The origin of Arabic numerals

Xiaoming is a child who likes to ask questions. One day, he became interested in the numbers 0-9: Why is it called "Arabic numerals"? So he went to ask his mother, "Since 0-9 is called Arabic numerals, it must have been invented by Arabs, mom?"

Mom shook her head and said, "Arabic numerals were actually invented by Indians." About 1500 years ago, Indians used a special word to represent numbers. There are 10 words, and you can write both strokes. Later, these figures were introduced into Arabia. Arabs think these numbers are simple and practical, so they are widely used in their own countries and spread to Europe. In this way, it gradually became the number we use today. Because Arabs have played a great role in spreading these numbers, people are used to calling them' Arabic numbers'. "

Xiao Ming heard this and said, "So that's it. Mom, can this be called' making a mistake'? " Mom smiled.

Children's song competition

The animal school held a children's song competition, with the elephant teacher as the referee.

The little monkey raised his hand first and began to recite: "I can calculate carry addition, and the digits can only be added if they are aligned." The number of digits should be aligned with the number of digits. When the number of digits exceeds ten, the number of digits should be advanced to ten. Add ten and one to count quickly and accurately. "

As soon as the little monkey finished speaking, the puppy began to recite again: "abdication and subtraction are not difficult, just align the numbers." If the single digits are small enough, ten people can borrow one. If ten people return, one will be ten, and if they return, one will be missing. How to reduce ten digits, ten digits will be reduced again and again. "

Everyone applauded their wonderful performance. Teacher Elephant said, "Their nursery rhymes make us understand that both carry addition and abdication subtraction should win the championship, ok?" Everyone agrees and applauds them.

Skills of, and.

A long time ago, the kingdom of mathematics was chaotic. The 0-9 brothers not only dominate the kingdom, but also boast of their greatest skills. The math angel was very angry when he saw this situation. He sent three little angels to the math kingdom to establish order and avoid chaos.

Three little angels came to the kingdom of mathematics, and 0-9 brothers looked at them contemptuously. Q: "What are you three doing in the kingdom of mathematics? You are not welcome! "

He smiled and said, "We are judges sent by angels to help you govern your country. I am an equal sign, and these two are' greater than sign' and' less than sign'. Whoever they speak to is greater. Whoever they point to is small. "

When the ten brothers heard that they were judges sent by angels, they obeyed the orders of God and ... and from then on, the mathematics kingdom had a strict order, and no one would violate it.

Xiao Xiong opens a shop.

Bear doesn't like studying, but just wants to do business, so he opened a fruit shop next to the school. Rabbit and monkey are his classmates. They have agreed to teach this lazy guy who doesn't like school.

They came to bear's fruit shop.

"How much are the peaches?" Asked the little monkey.

"The first basket is 6 yuan and 3 Jin, and the second basket is 6 yuan and 2 Jin." The bear replied.

The little monkey said, "If I take 5 kilograms from two baskets, I will pay you 12 yuan, right?"

The bear nodded.

"That I want it all. Since 5 kg is 12 yuan, then 60 kg is 12× 12= 144 yuan, right? "

"Exactly, exactly." Said the bear.

So the little monkey bought all the peaches, paid the money and left happily with the little rabbit.

When I get home at night, the bear pays the bill, which is a loss anyway. The next day, the little monkey and the little rabbit found the little bear and told him the situation. They smiled and said, "It's all because you don't study well that we came to teach you a lesson." They replenished the little money to the bear.

Bear hung his head in shame, and since then, he has been very serious in class every day. The three of them became good friends.

⑵ A short story about the first volume of mathematics in the fifth grade of primary school.

Tang Priest came to pick peaches.

One day, the Tang Priest told his disciples Wukong, Bajie and Friar Sand to go to Guo Huashan to pick peaches. Before long, the three disciples returned happily after picking peaches. Tang Priest and his disciples asked: How many peaches did each of you pick?

Bajie said with a silly smile, Master, let me test you. Each of us took the same amount of money. There are less than 65,438+000 peaches in my basket. If you count three plots, there is still 1 left. Do you calculate how many peaches each of us picked?

Friar Sand said mysteriously, Master, I will test you, too. If there are four peaches in my basket, there is 1 left in the end. Calculate, how many peaches did we each pick?

Wukong smiled and said, Master, I'll test you, too. If you count five peaches in my basket, there is 1 left in the end. Calculate, how much will each of us choose?

Tang Priest quickly said how many peaches they each picked. Do you know how many peaches they each picked?

(3) fifth grade math stories

1. Xiaohua's father can cut off five of his own nails in 1 minute. How many nails can he cut in five minutes?

Xiaohua took 50 yuan's money to the store and bought a car worth 38 yuan, but the salesman only gave him 2 yuan money. Why?

Xiaojun said: "I went fishing yesterday and caught a tailless fish, two headless fish and three half-baked fish." Guess how many fish I caught? " Students, guess how many fish Xiaojun caught?

4.6 horses and a cart ran six miles. How many miles did each horse run? How many miles did six horses run at a time?

5. A puppy tied to a tree trunk greedily eats a bone on the ground, but the rope is not long enough, which is 5 cm shorter. How do you teach dogs to scratch bones?

6. Wang walks from place A to place B. 1 minute later, Li walks from place B to place A. When Wang and Li meet on the road, who is farther from A?

7. The clock just struck 13. What should you do now?

8. On the vast grassland, there is a cow eating grass. This Niu Yi only ate half of the grass on the grassland in 2008. Q: How many years does it take to eat all the grass on the lawn?

9. Mom has seven pieces of candy. She wants to give them to the three children equally, but she doesn't want to cut the remaining candy. What should mom do?

10. There is a row of trees along the road in the park, and the distance between each tree is 3 meters. What is the distance between the first tree and the sixth tree?

1 1. Divide 8 in half, as shown below. How much is each half? The average score of arithmetic method is _ _ _ _ points, from which the horizontal score is _ _ _ _ points, and from which the vertical score is _ _ _ _ _ points.

12. A house has four corners, one corner has a cat, and there are three cats in front of each cat. How many cats are there in the room?

13. The house has four corners. There is a cat in a corner. There are four cats in front of each cat. How many cats are there in the room?

14. Xiaojun, Xiaohong and Xiaoping play chess. They always play three sets. Ask them how many games they played. (Every chess game is played by two people)

15. Xiaoming and Xiaohua each have a bag of sweets, but I don't know how many pieces there are in each bag. I only know that after Xiaoming gave Xiaohua 8 yuan, Xiaohua gave Xiaoming 14 yuan. At this time, the amount of sugar in their bags is exactly the same. Students, who do you think has more sugar? How much more?

Answer:

1.20, including fingernails and toenails.

2. Because he paid the salesman 40 yuan, he only gave him 2 yuan;

3.0, because the fish he caught does not exist;

4.6 Li, 36 Li;

Just teach the puppy to turn around and grab the bone with its hind feet.

6. They were in the same place when they met, so they were as far away from A;

7. This clock should be repaired;

8. It will never eat all the grass, because the grass will always grow;

9. Mom eats one piece first, and then gives two pieces to each child;

10. 15m；

1 1.4,0,3.

12.4;

13.5;

14.2 disk;

15. It turns out that there are many florets; 14-8=6 pieces, because the number of candy pieces of two people is exactly the same, so the result is that there are more small flowers than Xiaoming 12 pieces.

(4) Primary School Students' Math Newspaper (300-word Math Story of Grade Five)

Children, do you know the story of Gauss, a mathematical genius, when he was a child?

When Gauss was in elementary school, once after the teacher taught addition, because the teacher wanted to have a rest, he came up with a topic for students to calculate. The theme is:

1+2+3+ .....+97+98+99+ 100 = ?

The teacher is thinking, now the children must start class! I used this as an excuse to go out, but Gauss stopped me! ! It turns out that Gauss has worked it out. Little friend, do you know how he did it?

Gauss told everyone how he worked it out: add 1 to 100, and add 100 to 1, adding two lines, that is:

1+2+3+4+ .....+96+97+98+99+ 100

100+99+98+97+96+ .....+4+3+2+ 1

= 10 1+ 10 1+ 10 1+ .....+ 10 1+ 10 1+ 10 1+ 10 1

* * * There are one hundred sums 10 1, but the formula is repeated twice, so the answer is equal to < 5050 & gt.

Since then, the learning process of Gauss Elementary School has already surpassed other students, which laid the foundation for his future mathematics and made him a mathematical genius!

About 1500 years ago, European mathematicians did not know how to use "0". They use Roman numerals. Roman numerals are symbols representing numbers, which are combined to represent different numbers according to certain rules. When using this number, the number "0" is not needed.

At that time, a scholar of the Roman Empire discovered the symbol "0" from Indian notation. He found it very convenient to use "0" for mathematical operation, and he was very happy. He also introduced the Indian method of "0" to everyone. After a while, it was known by the pope at that time. At that time, it was the Middle Ages in Europe. The power of the church was very strong, and the power of the pope far exceeded that of the emperor. The Pope was very angry. He rebuked that the sacred number was created by God, and there was no such monster as "0" in the number created by God. Anyone who wants to introduce now is blasphemous! So the Pope ordered the scholar to be arrested and tortured, and his ten fingers were tightly clamped with a clamp, so that his hand was disabled and he could no longer write with a pen. In this way, "0" was banned by the ignorant and cruel Pope.

However, although the use of "0" is forbidden, Roman mathematicians still use "0" secretly in mathematical research regardless of the ban, and still make a lot of mathematical contributions with "0". Later, "0" was finally widely used in Europe, but Roman numerals were gradually eliminated.

5] 20 words in the fifth grade math story.

Make a bouquet with 96 red flowers and 72 white flowers. If the number of red flowers in each bouquet is the same, then the number of white flowers is the same, and there are at least a few flowers in each bouquet.

[6] The complete works of fifth-grade mathematics stories 150 words.

Today, my family went to KFC in Longgang for a family meal.

When we get there, people are always crowded. We finally ordered good food and found a seat to sit down. Here comes the food. This is a sumptuous set meal. There are 12 drumsticks in it. I thought: how to divide it equally? Then I remembered the division of 12÷3=4. We each have four drumsticks. Later, I ate my mother's 1 chicken leg and my aunt's two chicken legs. My aunt said, "You can't eat this for free. I ask you, how much did you eat? " How many more servings do you have to eat before you can finish them all? "I thought about it and replied," I ate 7/ 12, and then I ate 5/ 12. I ate all of it. "Fortunately, I learned the knowledge of fractions and can answer the questions correctly.

(2)

Today, my mother gave me 10 yuan to go shopping in the supermarket. I bought a string of firecrackers 2/ 10, four lollipops/10, seven balloons 2/ 10, and finally a comb 4/ 10, a *. There is still one yuan left, and I have to pay it back to my mother. (3) At night, I saw a difficult problem in the Olympiad Book: the number of apple trees in the orchard is three times that of pear trees. Master Lao Wang fertilizes 50 apple trees and 20 pear trees every day. A few days later, all the pear trees were fertilized, but the remaining 80 apple trees were not fertilized. Excuse me: How many apple trees and pear trees are there in the orchard?

I am not intimidated by this question, but it can stimulate my interest. I think the apple tree is three times as big as the pear tree. If two kinds of trees are to be fertilized on the same day, Master Lao Wang will fertilize "20×3" apple trees and 20 pear trees every day. In fact, he only fertilizes 50 apple trees every day, which is 10, and the last 80 trees. Therefore, Master Lao Wang has been fertilizing for 8 days. 20 pear trees a day, 8 days is 160 pear trees. According to the first condition, there are 480 apple trees. This is to solve the problem with the idea of hypothesis, so I think the hypothesis method is really a good way to solve the problem.

(4)

There is a problem in today's math homework to weigh a pair of shoes. So I went to my mother and asked for a scale. Mom said she didn't have weighing scale. What shall we do? However, as the saying goes, "Nothing is difficult in the world". I think there must be a way.

So, I used my clever brain and came up with a homemade balance.

I cut off the paper covers of the empty moon cake box piece by piece, brought transparent folding tape, folded one of the paper covers into a regular triangle and put it on the table. Another piece of paper is made into the left and right disks of the balance and placed on the triangle in a balanced way. Then find something with weight at home as a weight. For example, my mother bought new toothpaste and lipstick with120g, 40g,18g and 3.5g..

Both have grams.

I'm very excited to say that the shoe activity has started. I put the shoes on the left side of the homemade balance and the "weight of goods" on the right side. It is best to balance the weight on both sides. Then the sum of the weights is the weight of my shoes. Exactly 86 grams. Hard work pays off! I finally finished my math homework. Mom praised me when she found out.

He also joked with me: "In ancient times, there was a clever Cao Chong as an elephant, but now there is a clever Han Han as a shoe!"

Say that finish, everyone laughed.

It turns out that there are scales everywhere in life!

(5)

Today, I found a math problem at home.

I found that a cup of cola is 800g, a cup of green tea is 500g, and a cup of iced black tea is unknown, so I added another message-Fan Wen, the flower king of iced black tea.

I calculated according to the teacher's method: 800-200=600, then 600+500= 1 100, and finally1100+800 =1900, so it's a *.

I think there are many math problems in daily life. I hope that children can observe more math problems around them.

Give points ~-~

(7) fifth grade math stories

1, children of gauss series, do you know the story of gauss, a mathematical genius, when he was a child? When Gauss was in the second grade of primary school, once the teacher wanted to have a rest after teaching addition, so he asked the students to do some calculations. The topic is:1+2+3+4 ...+96+97+98+99+100 =? I thought the students would be quiet for a while, but I was about to find an excuse to go out, but Gauss stopped me! It turns out that Gauss has worked it out. Little friend, do you know how he did it? Gauss told everyone how he worked it out: add 1 to 100 and 100 to1; Line up in two rows and want to add, that is:1+2+3+4+………………+96+97+98+99+100+99+98+97+96+……+4+3+. 1+10 1+1* * has one hundred101,but the formula is repeated twice, so it is 65438+. Since then, the learning process of Gauss Elementary School has already surpassed other students, which laid the foundation for his future mathematics and made him a mathematical genius.

2, chickens and rabbits in the same cage Have you ever heard of the problem of "chickens and rabbits in the same cage"? This question is one of the famous and interesting questions in ancient China. About 1500 years ago, this interesting question was recorded in Sun Tzu's calculation. The book describes it like this: "There are chickens and rabbits in the same cage today, with 35 heads on the top and 94 feet on the bottom. The geometry of chicken and rabbit? These four sentences mean: there are several chickens and rabbits in a cage, counting from the top, there are 35 heads; It's 94 feet from the bottom. How many chickens and rabbits are there in each cage? Can you answer this question? Do you want to know how to answer this question in Sunzi Suanjing? The answer is this: If you cut off the feet of every chicken and rabbit in half, then every chicken will become a "one-horned chicken" and every rabbit will become a "two-legged rabbit". In this way, the total number of feet of (1) chickens and rabbits changed from 94 to 47. (2) If there is a rabbit in the cage, the total number of feet is more than the total number of heads 1. So the difference between the total number of feet 47 and the total number of heads 35 is the number of rabbits, that is, 47-35 = 12 (only). Obviously, the number of chickens is 35- 12 = 23. This idea is novel and strange, and its "foot-cutting method" has also amazed mathematicians at home and abroad. This way of thinking is called reduction. Reduction method means that when solving a problem, we do not directly analyze the problem first, but deform and transform the conditions or problems in the problem until it is finally classified as a solved problem.

3. Excellent math story: The door opened and a young man came in. Mr Liu Jianming asked him to sit down. The young man introduced himself and said, "I am a tour guide from the mainland." My name is yujiang county. I'm taking a tour group to Hong Kong this time. I heard that your hotel has a comfortable environment and good service. We want to stay in your hotel. " Mr Liu Jianming immediately said enthusiastically, "Welcome, welcome, welcome. I wonder how many people are there in your group? " "People, not bad, are a big group." Liu Jianming was overjoyed: It's great to have a big group and another big enterprise. As a tour guide, Yu Jiang saw Mr. Liu Jianming's mind. He remembered and said slowly, "Sir, if you can count the number of our group, we will stay in your hotel." "Please go ahead." Mr Liu Jianming said confidently. "If I divide my group into four groups on average, there will be one more person, and then divide each group into four groups on average, there will be one more person, and then divide the four groups into four groups on average, there will be one more person, including me, of course. How many people are there at least? " "How much is a * *?" Mr Liu Jianming immediately thought of this. He must take this business. "Without specific figures, how should we start?" He was a shrewd businessman and soon learned the answer: "At least 85 people?" Mr. Yu Jiang said happily, "Exactly, it's eighty-five. Please tell me how you worked it out? " "The least number of cases, is the last quartile, each is a person. It can be inferred that there are 1×4+ 1=5 (people) before the third score, and 5×4+ 1=2 1 (people) before the second score and the first score. " How many men and women do you have? ""There are 55 men and 30 women. " "We only have rooms for 1 1, rooms for 7 people and 5 people. How do you want to live? " "Of course, Sir, you have arranged, but men and women must be separated, and there can be no empty beds. "There will be a problem. Liu Jianming had never met such a guest, so he had to spend some time again. After thinking hard, he finally came up with the best plan: 1 1 two people, seven people in four rooms, five people in one room; One female room 1 1 person, seven people in two rooms, five people in one room, and one room * * *1/. After seeing his arrangement, Mr. Yu Jiang was very satisfied and immediately went through the accommodation formalities. Made a big deal. Although it is a bit complicated, Mr. Liu Jianming is still very happy in his heart.

Do a short story of a fifth-grade mathematician.

Archimedes

King Shiloh of Syracuse asked the goldsmith to make a crown out of pure gold. Because it is suspected that there is silver mixed in it, Archimedes is invited to identify it. When he entered the bathtub to take a bath, the water overflowed outside the bathtub, so he realized that although the weight of objects made of different materials was the same, the discharged water would be different because of their different volumes. According to this truth, it can be judged whether the crown is adulterated.

Ancient Greece was the hometown of mathematics. The ancient Greeks made great contributions to the progress of mathematics. This ancient civilization gave birth to many mathematicians, such as Thales, Pythagoras, Euclid, apollonius, Archimedes, Ptolemy, Helen and Diophantine. Hipatia, the first female mathematician in history, was also born here.

Hipatia (about 370-4 15). Born in Egypt. He was a famous mathematician in ancient Greece. Known as the first female mathematician in the world. This clever woman ranks among the best scholars in the ancient world with her talent and contribution. And her tragic death is really an eternal tragedy. What savage and cruel religious fanatics have done to her.

Zu Chongzhi (AD 429-500) was born in Laiyuan County, Hebei Province during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. He read many books on astronomy and mathematics since childhood, studied hard and practiced hard, and finally made him an outstanding mathematician and astronomer in ancient China.

Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people used "the diameter of three weeks a week" as pi, which was called "Gubi". Later, it was found that the error of Gubi was too large, and the pi should be "the diameter of a circle is greater than the diameter of three weeks". However, there are different opinions on how much is left. Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui put forward a scientific method to calculate pi-"secant" which approximated the circumference of a circle with the circumference inscribed by a regular polygon. Liu Hui calculated that the circle inscribed by a 96-sided polygon is π=3. 14, and pointed out that the more sides inscribed by a regular polygon, the more accurate the π value is. On the basis of predecessors' achievements, Zu Chongzhi worked hard and repeatedly calculated that π was between 3. 14 15926 and.

Su 1902 was born in Zhejiang in September. In the third grade, a math teacher came. He said: "In today's world, all the world powers want to carve up China. The danger of China's national subjugation is imminent. In order to save the nation and survive, we must revitalize science. Mathematics is the pioneer of science. In order to develop science, we must learn math well. " 17 years old, Sue went to study abroad. When Sue went to a Japanese university as an associate professor, he decided to return to China. In the face of difficulties, his answer is: "What is hardship? I am willing, because I have chosen the right road, which is a bright patriotic road! " "

Pet-name ruby interesting story of fifth grade mathematics.

1, one short step makes an everlasting regret.

1 On August 23, 967, the Soviet Union1spacecraft suddenly had a vicious accident when it returned to the atmosphere-the parachute could not be opened. After studying, the Soviet Union decided to broadcast the accident live to the whole country.

When the announcer of the TV station announced in a heavy tone that the spaceship would crash in two hours and the audience would witness the news of the martyrdom of astronaut Vladimir Komarov, the whole country was immediately shocked and people were immersed in great grief.

On TV, the audience saw the calm image of astronaut komarov. He smiled and told his daughter: "When studying, you should take every decimal point seriously. What happened to Soyuz 1 today is because a decimal point was ignored in the ground inspection. Even a decimal point error will lead to a tragic farewell that can never be remedied.

2. A mathematician triggered by a story

Chen Jingrun, a famous mathematician, made great contributions to overcoming Goldbach's conjecture and founded the famous "Chen Theorem", but who would have thought that his achievements originated from a story?

One day, Teacher Shen Yuan told us a story in math class: "A Frenchman discovered an interesting phenomenon 200 years ago: 6=3+3, 8=5+3, 10=5+5, 12=5+7, 28=5+23. Every even number greater than 4 can be expressed as the sum of two odd numbers. Because this conclusion has not been proved, it is still a guess.

From then on, Chen Jingrun became interested in this wonderful question. In his spare time, he likes going to the library. He not only read the counseling books in middle schools, but also eagerly read the textbooks of mathematics and physics courses in these universities. Therefore, he got the nickname "bookworm". It is such a mathematical story that aroused Chen Jingrun's interest and his diligence and made him a great mathematician.

3. Mathematicians' "forgetfulness"

On the 60th birthday of Professor Wu Wenjun, a mathematician in China, as usual, he got up at dawn and buried himself in calculations and formulas all day. Someone specially chose to visit at home this evening. After exchanging pleasantries, they explained their purpose: "I heard from your wife that today is your sixtieth birthday, and I came to congratulate you."

Wu Wenjun seemed to hear a message and suddenly said, "Oh, really? I forgot. " The bearer was secretly surprised and thought, how can a mathematician not even remember his birthday because his mind is full of numbers?

In fact, Wu Wenjun has a good memory for dates. Nearly sixty years old, he conquered a difficult problem for the first time-"machine certificate". This is to change the way mathematicians work with "a pen, a piece of paper, a head", and realize mathematical proof with computers, so that mathematicians have more time to engage in creative work.

4. The story of flowers

As we all know, Hua is a self-taught world-class mathematician. He only has a junior high school diploma. Because a paper was published in Science magazine, it was appreciated by mathematician Xiong Qinglai. From then on, North China went to Tsinghua and began his mathematics career.

65438-0936, recommended by Professor Xiong Qinglai, Hua went to Cambridge University in England to study. Hardy, a famous mathematician in the 20th century, has long heard that China is brilliant. He said, "You can get a doctorate in two years." But Hua said, "I don't want to get a doctorate. I just want to be a visitor."

In recent two years, he has devoted himself to studying the theory of heap prime numbers, published 18 papers about Willing and odd Goldbach, obtained the famous Fahrenheit theorem, and showed the outstanding wisdom and ability of China mathematicians to the whole world.

5. Mathematical genius of animals

Honeycomb is a strictly hexagonal cylinder, with a flat hexagonal opening at one end and a closed hexagonal diamond bottom at the other end, which is composed of three identical diamonds. The rhombic obtuse angle of the chassis is 109 degrees 28 minutes, and all acute angles are 70 degrees 32 minutes, which is both firm and material-saving. The honeycomb wall thickness is 0.073 mm, and the error is very small. It can be seen that mathematics is everywhere in life.