Reading is a very important way for primary school students to learn Chinese. The reading ability and habits of primary school students seriously affect their understanding of the content expressed in the article and their emotional edification. However, children in rural areas have a narrower reading range than children in cities. Usually, parents buy them fewer extracurricular books, and the investment in extracurricular books is less than that of children in the city. Most children don't have a better learning environment and learning materials, which leads to the phenomenon that many students are biased towards subjects, and children don't like what they don't understand more and more. Therefore, in order to improve primary school students' reading ability, improve their writing level and enrich children's learning content, I think it is a simple and feasible way to open up a "reading corner" in rural areas. Students can take their extracurricular books to school, then number them and borrow them from each other for reading. This can not only provide students with a large number of related books, but also broaden their horizons and let them read after class, so as to promote their reading ability, increase their knowledge and read with each other. This is also a good method worth advocating, especially suitable for rural primary schools to practice. Children exchange their books, which means they have more books to learn and communicate with! Then, in addition to their own book exchange, students can borrow books from the school library, which provides students with reading materials to a great extent.
In order to improve children's extracurricular reading ability, and to prove whether this method is really effective, I also set up a "reading corner" in our class and launched a "free exchange reading" time. I set aside a class every week for children to exchange their favorite books with classmates, and then put the borrowed books back. Of course, children's books are limited, and they can also borrow them from the school library after class. After a period of persistence, I found that the children's homework has improved slightly, but there are still many students who have not made obvious progress. Some children are not interested in reading and always think that reading is nothing! Other children think that you can have a way out without studying, so I have been doing ideological work for these students for a long time, and gradually they have fallen in love with reading and tasted the "sweetness" of reading. There are still some students who are not very good at reading after class. Among them, some read casually, some changed to another book before reading an article, and some didn't want to know much. So how can we fundamentally improve the extracurricular reading ability of primary school students? How to improve children's habit of consciously reading? In the past year, I have briefly summarized my experiences and strategies to improve the extracurricular reading ability of primary school students as follows:
First, make clear the purpose of reading and recognize the role of reading.
Many children don't like reading because they think reading has nothing to do with their own quality and ability. They always think it's impossible. In fact, a person's reading level determines his quality and ability! I once thought of Ouyang Xiu's words: "Learning is the first thing to stand on, and learning is based on reading". This is to let primary school students know that reading can not only learn knowledge, but also let readers know more about how to behave in life from books, so that a person can establish a correct moral demeanor, a positive spiritual realm, a positive outlook on life and values, and enrich his knowledge. If a person wants to have noble moral quality, cultural accomplishment and harmonious interpersonal relationship, he must read more books and read good books. Bing Xin once said: One should read more books, read good books and study hard since childhood! It can be seen that reading plays an irreplaceable role in a person's life and even in his life. A good book is like a loyal friend, a place you want to go, and a best and closest teacher. Reading good books can not only increase your knowledge, but also purify your mind, making you feel open-minded, willing to make progress and willing to struggle bravely.
Therefore, reading is very important for a person. A person should form the habit of reading more books and reading good books from an early age, instead of waiting until he wants to read a book and then flipping through it a little. At this time, I am afraid that more thoughts are on how to do a good job, how to live a better life, and how to improve your life, rather than studying hard. Therefore, the habit of reading must be cultivated from an early age. Now the new curriculum standard stipulates that we should pay attention to the education and training of students. Indeed, it is very important to cultivate students' reading habits from an early age, which is also a top priority for rural primary schools and students.
Second, learn to read and concentrate on reading.
People often say: teach and learn. No study can be completed overnight. This is a long and beautiful process. In the process of learning, you can accumulate knowledge, enrich your thinking, improve your ability, cultivate your character and improve your cultural quality. "To learn to learn, you must be patient, pay attention carefully, and never be careless. It's some heavy things, wrapped inside, invisible. Today must be very heavy, very heavy. Tomorrow, I will go to another place and see another place. You can't see the meat unless you remove the skin. Look at the meat, and you will see the bones. Boning to see the marrow. " This is a famous saying of Zhu. In other words, the process of "reading" is not a glance at the book. "Reading" requires you to really understand and grasp the specific content of the article with the help of dictionaries and dictionaries while reading. Reading can be divided into reading aloud, reading silently and browsing, but it is important to make clear the true meaning of the article and the feelings expressed in it. This requires students to strengthen the cultivation of understanding ability in the process of extracurricular reading. Zhu once said: "There are three times to study, namely, heart, eyes and mouth." In other words, when reading an article, you must read it yourself, and make clear the content of the article written by the author and the feelings expressed. Really understand the article, integrate with the idea of the article, learn from other people's articles and have the ability to turn it into your own knowledge!
Third, study hard, read widely, carry forward the advantages of the public and make up for their shortcomings.
As the saying goes, "those who are bookish must work hard, and those who are artistic must be skilled." If a person wants to have profound knowledge and skills, he must read more books, read hundreds of books and learn hundreds of arts. This means that students need to learn to collect information from books in the process of reading, transform it into their own knowledge and ability, arm themselves with knowledge, make their minds richer, their willpower stronger, their learning ability stronger and stronger, and their ability of frustration and depression stronger. Because it can only bring people strength!
The reading materials suitable for primary school students should be mainly fairy tales, primary school students' compositions, military affairs, science and technology, literature, celebrity legends and other books. This is because "fairy tales" can develop children's thinking ability, enhance reading interest, enrich students' imaginative thinking, understand the moral in the story, and get enlightenment and education from it; Some plots in the "story" can touch children's hearts, and then enhance their interest in extracurricular reading. The story features easy dictation, which lays a good foundation for students' oral expression and writing ability. Military and scientific books can enhance students' knowledge and understanding of social progress, enhance students' patriotism and motivate students to study hard to protect their country and defend their country. Literary books can cultivate sentiment and cultivate self-cultivation. For example, Zhu Ziqing's Rush, Spring, Ba Jin's Sunrise on the Sea, Bird's Paradise, and Xu Dishan's Peanut can really make people feel a kind of beauty and happiness after reading, and achieve the purpose of educating students, so we should cherish time and enjoy life.
Fourth, learn to appreciate yourself, enhance your memory and improve your extracurricular reading ability.
"Read a book a hundred times and you will understand its meaning. If you understand its meaning, you will understand it in the same way." The key to extracurricular reading is to read and feel with your heart. Only by reading with your heart can you achieve the purpose of reading and feeling with your heart can you feel the artistic conception and aesthetic feeling of the article.
Reading, on the surface, is a method of learning, but in fact it is also a kind of self-enjoyment and narcissism in learning. Therefore, students should be able to appreciate their own reading and learn to appreciate themselves. On the one hand, they should appreciate the mulberry leaves that can put themselves in a comfortable and quiet environment and eat knowledge like silkworms, so as to gain something in time. On the other hand, learn to appreciate the beauty of words, sentences, words, feelings and music in the text. Feel a little happiness and comfort from it.
Reading, in addition to feeling the beauty of literary talent and emotion in the text, also needs to develop a good habit of memorizing and sorting out the information obtained, which not only enhances one's memory and understanding of knowledge, but also greatly promotes one's work.
Fifth, it is better to teach people to fish than to teach people to fish.
It is often said that it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. Teaching students to read and learn is much better than teaching children knowledge directly. When they master the methods of learning and reading, they will develop the ability of independent learning. If they don't study for a day, they will feel as if they are missing something. Therefore, in the usual teaching, I try to teach students the learning methods, rather than simply imparting knowledge to students. So I teach students several ways to learn and read.
Skimming method; The application of this method is generally to selectively read relevant chapters or parts according to some needs of students in classroom study or writing, so as to apply what they have learned. For example, after learning peanuts, students have a deeper understanding of the truth of being a man. They should be a useful person to society and others, and they should also be a person who silently contributes to others and society. And guide students to borrow relevant materials from the library, and then choose the parts they need to write small papers about science and life, so as to cultivate students' ability to extract and use materials. At the same time, it also enriches language accumulation and improves reading interest and reading ability.
Intensive reading method; The so-called intensive reading method is to concentrate some key articles in books and newspapers and read them word by word from the outside to the inside. It is the most important and basic means to cultivate students' reading ability. Some articles are meaningful in language, quoted from classics and vivid in plot. Based on these works, teachers can guide students to intensive reading, require students to devote themselves wholeheartedly, mobilize a variety of senses, do their mouth, eyes, heart, hands, read, think and note, and gradually develop the good habit of reading carefully.
Silent reading; The silent reading method is to read the time without pronunciation, discrimination and distraction, but to look at the general situation quickly. This requires students to concentrate and process and digest information quickly in the process of fast browsing. In ancient China, there were sayings of "learning from the past and seeking for the past" and "reading at different levels", which shows that speed reading ability has long been advocated. Using silent reading, we can get as much information as possible in the shortest time. In order to train students' speed and ability of silent reading, when I skim the text, I arrange for students to preview at home and show the preview plan in advance, and then let the children read the text silently in class within the specified time. After reading silently, let the students say what the text says, which not only trains the students' silent reading ability, but also trains their oral expression ability.
Extracting evaluation methods; This reading method is to extract relevant words, sentences, paragraphs and even the whole original text according to your own needs, or mark the key and difficult parts of reading, make comments and write comments. As the saying goes, "no pen and ink, no reading". The educational aphorisms, wonderful and vivid words and paragraphs in the article can be extracted and accumulated in the "thesaurus" established by ourselves, which has prepared rich language accumulation for future compositions. At the same time, you can also cut out good articles from newspapers and magazines you subscribe to and paste them into your reading notes. And hand in your own excerpt from America, and I'll read it again. Good students will praise in time. If the excerpts are too rough and the center of the article is not clear, then give guidance. After that, let students circulate their own "American excerpts", so that students can learn from each other and learn from each other's strengths, which is more conducive to students' learning and unity.
Writing experience method; Teachers should encourage students to keep a diary or feel after reading. That is, students are required to express their views and thoughts on the content of the article in the form of diaries or post-reading feelings after reading extracurricular books, and communicate with each other in diaries or post-reading activity classes after reading extracurricular books. Only when reading, writing, listening and speaking are closely combined can students' reading ability be improved rapidly. Sometimes I will arrange some good articles for students to read in a unified way, write out their experiences after reading, and imitate the articles for secondary writing, and apply the writing methods in the articles to their own exercises, so that their reading ability can be gradually improved and their exercise ability can also be improved. Sometimes I will hold some debates to improve students' oral expression ability and thinking expansion ability.
To sum up, primary school students' extracurricular reading plays a positive role in promoting their own learning, especially writing. This requires primary school students to achieve a high reading effect in extracurricular reading, and the reading habit of "skimming water" will lose the value and significance of extracurricular reading. Therefore, in order to effectively improve the extracurricular reading ability of primary school students, students are required to be "clear in thinking, clear in meaning, clear in methods and clear in memory" in extracurricular reading habits. In the process of reading, the purpose and effect of extracurricular reading can be truly achieved by being "rational (the center of the article)", "clear (the writing order and structure of the article)" and "clear (the author's thoughts and feelings)".
Now, based on the current situation of rural primary school students' extracurricular reading, I have made clear the importance and urgency of extracurricular reading for students. Relying on classroom teaching, through the guidance inside and outside my class, we can cultivate students' correct concept of extracurricular reading, develop the habit of independent reading, establish a correct concept of reading, stimulate students' interest in extracurricular reading, formulate reading evaluation methods and improve students' extracurricular reading quality.