Category root class

Nicknames: Ye, Shi (Classic) and Pulsatilla (Notes on Materia Medica).

The source is the root of Pulsatilla chinensis of Ranunculaceae.

Plant morphology Pulsatilla chinensis, also known as: alternative grass (Wupu Materia Medica), powder milk grass, powder grass, white-headed grass (Lv Yan Materia Medica), old monk's head, old crown flower, old aunt grass, brush flower, mouse tail flower, cat's paw flower, chrysanthemum seedling, old man's flower and yam root.

Perennial herb, 10 ~ 40 cm tall, the whole plant is densely white villous. The taproot is bigger. Leaves root out, clustered, with small flowering period and large after fruit period; Petiole long, base wide or sheath-like; There are 3 compound leaves, the lobules are re-divided, the lobules are obovate or oblong, with 1 ~ 3 irregular shallow fissures at the apex, green on the top, sparsely white pilose, light green on the bottom and densely white pilose. The first leaf of a flower is open, simple and terminal; The flower stems are uprooted, and the height is10cm; The involucre consists of 3 bracteoles, usually 3-lobed, and the base is healed. The flower diameter is 3 ~ 4 cm, and there are 6 perianth arranged in two circles. They are purple, petals, oval, oblong or round, 3 ~ 3.5 cm long and about 1.2 ~ 1.5 cm wide, with white fur outside. Stamens are numerous, about 1/2 times as long as perianth, anthers are basifixed and yellow; Many pistils, filiform style, densely covered with long white hair. Achenes are numerous, densely capitate, with persistent styles and long feathers. The flowering period is from March to May. The fruiting period is May-June.

Born in Shan Ye, barren hillsides and fields. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Jiangsu and other places.

The stems and leaves (stems and leaves of Pulsatilla chinensis) and flowers (flowers of Pulsatilla chinensis) of this plant are also used as medicine, and each of them is introduced in detail.

In addition, there are the following plants that are also equivalent to human drugs:

① Pulsatilla Hinggan

The root leaves are pinnately divided, and the last lobe is linear-lanceolate, with a width of 4 ~ 10 mm and a sharp tip, and there are often 1 to several coarse and sharp serrations on it. Flowers are light blue-purple, perianth oblong, 2 ~ 2.8 cm long.

Distributed in the northeast.

② Pulsatilla koraiensis

The root leaves split pinnately for 2 times, with 2 pairs of lateral lobes sessile, and the terminal leaves with a wide rhomboid stipe, and then split 2 ~ 3 times; Flowers are bright red or purplish red.

Distributed in the northeast.

③ Pulsatilla chinensis

The root leaves are pinnate for three times, and the terminal lobes are narrow and linear, with a width of1~ 2.5 mm; The flowers are big, blue and purple, the perianth does not turn back, and the outside is covered with fur.

Distributed in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and other places.

④ Pulsatilla mongolica

The basal leaves are divided into 2 pieces and 3 pieces, and the width of the terminal lobes is 0.8 ~1.5 mm. Lateral lobes sessile, nearly pinnately parted, with a small amount of hair in the upper part and villous in the lower part. The flowers are purple, and there are dense hairs outside the perianth.

Distributed in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang.

Excavate before flowering in spring, remove the above-ground stems, keep the white hairs on the roots, clean up the soil and dry.

The dried roots of medicinal materials are cylindrical to conical, slightly twisted or broken, with a length of 6 ~ 15cm and a diameter of 0.5 ~ 1.7cm. The epidermis is yellowish brown or grayish brown, most of which have fallen off, and the rest are easy to fall off. Those without skin are grayish yellow or yellowish brown, with longitudinal wrinkles and mottled root marks, and reticular cracks or cracks in the skin break. The top of the root is covered with white hairs, and the traces of stem and leaf are removed. Hard and brittle. The cut surface is flat, the outside is yellow-white or yellow-brown, and the wood core is light yellow. A slight breath, bitter taste. It is best that the stripes are long and neat, the appearance is grayish yellow, and there are white hairs on the roots and head.

Location: Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and Hebei. In addition, it is also produced in Henan, Shandong, Jilin, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Heilongjiang.

The varieties of commercial Pulsatilla chinensis vary greatly from place to place. Mainly include: roots of Potentilla plants of Rosaceae or roots with aerial parts (see Potentilla), which are used in Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Guizhou, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places; The roots or whole grass with roots of Potentilla discolor (see "Potentilla discolor") are used in Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places; The roots of Ranunculaceae wild cotton (see "Wild Cotton Roots") are used in Shaanxi, Sichuan and Gansu. The root of the broken bowl flower (see "broken bowl flower") is used in Gansu and other places; The root of the big fire grass (see "big fire grass root") is used in Sichuan and Gansu.

The roots of Pulsatilla chinensis, Pulsatilla Hinggan, Pulsatilla koreana and Pulsatilla tenuifolia contain about 9% saponins, and when hydrolyzed, triterpenoid aglycone, glucose, rhamnose and an unknown sugar are produced. In addition, anemonin (also known as anemonin) is a cardiotonic toxicity, but the whole herb with roots removed has cardiotonic effect, and its cardiotonic components are Weng Ling and Weng Yin.

Processing, removing impurities, cleaning, moistening, slicing and drying.

Bitter nature and cold nature.

① Classic: "Bitter, warm and nontoxic."

② Don't record: "Toxic."

(3) Theory of medicinal properties: "Sweet and bitter, with little toxicity."

4 Gaoli: "Bitter taste, cold nature."

Meridian tropism enters the large intestine, liver and stomach meridians.

① Explanation of the nature of drugs processed by Lei Gong: "Into the heart and kidney."

(2) "Materia Medica" Shu Shu: "It begins with Yangming Meridian Blood."

③ Yaojie, Changsha: "Enter Shao Yang with gallbladder foot, Jue Yin with liver meridian foot."

Indications: clearing away heat, cooling blood and detoxifying. It can be used for treating dysentery due to toxic heat, malaria due to warm, cold and heat, epistaxis and haemorrhoids.

① Classic: "Dominant fever malaria is prone to cold and heat, abdominal mass accumulation, qi stagnation, expelling blood and relieving pain, and golden sore."

② Don't record: "Epistaxis."

③ Tao Hongjing: "Treating toxic dysentery."

④ Theory of medicinal properties: "Red poison can stop abdominal pain, dysentery, toothache and treat tumor and furuncle under the main item." "Treat all joint pain."

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Cure the ethos and warm your waist and knees, improve your eyesight and eliminate redundancy. Son: The function is the same as above. "

⑥ Summary of typhoid miscellaneous diseases: "It is suitable for people with toxic dysentery and purple blood."

⑦ Materia Medica: "Cooling blood and removing blood stasis, promoting diuresis and detoxifying."

⑧ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Treat alopecia, scrofula, hernia, bloody hemorrhoids, deviation, eyesight improvement and wart removal."

Pet-name ruby Addendum to the Outline: "Eliminate intestinal viscera and eliminate stagnation."

Attending modern and practical Chinese medicine: "Treating pharyngeal swelling."

Oral administration and dosage: decoction, 3 ~ 5 yuan (fresh 0.5 ~ 1 2); I still took the pills and dispersed them. External use: tamping.

Deficiency, cold, diarrhea and dysentery should be avoided.

(1) medicinal property theory: "Dolphins are really useful."

2 "Japanese Herbal Medicine": "Good wine."

(3) "Herbal Shu Shu": "Anyone who can't eat because of insufficient stomachs, who can't digest food because of insufficient stomachs, and who has diarrhea due to cold and dampness, rather than diarrhea due to dampness and toxin, should avoid it."

4 "Materia Medica from the New": "Avoid blood without heat."

Prescription 1: Pulsatilla chinensis, Coptidis Rhizoma, Cortex Phellodendri and Cortex Fraxini are used to treat heat dysentery. Serve four flavors, boil two liters with seven liters of water, and get me out of here. Take a liter of warm clothes, more and more. ("Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" Pulsatilla Decoction)

② Treatment of dysentery, which lasts day and night, and abdominal pain: Pulsatilla, Huang Dan (put Pulsatilla in an iron bottle to make it red), dried ginger (burst, filed flat), scopolamine (half liter) (washed with water, germinated in water, dried in the sun, and fried to yellow and black), and alum (burned until the juice is exhausted). The last medicine was pounded into powder, and the batter and pills were boiled in vinegar, which was as big as a buttonwood tree. Take ten pills with porridge before each meal. ("Sheng Huifang" Pulsatilla pill)

③ Treating women's cold, fatigue, diarrhea and postpartum leukorrhagia: Pulsatilla (removing reed head) and Folium Artemisiae Argyi (slightly fried). The first two flavors are the end, one liter of rice vinegar, and half of the medicine is eaten. Decoct first, then add the rest of the medicine, and take 30 pills each with Dan and Wutongzi Pills. Eat rice before eating. (Pulsatilla Pill in Shengji Zonglu)

④ Treatment of postpartum hypofunction: Pulsatilla chinensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Colla Corii Asini, Cortex Fraxini, Coptidis Rhizoma and Platycladi Cortex. Take seven liters of water from the six flavors and boil two and a half liters to make the inner glue disappear. Take three clothes with different temperatures. ("Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" Pulsatilla Glycyrrhiza Ejiao Decoction)

⑤ Treating children's heat toxic diarrhea is like fish brain: two halves of Pulsatilla chinensis, two halves of Coptis chinensis (slightly fried without beard) and one or two pieces of sour pomegranate peel (slightly fried file). Take the last medicine, pound it into powder, fry it for five minutes for one yuan and a small glass of water at a time, and let me go. When not measuring time, measure the size of the child and add and subtract. ("Sheng Huifang" Pulsatilla Powder)

⑥ Treat the attack of fever malaria, and die of coma: one or two Pulsatilla, two money each for Bupleurum, Pinellia, Scutellaria and Areca, and seven points for Glycyrrhiza. Decoct with water. ("Materia Medica")

⑦ Treatment of external hemorrhoid swelling and pain: Pulsatilla root mashed. ("Healthy Simple Prescription")

(8) Treating chronic lymphadenopathy and common cold: Pulsatilla, angelica tail, Cortex Moutan and Pinelliae. Stir-fry until the end. Take San Qian and adjust the white soup every time. ("Materia Medica")

⑨ Treatment of small yin rot: raw Pulsatilla root, no matter how much, mash it, apply it with the disease, treat it as a sore overnight, and recover in 20 days. (Sketch)

Clinical application ① Treatment of protozoan dysentery

Adults use Pulsatilla chinensis 15 ~ 30g daily, and decoct in water for 3 times, with 7 days as a course of treatment. For patients with serious illness, use another 30-50g, decocted into 100 ml liquid medicine, and leave it * *, once a day/kloc-0. According to the observation of 23 cases, the frequency of defecation and red and white mucus decreased obviously after taking the medicine. The average time for amoeba stool to turn negative under microscope was 65438 0.4 days. Rectal examination showed that the ulcer healed quickly, and all cases were cured in an average of 7 days. In addition, it is reported that Pulsatilla Decoction 10 cases are effective and all of them are cured. The longest treatment time was 9 days, and the shortest was 1 day, with an average of 2 days. In addition, the tissue extract of Pulsatilla chinensis can also be injected intramuscularly, daily 1 time, with an initial dose of 2 ml, and then increased by 0.5 ml to 3.5ml； each time; After the symptoms disappeared, the injection was continued for 5 ~ 10 times, and then it was reduced to 1 ~ 2 times per week for 3 months. Severe and chronic cases were perfused with 5 ~ 8 ml of Pulsatilla tissue extract and 60 ml of normal saline, 65438 0 times a day. 23 cases were treated, 9 cases were cured/kloc-0, and 4 cases were improved; The average time for symptoms to disappear was 4.4 days, and the average time for stool to turn negative was 6. 1 day.

② Treatment of bacillary dysentery

There seems to be little systematic observation on the treatment of bacillary dysentery with single Pulsatilla chinensis. It is reported that modified Pulsatilla decoction (Pulsatilla 6 yuan, Cortex Phellodendri 3-6 yuan, Cortex Fraxini 2-3 yuan, Radix Aucklandiae 1 yuan, and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae 400 ml, one dose of 200 ml) was used to treat acute bacillary dysentery or acute attack of chronic bacillary dysentery 123 cases. Results: The cure rate was 78%, which was similar to 76% in the control group (treated with sulfadiazine). If we observe the curative effect according to the different intestinal diseases, catarrhal type has a higher curative effect, with a cure rate of 95%, erosive type of 75% and ulcer type of 56.7%. The course of treatment of erosive ulcer is 7 ~ 15 days, and 10% green tea soup is added to keep it. In the cases with effective treatment, the average time for fever reduction is 2.0 1 day, the time for abdominal pain, urgency and abdominal tenderness to disappear is 6.9 days, the time for stool to return to normal after repeated medication is 10.02 days, the time for stool properties to return to normal is/kloc-0.1day, and the time for routine stool examination to return to normal is 9 days.

③ Treatment of lymphoid tuberculosis

Take five taels of Pulsatilla, wash and cut into pieces, soak in 2 kg of Chinese liquor, seal in the jar, add water and decoct for several times, take it out and put it in the shade on the ground for 2-3 days, then open the jar, take it out, and bottle the wine and seal it for later use. Take 1 hour in the morning and evening, then take 1 time, and drink 1 ~ 2 cups each time. Generally 1 ~ 2 months is a course of treatment. It is suitable for purulent water after ulceration of scrofula and long-term stagnation. 10 More than 0 cases were effectively treated.

④ Treatment of furuncle and carbuncle

Pulsatilla 2 Liang, decocted in water, served for several days. Still combined with routine local treatment. Pulsatilla chinensis has no adverse reaction after taking it, and a few patients have laxative effect after taking it, which is extremely suitable for patients with excess heat constipation.

Remind you: Pulsatilla this Chinese herbal medicine comes from the Internet, please follow the doctor's advice before using it.