Introduction to Yuelu Academy 1 Ladies and gentlemen,
I am honored to be a tour guide and enjoy the charming scenery of Yuelu Academy with you. You can call me Li xx. I hope you can have a good time. Let's start a beautiful journey!
Yuelu Academy was founded in the ninth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 976, it was one of the four famous academies in China in the Song Dynasty. It experienced four dynasties: Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. In the 29th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, namely 1903, it was restructured into a Hunan institution of higher learning. Later, it was renamed and adjusted many times, and was officially named Hunan University on 1926. During the period, it lasted for thousands of years, and there were endless string songs, so it was called "Millennium University".
The couplet in front of the door reads: "Chu has drawn a thousand years from this modern auspicious learning and won glory with Japan." This is written by Yu Yu, a researcher at the Institute of Philosophy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and vice chairman of the China Calligraphers Association. This paper summarizes the historical position and role of Yuelu Academy in personnel training and academic development.
When you enter the gate, you can see the brand of national key cultural relics protection units. Yuelu Academy is the oldest, most intact and largest ancient academy in China. Chinese Academy began in the Tang Dynasty, when it was just a place to collect books, read books and compile books. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the rulers carried out the policy of "restraining martial arts and cultivating literature" and encouraged private schools. The educational function of the academy has been highlighted and developed rapidly, and it has become a new educational system in which official schools and private schools coexist. The most famous academies at that time were Yingtian Academy in Shangqiu, Henan, Haoyang Academy in Dengfeng, Henan, Bailu Academy in Lushan, Jiangxi and Yuelu Academy in Changsha. But only Yuelu Academy continued to operate for thousands of years and developed into a modern university-Hunan University. So Yuelu Academy can be said to be the epitome of education in China.
Please go forward and board the ancient stage in front.
Yuelu Academy Tour Guide 2 Dear friends,
Hello everyone! Welcome to visit Yuelu Academy, a Millennium institution. I am very happy to be a tour guide. Where we are now is the front door of Yuelu Academy. Please look up. There is a plaque of the Millennium University. Why is Yuelu Academy called the Millennium Academy? Yuelu Academy was founded in the ninth year of Kaibao (AD 976) by Zhu Dong, the governor of Tanzhou. It has a history of 1000 years, so it is called "Millennium University". It, together with Bailudong Academy in Jiangxi and Suiyang Academy in Songyang Academy in Henan, is called the four major academies in ancient China.
Ok, now let's feel the strong cultural atmosphere of the Millennium University. From this plan of Yuelu Academy, we can find that the layout of ancient buildings in Yuelu Academy is a courtyard with symmetrical central axis and many depths, in which the lecture hall is located in the center of the central axis, which is the center of the whole academy. Academy architecture mainly has three functions: giving lectures, collecting books and offering sacrifices. This is Hershey stage, which was a stage to reward gods for acting in ancient times. When Zhu gives lectures at Yuelu Academy, he often gets up early to watch the sunrise on Yuelu Mountain. When he saw the sunrise, he clapped his hands and cheered "Hershey, Hershey", which means the magnificent sun has risen. Later, Wan Zhang built a stage and named it "Hershey Terrace". Along the central axis, we came to the gate of Yuelu Academy. Please look up at the "Yuelu Academy" plaque on the gate, which is from Song Zhenzong. Please look at the couplets on both sides again and say, "Only Chu is talented and prosperous". The first couplet for Chu Youcai comes from Zuo Zhuan, and the second couplet for Si Tuleideng comes from The Analects of Confucius, so this couplet also tells the historical fact that Yuelu Academy is the world's first place where talented people gather.
Now we come to the lecture hall, which is the center of the speech. Later, because Zhu inscribed four characters of loyalty, filial piety, honesty and chastity, it was also called "loyalty, filial piety and chastity". There are three plaques in the lecture hall, namely "seeking truth from facts", "being knowledgeable" and "South Normal University". First of all, let's take a look at the first plaque "Seeking Truth from Facts", which was inscribed by Bin Bucheng, president of Hunan Public School in the early Republic of China. Let's take a look at the second plaque, which was given by Emperor Kangxi. Learning nature is a kind of neo-Confucianism, where sex refers to human nature; Heaven refers to heaven. Cheng Zhu's Neo-Confucianism believes that human goodness is a gift. The purpose of education is to restore man's destiny and achieve the harmony between man and nature. The emperor gave a plaque to encourage students to publicize Neo-Confucianism and strengthen their self-cultivation. At the same time, it tells people that studying here can gain moral cultivation and reach the highest level of knowledge of harmony between man and nature. The innermost plaque in the main vein of Daonan was given by Emperor Qianlong in recognition of Yuelu Academy's achievements in spreading Neo-Confucianism. It means that Zhang Zhu's "Huxiang Studies" spread by Yuelu Academy is the orthodoxy of Neo-Confucianism spread to the south, and the plaque is the original. Taoism here refers to Neo-Confucianism. Having said that, you may ask, what is Neo-Confucianism? Neo-Confucianism is a statement that Confucianism developed to the Song Dynasty. Neo-Confucianism. The founder of Neo-Confucianism was an old gentleman named Zhou Dunyi in Hunan, and the famous brothers Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao developed Neo-Confucianism. Look down again. In the middle of the lecture hall is a rectangular pulpit about one meter high. This is where the teacher used to give lectures. There are two chairs on it to commemorate the two masters, He Zhu. When they were giving lectures, there was an unprecedented activity, and thousands of people came from all over the country to attend the lectures. It can be seen that Zhang Zhu and his wife were very famous at that time. Think about how many famous people there are in history, such as Zeng Guofan, Zuo, Wang Fuzhi and Wei Yuan.
Next, we will visit the Imperial Bookstore, which is part of the collection function of the academy. This is the place where the academy collects books, which is equivalent to our present library. Well, today's tour is coming to an end. After today's visit, I believe you have a general understanding of the history and culture of Yuelu Academy, a thousand-year-old institution. Thank you!
Yuelu Academy Tour Guide 3 Dear tourists,
Hello everyone! Welcome to Yuelu Academy, a millennium university. I am honored to be your tour guide. I will try my best to let you have a certain understanding of the history and cultural connotation of Yuelu Academy through the explanation. Please give us more valuable opinions on the shortcomings.
Yuelu Academy is located in the Qingfeng Gorge of Yuelu Mountain, and our present position is mainly the main entrance of Yuelu Academy. Please look up. There is a plaque of "Millennium University". Why is Yuelu Academy called "Millennium Academy"? Originally, Yuelu Academy was founded in Tanzhou (now Changsha) in the ninth year of Song Taizu Kaibao, that is, in 976 AD, with a history of 1027, so it is known as the Millennium University. The plaque you see above was presented to Yuelu Academy by Changsha Alumni Association of Hunan University in 0986 when Yuelu Academy held its/10 10/0 anniversary celebration. These four words were carved according to the words of Ou Yangxun, a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty.
After more than 1000 years of historical development, the strong cultural atmosphere deposited on various buildings of Yuelu Academy makes today's Yuelu Academy more full of cultural charm. Well, let's feel the strong cultural atmosphere of the Millennium University today!
What you see now is the plan of Yuelu Academy. You can find that the layout of ancient buildings in Yuelu Academy is a courtyard with symmetrical central axis and many depths. The main buildings are the head gate, the gate, the second gate, the lecture hall and the Imperial Book Building, which are all located on the central axis. The lecture hall is located in the center of the central axis and is the center of the whole academy. On both sides of the central axis, there are mainly special ancestral temples for fasting palace and sacrifice. This layout reflects the social and ethical relations in China's Confucian ideology and culture, such as orderly respect and inferiority, different grades and clear priorities.
Academy buildings have three functions: giving lectures, collecting books and offering sacrifices, as well as activity areas and living areas. Next, we will visit in turn according to the layout of the academy, focusing on Hershey terrace, lecture hall and Imperial Book Building.
Along the central axis, we came to the gate of Yuelu Academy. The original city gate was near Jiang Bin Pailou Road, formerly known as "Zhongmen". The gate we see now was built in the Ming Dynasty, renovated during Tongzhi period in the Qing Dynasty, and adopted the structure of the five hard peaks of the South General.
Through the gate, we came to the second gate. There is a plaque of "Famous Mountain Altar Seats" on the forehead of the second door. The famous mountains here reflect Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, because the 72nd peak of Hengshan Mountain is headed by Yan Hui, with Yuelu as the tail and Zu as the tail, which means the last peak of Nanyue.
Yuelu Academy is famous for its mountains, and Yuelu Mountain is more aura because of Yuelu Academy. An altar mat is a seat. In addition to the altar floor, there are seats on it to show students' respect for their teachers. The couplets on both sides say that Yuelu Academy is hidden in the vast green forest and at the foot of the vast Yuelu Mountain. Such an environment is a good place to cultivate one's self-cultivation. No wonder Yuelu Academy has trained so many celebrities.
There is a plaque on the back of the second door: "Xiaoxiang Shi Huai", which is a cultural market and a gathering place for scholars in the Han Dynasty. "Xiaoxiang" generally refers to Hunan, and "Xiaoxiang Shi Huai" means that Yuelu Academy is a gathering place for Hunan cultural celebrities and scholars, which means that Yuelu Academy is full of talents, just like Shi Huai in Han Dynasty.
The lecture hall is the core part of the academy, located in the center of the academy, an important place for teaching and holding major activities, and also the focus of our explanation today, which best reflects the role of Yuelu Academy as a teaching place. The lecture hall, also known as "Quiet Hall" or "Hall of Loyalty and Filial Piety", has been rebuilt eight times in history and repaired more than 30 times on a small scale. The existing buildings were rebuilt during the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, and remained after overhaul during the reign of Tongzhi.
Next, we will visit the last part of the three functions of Yuelu Academy-the sacrificial part of the building, which is located on the right side of the central axis.
The upper part of the right side of the central axis is mainly a temple complex, which is an important part of Yuelu Academy's three functions of giving lectures, collecting books and offering sacrifices. The victims are generally school representatives, cultural celebrities, construction heroes, local governors, well-known mountain leaders, and famous students who are kind to the academy. By offering sacrifices to them, we can achieve the goal of rectifying the academic system, consolidating the style of study and inspiring future generations. In today's words, it is example education.
Now we come to the Confucius Temple, formerly known as the Confucius Temple, which is a place dedicated to the Confucian sage Confucius. Confucian Temple has a direct influence on the education of Yuelu Academy. Throughout the ages, teachers and students have been required to follow the words and deeds of saints. On the first and fifteenth day of each month, the mountain leader leads the students to worship one by one. Every year, the local governor takes part in the two major festivals, Spring and Autumn. The scene is spectacular.
Yuelu Academy is the only ancient academy in China that is still enrolling students. The corridors on both sides of the Confucian Temple are now graduate students' classrooms.
Through the gate, our tour today will be over. After today's visit, I believe you have a general understanding of the history and culture of Yuelu Academy, a thousand-year-old institution. Thank you very much for your cooperation. Have a nice trip. Thank you!
Introduction to Yuelu Academy 4 The reason why Yuelu Academy is full of talents and Hunan Province is full of talents is closely related to the ideological influence of Yuelu Academy's "applying the world", which is also the best embodiment of the word "applying the world". If a person wants to be knowledgeable and help the people, he must study hard and improve himself when he is a teenager. Mulberry trees are widely planted in Yuelu Academy, reminding every student to study as hard as spring silkworms and never stop for life. The rules of stone carving on the wall of the lecture hall are to standardize every student's thought, character and even words and deeds; In the academy, plaques such as "seeking truth from facts" and "Daonan Zhengmai" are also warning every student to keep in mind the fine fashion of being modest and rigorous in learning in Confucian tradition. But is it a talent to study hard and cultivate one's morality? No, talent is not a container of knowledge and morality. He must have everyone's heart and repay the ambition of society. The traditional educational principle of Yuelu Academy of Learning from the World is to require every student to learn knowledge from books and use it for the people. Only those students who save the world and the country can be respected and remembered forever in Yuelu Academy.
It is precisely because Yuelu Academy adheres to the educational principle of "applying what you have learned" that it has trained a large number of elites for the society and China for thousands of years. For example, famous anti-Jin generals visited Jiugong, pioneers of reform Tao Shu and Wei Yuan, ministers of rejuvenation Zeng Guofan and national hero Zuo in Qing Dynasty, and Tan Sitong, Yang Changji, Cai E, Chen Tianhua, etc. were all great practitioners of Yuelu Academy's spirit of "putting things into practice".
During the trip, you must have seen that the reform in Hunan is deepening and the urban construction in Changsha is changing with each passing day. Isn't this the best embodiment of "putting things into practice"? Yuelu Academy has set up such a quiet courtyard, which is dedicated to the masters of Neo-Confucianism and the sages of "statesmanship" for future generations to pay tribute to. It is really necessary to tell every visitor that the best way to realize the value of life is to do things in a down-to-earth manner and repay the society. It is gratifying that "hard work" has been designated by the municipal government as an integral part of our Changsha spirit, which is not only a summary and affirmation of our Changsha people's past contributions, but also a banner. Presumably, when you visit here, you have already realized the true charm of Yuelu Academy, a 1,000-year-old institution of learning.