The collection resources include books, periodicals, newspapers, dissertations, rare books of ancient books, special collections, reference books, yearbooks, electronic publications, microform materials, audio-visual materials, etc. Generally speaking, the National Library not only collects domestic publications, but also collects a large number of foreign publications (including foreign books and periodicals related to the country), and is responsible for compiling national bibliographies and joint catalogues. The National Library is the promoter of the national library cause and the central library facing the whole country. It is not only the national collection center, interlibrary loan center and international book exchange center, but also the national research center of bibliography and library science. Perform the duties of collecting, processing, storing, researching, using the general library and disseminating knowledge and information. The National Library is the national bibliographic center and the library information network center. It undertakes the task of serving the central state leading organs, key scientific research, education, production units and the public. Responsible for the national library business guidance and library science research. Starting from 1998, the National Library of China began to implement the "China Digital Library Project", some of the collected materials have been digitized, and some of the data have provided services to the society.

The National Library is a comprehensive official publication in Tibet, and it is the library with the largest number of Tibetan documents in the world. At the same time, it attaches great importance to the collection of domestic unofficial publications. It is a doctoral thesis collection hall designated by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, a centralized collection place for library science professional materials, a national yearbook data collection center, and a special publishing room in Hongkong, Taiwan Province and Macau.

Of course, it is impossible to synchronize the tutorial books.