wrote the Shia and Greek massacres on the ruins of Mesolon, showing the disaster and unyielding of the Greeks and the brutality of the Turks. These two works further intensified the struggle between romanticism and classicism, and were immediately criticized by the so-called "painting massacre" by the academic school, but they were loved by progressives, and made Delacroix a first-class painter at that time, thus establishing his position as a standard bearer of romanticism. The Shia Island Massacre was once exclaimed by the classical painter Jean-Batis-Camille Koro as: the color massacre! It is said that before the exhibition, he was moved by the bright colors of constable's landscape paintings on display at the same time, and redrawn the background of the works, thus showing a stronger impression.
During the period of 1825, Delacroix visited Britain, and the bright colors of British paintings made him even more dissatisfied with the difficult lines and poor colors of the French academic school. During this period, I made friends with painters such as wilkie and Bonington. Influenced by English painting, his works become brighter and more passionate. In his later works, he deliberately emphasized the subtle relationship between light and color. A number of paintings based on Shakespeare, Goethe, Byron and other literary works are all portrayed with gorgeous colors, grand composition, strong contrast between light and shade and profound psychology, and are called models of romanticism by later generations. For example, The Death of Sadhana Burroughs (also translated as The Death of Sadhana) adapted from Byron's poem and two drifting Carys, Faust in the Study (1827) adapted from Goethe's Faust, and Hamlet written for Shakespeare.
1830, the completion of "Freedom to Guide the People" is an ode to the people's struggle for freedom and rights. The picture depicts the images of workers, petty bourgeoisie and intellectuals, and the painting technique combines metaphor with reality. The Statue of Liberty with tricolor flag highlights the characteristics of romanticism, with distinct theme, strong integration of light and color and unrestrained feelings, which is its most distinctive masterpiece. This painting "Leading the People Freely" is an echo of the famous work "Les Miserables" by the romantic writer victor hugo. This painting was printed on the paper money of 100 francs and the stamp of 1980 issued by the French government, and is now in the Louvre. 1832' s trip to Africa was the dividing line of Delacroix's creation, and all his previous creations revolved around romantic themes and images. Since then, many works have strengthened their aesthetic tendency because they are divorced from life.
Dissatisfied with the authorities, he began to escape from reality.
From 65438 to 0832, Delacroix traveled to Morocco and Algeria with Count Monel, the French ambassador to Sudan, and created a lot of exotic works. He consciously used complementary color contrast in color, restored the gorgeous colors of18th century, and opened the way for neo-impressionism. Many works show the tendency of aestheticism. The result of this trip, The Woman in Algiers (1834), is a work with harmonious colors. Another painting, The Jewish Wedding in Morocco (1839), shows the wedding ceremony held in accordance with the national tradition, and the painter focuses on describing the unique wedding atmosphere.
During this period, Delacroix focused on creating historical paintings. His historical paintings are different from those of academic classicism, because they give a new explanation of historical events and show the characters' personalities and bold poetic thoughts. He combined history, philosophy, religion and people's sufferings, which made his works The Battle of Teyeburg (1837) and Crusaders Entering Constantinople (1840) full of tragic atmosphere and drama. It is said that this impressionist painter benefited a lot from the use of women's back color in the foreground of his work Crusaders Entering Constantinople.
Delacroix's portraits, such as The Portrait of Chopin (1838) and The Portrait of George Thornton (1838), are masterpieces that vividly and accurately capture the mental outlook of the object. Around 1847, Delacroix was the House of Representatives of Bourbon Palace (1833 ~ 1838), the Bourbon Palace Library (1847), the Luxembourg Palace Library (1846) and St. Sulpice's Church (. These commemorative oil paintings show Delacroix's rich imagination, but also reveal the emptiness and poverty of life and image in his later works.
1863 On August 3rd, the great master died in his apartment in Firstenberg Square. His estate manager found more than 9,000 of his works in his studio, including 853 oil paintings, 65,438+0,525 pastels and watercolors, 6,629 sketches, 24 copperplate prints, 65,438+009 lithographs, 60 Yu Ben sketches, and sketches, memory paintings and replicas of ancient masters' works. One of them kept a diary and studied chromatics deeply.
Delacroix is the pride of the French people. Most of his works are kept in the Louvre Museum in Paris, and the Louvre has set up several exhibition rooms to preserve his works.