Mark Twain is his most commonly used pen name. It is generally believed that this pen name originated from his early sailor career. When measuring the water depth with my partner, my partner shouted "Mark Twain!" , which means "the second standard", that is, the water depth is Erxun (1 Xunxun is about1.8m), which is a necessary condition for the safe navigation of ships. But there is also a saying that when he was wandering in the west, he often bought two glasses of wine in the hotel and asked the bartender to write "two marks" on the bill. However, whether it is true or false, or both, is impossible to verify.
Mark Twain's first masterpiece, The Famous Frog in Cartown, was first published in new york Saturday on June 1865+0 18 10/8. The only reason why this work was published there was that it was finished too late and was not included in Artes Ward's collection of American Western Works.
Later, the Sacramento Federal newspaper sent Mark Twain to Hawaii, then known as the Sandwich Islands, as a reporter and wrote to the Federal newspaper to tell about things there. Later, when he worked for the California Land Newspaper in San Francisco, he also wrote according to these humorous letters, because the California Land Newspaper sent him from San Francisco to new york City as a roving reporter via the Panama Canal. At that time, he kept writing to the newspaper and publishing, satirizing and humorously recording what he saw and heard. 1On June 8, 867, Twain went to Philadelphia by yacht and stayed for five months. This trip led to the birth of a fool's trip.
1872, Twain published his second travel literature, Hard Times, as a sequel to Fool's Travel. Hard Times is a semi-autobiographical work that describes Twain's journey to Nevada and his later life in the western United States. This book satirizes American and western society by criticizing "fools" in many countries in Europe and the Middle East. Twain's next work, Hard Times, focuses on American society. The later Gilded Age is not a travel literature, because the first two books are travel literature, and this is his first time to write a novel. This book is also famous because it is the only book written by Twain in cooperation with others. This book was written by Twain and his neighbor Charles Dudley Werner.
Twain's two later works are all about his experiences on the Mississippi River. 1875 Atlantic Monthly published a series of sketches of the old Mississippi River. The most striking feature is Twain's awakening to romanticism. Life on the Mississippi River after Twain wrote Old Times. Then Twain wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, describing his childhood in Hannibal. Twain shaped tom sawyer's character by imitating his childhood character. This book also has a supporting role, Huckleberry Finn.
Although the story of the prince and the beggar often appears in many movies and literary works today, it is not generally accepted. This is Twain's first attempt to write The Beggar. Its disadvantage is that Twain didn't have enough British social experience. During the writing of The Prince and the Beggar, Twain also started writing The Wandering of the urchin and finished another travel book, Wandering Abroad. The Overseas Odyssey is Mark Twain's travels in Central and Southern Europe.
Twain's later work is The Wandering of Naughty Children, which makes him a more famous and great American writer. Naughty Boy is the sequel of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, and the serious atmosphere is stronger than the latter. This book has become a compulsory book for most schools in the United States, because Huck gave up obeying the rules, which is considered by many people of this age (Huck's story is set in slavery 1850 s). /kloc-in the summer of 0/876, after it was released in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain wrote about 400 pages of The Wandering Story of an urchin.
Twain's wife died in 1904, after which he was able to publish books that his wife didn't like as a critic and editor. One of the books is The Mysterious Stranger, which was not published in Twain's lifetime, so people found three versions of the manuscript between 1897 and 1905. These three versions made the publication of this book very confusing, and now there is the first version written by Twain.
Twain's last work is his oral autobiography. Some archivists and editors rearranged autobiographies to make them more in line with the common format, so some humorous words of Twain were deleted.
Catalogue of works
Running for governor
Tom sawyer (1876)
The Prince and the Beggar (1882)
Street children (1884)
The famous frog in Ka County
Millions of pounds
The man who destroyed Hadleyburg
Thirty thousand yuan Heritage
A case in a case
asceticism
The story of a bad boy
Eating people on the train
The fact that I recently resigned.
Tennessee press
The story of a good boy
How do I edit agricultural newspapers?
The whole story of the bulk beef contract
My experience as a senator's secretary
American Adventures in Connecticut (1889)
Goldsmith's friend has gone abroad again.
Mysterious interview
True story
The duel of the French people
Strange experience
The story of Californians
Is he still alive
Go on the road with those who change customs.
Dog's self-report
Gilded age
Five talents of human beings
Fool travel
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
In May 1852, 1, the playboy who was surprised by the settlers was published in the handbag of humor weekly in Boston. This is Samuel Clemens' first novel. Mark Twain, a self-taught student, began to practice writing as an apprentice and typesetting in a printing factory. He was 17 years old when he published his first novel here. )
June 1864 Moved to San Francisco and worked in the Morning Post. He started writing for San Francisco, when he was the editor-in-chief of novelist Brett Hart.
1865165438+1October18 new york's Saturday Post published Mark Twain's The Famous Jumping Frog of Karavila Hill. Reprinted everywhere, Mark Twain began to become famous in China.
1867 On April 25th, Charles Webb published Mark Twain's first book, The Famous Jumping Frog and Other Essays, in Rakhil, Karaoui.
1869 July, Mark Twain's Fool's Travel Abroad was published by Alicia Boris.
In February, 1872, The Difficult Journey was published by Boris Publishing Company of the United States.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/873, Mark Twain wrote The Gilded Age in collaboration with the writer Charles Terry Warner. Warner is Hartford's neighbor.
The Gilded Age was published in February. The publisher is Boris of American publishing company. It is universally acknowledged that there is no precedent in American history to give an era a humorous and sarcastic name.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/874, Mark Twain began to write The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and made The Gilded Age into a play. It was at Quarry Farm near Elmira, New York.
1876 65438+ 10 The Documentary of Crimes at the Recent Carnival in Connecticut was published in Atlantic Monthly.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/876, Mark Twain began to write Berry Finn's Adventures in haeckel at Quarray Farm.
1876 10 co-wrote the comedy A Xing with Brett Hart. /kloc-was completed in October/February, but the friendship between them was difficult to maintain.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was published by Boris in February. It was more than a year after the submission, which didn't catch up with the good business season of Christmas. Mark Twain began to consider publishing his works in another publishing house.
On July 3rd, Kloc-0/877, A Xing performed in new york Fifth Street Theater. The performance stopped after five weeks and the performers lost money.
1877 65438+1October 65438+1October began to write about the prince and the poor child.
From the spring of 1878 to the summer of 1879, the whole family traveled to Europe, especially to Germany. Collected overseas travel materials.
In March, 1880, travel abroad was published. The publisher is Boris of American publishing company.
188 1 65438+ The Prince and the Poor Child was published in February. The publisher is James Le osgood in Boston.
1882 In April, Mark Twain revisited the Mississippi River to collect materials for the rest of his life on the Mississippi River. By the end of May, he had traveled all over the Mississippi Valley.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/883, Mark Twain finished the Adventures of Berry Finn in haeckel, Quarray Farm. Osgood published Life on the Mississippi River.
1885 February18 The Adventures of Berry Finn in haeckel was published by Webster Publishing Company.
1In March, 885, the Book Committee in Gulton, Massachusetts called The Adventures of Berry Finn in Heickell "a boring work that only slum dwellers can read". Never put it on the shelf, thus starting a history of banning books, and its influence has been so far. Even so, as of May, Heck had sold 5 1000 copies. (Such banned books are for individual units, not for the whole country)
1885 65438+1On October 2nd, Hewlett-Packard Company published Grant's memoirs, and the Grant family benefited 400,000 yuan, which saved them from bankruptcy. Mark Twain also believed that he had a gift for business. (General Grant,1October 65438+869—1October 65438+877. Grant has a deep friendship with Mark Twain)
10 Mark Twain started writing Yankee in Arthur's Connecticut.
1889 12 Yankee in Connecticut written by Arthur was published by Whipster Publishing Company.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is published by Hewlett Packard Company.
1894 165438+ October Fool Wilson was published by American Publishing Company.
1896 In May, Jean Ducker was published by Harper Company.
1 896 65438+1October1Detective tom sawyer is published by Harper Company.
1 897 65438+1October1Equatorial Travels is published by American publishing company.
1901February 2, 2000, To the Man Sitting in the Dark was published in the North American Review. This is a famous article by Mark Twain against imperialist aggression all over the world.
19 10 Mark Twain's health deteriorated in winter and spring.
19 10 April 2 1 Rimark Twain died of angina pectoris.