1.0 is simple? Austin's novel Pride and Prejudice (English version 1 version) is used for verification, hereinafter referred to as the O version; There are four Chinese versions, namely People's Literature, Shanghai Translation, Yilin and Beijing Yanshan Edition, hereinafter referred to as A, B, C and D respectively.

"If you mean Darcy," cried her brother, "he can go to bed before the dance starts, if he wants to-as for dancing, it is completely determinable; Once Nichols has cooked enough white soup, I will send my card. "

Pride and prejudice, chapter 65438, Jane Austen of Wordsworth Edition Co., Ltd. This edition is published by Wordsworth Edition Co., Ltd.

Version 1.2 A "If you mean Darcy," her brother said loudly, "before the dance begins, he can go to bed if he wants. As for the dance, it has been decided. Once Nichols has prepared enough white soup, I will send out an invitation. "

A soup made of white meat (such as veal and chicken) and vegetables. After the dance, guests usually drink hot white soup, coffee or other drinks before leaving.

"Pride and Prejudice" Volume I Chapter 47 XI People's Literature Publishing House [English], translated by Zhang Ling Zhang Yang in Austin.

1 993 July Beijing 1 Edition 20031October Beijing1Edition printing.

Version 1.3 B "If you mean Darcy," her brother said loudly, "then he can go to bed before the dance begins, as he pleases. The dance has been decided. As long as Nicholas gets everything ready, I will invite you. "

"Pride and Prejudice" Volume I Chapter I XI P44 Shanghai Translation Publishing House [English] Jane? Austin and Wesley Wang.

199665438+February Shanghai No.65438 +0 edition199865438+February Shanghai fourth printing.

Version 1.4 C "If you mean Darcy," her brother said loudly, "he can go to bed before the dance begins, whatever he wants-the dance is decided, and I won't send an invitation until Nichols has prepared enough white soup."

White soup: It is a soup made of gravy, egg yolk, crushed almonds and cream. At that time, English people often drank white soup mixed with wine at dances to keep warm and refresh themselves.

"Pride and prejudice" Volume I Chapter 38 XI Yilin Publishing House [English] Jane? Translated by Austin and Sun Zhili.

May 2000 Nanjing Second Edition 20065438+April 0 Nanjing Second Printing

Version 1.5 D "If you mean Darcy," her brother said loudly, "before the dance begins, he can go to bed if he wants. As for the dance, it has been decided. Once Nichols has prepared enough white soup, I will send out an invitation. "

A soup made of white meat (such as veal and chicken) and vegetables. At that time, British people often drank hot soup mixed with wine to keep warm and refresh themselves.

Pride and prejudice, chapter XI P42, Beijing Yanshan Publishing House [English] Jane? Austin's Translation of Zhang Longsheng

1995 Beijing Edition1The fifth printing in Beijing in May 2000

2.0 The study of a foreign literary work must be based on a step-by-step process of translation, acceptance and in-depth study (due to language restrictions, few people can directly read the original). In this process, the first problem is translation, which is directly related to whether a work can be spread in a specific language area. Secondly, readers' cognition and understanding of the works. The deeper the reader's acceptance of the work, the faster the spread of the work and the wider the region. In-depth and meticulous research is based on the former.

2. 1 Although China joined the international copyright convention in the early 1990s, the copyright awareness in China is still relatively weak (not to mention the recent "geisha dispute" between Shanghai translators and Qinghai people). Therefore, out of cultural and commercial acumen, some booksellers use some blind spots in copyright to "retranslate" a large number of world literary masterpieces. The so-called "retranslation", some translators are not foreign language workers engaged in translation, but college students gunmen or people with certain Chinese language and literature literacy. They "re-expressed" the existing Chinese versions of world literary masterpieces. Is the blueprint Chinese, translated or Chinese? The difference is that retranslation may be more wonderful than the original, but it inevitably leads to misreading, mistranslation and even distortion of the original, and more seriously infringes on the copyright of the original translator. In this wave of retranslation, Pride and Prejudice has also become the target of retranslation. There are indications that Zhang Longsheng's translation published by Beijing Yanshan Publishing House 1995 is such a product.

3.0 Actually, the idea of comparing the Chinese versions of Pride and Prejudice is not new now. When I graduate from high school, I want to hand in a research study report, otherwise the school will threaten us not to graduate. At that time, several Chinese versions of Pride and Prejudice were compared with Rousseau's Fantasy of a Lonely Traveler.

3.0 Several Chinese versions of Pride and Prejudice have been introduced above, so I won't repeat them here. What makes me doubt the Yanshan edition is the notes of "white soup" and "hot soup" in Chapter 11 of Book One. As far as I can remember, the humanities version translated "white soup" into "white soup" and the translated version into "hot soup". There are too many annotations in both versions, so I can't judge whether they describe the same soup without referring to the text. So I borrowed four editions from the library: English edition, humanities edition, Yilin edition and Yanshan edition. For the translated version that the library doesn't have, let dad take the translated version off the bookshelf that people don't want to touch easily, and send the relevant text and version information by email.

3. 1 After getting all five versions, I found some small errors in the memory. "Hot soup" does not exist, and all Chinese versions have translated "white soup" into "white soup". The culprit of the original version was only to put a firework in the text, which was gently evaded by "everything". However, comparing the Humanities Edition and Yilin Edition, the notes on "White Soup" are indeed written in this way, and it is impossible to judge whether the two versions describe the same soup. What makes me more suspicious is that the annotations of Yanshan Edition are more like the combination of the annotations of Humanities Edition and Yilin Edition. Where is the text of this note? There seems to be some distance between Yilin edition and Yanshan edition. But comparing the results of Humanities Edition and Yanshan Edition really makes me more depressed: they are basically the same, and some differences are only the differences between identical twins.

3.2 This result makes me question the edition order of Pride and Prejudice. My initial expectation was this. Taking the English original as the female parent, in chronological order, four Chinese versions, namely, A, B, C and D, were introduced into China's translation.

3.3 After this change, I don't know if it is in this order. It turns out that English has produced three Chinese versions, A, B and C, which are not closely related, and the final Yanshan version, that is, the D version, is the product of "Chinese translation" on the basis of previous achievements. I really dare not speculate so maliciously on the moral bottom line of China people.

3.4 However, I still randomly and incompletely extracted three versions of the notes and compared them with the text of the notes. The results are as follows:

Version annotation

Volume 1, Chapter 3, Volume 1, Chapter 10, Volume 1, Chapter 21, Chapter 4, Volume 2, Chapter 6, Chapter 19, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 8, Chapter 3, Chapter 9, Chapter 3, Chapter 3 and Chapter 7.

A humanities edition P 1 1, note ②* P39, note 1p96, note 1p 125, note 1p 133, note 2p/kloc.

So the translated version of B is at home and can't be found in the library. In addition to the last case of "white soup" (white soup was specially given by my father), I have to give up the comprehensive comparative analysis of this version.

Compared with version A, C Yilin version P 10 has more "dancers dancing in two rows" than "originated from the French Revolution". P33, there is no such comment. P78, there is no such remark. P 104, the description is almost the same, and the introduction of "Lake Poet" is more than that of version A, P 1 10, without this comment. P 155, without this instruction. The text also bypassed the translation, literally translated as "but it is private and not convenient to publish." P 156, marked as "a famous mine", is different from the A version of "a spar without metal composition". P 178, different from the A version, "In the past, British couples often fled across the border to this place for secret weddings, so this village became famous." At that time, many British couples went there to hold weddings, and did not highlight the meaning of elopement. P20 1, no such remarks. The text is "If Lydia? Miss Bennett stepped into the world of fireworks ",translated as" If Lydia? Miss Bennett was reduced to receiving local relief. " . P206, without this note. P207, different from version A's annotation "A small experimental theater built in18th century, located in Haymarket Street, demolished at the beginning of19th century", version C's annotation is "Built in 1720, and its address is just north of the present Haimark Theater. 182 1, the small theater was demolished after the completion of Haimak Theater. P246, completely different from version A, is longer, but its meaning seems to be different from version A, and it doesn't mean to take care of special people.

D Yanshan P9 is a comprehensive version of A and C, and the text of this note is very similar to that of A .. P37, exactly the same as that of A, and the text of this note is very similar to that of A.. P9 1 is exactly the same as version A, and the text of this note is very similar to version A. P 1 19, which is exactly the same as version A, except that the annotation text has one more word "go" P 125, which is exactly the same as version A. The annotation text is about two-thirds the same as version A .. P 183, exactly the same as version A, almost half the annotation text as version A .. P207, exactly the same as version A, P234, except for an irrelevant word "if" which is different from version A, the rest are the same; More strangely, compared with version A, only the last four words in version A's notes have been changed from "talking" to "gossiping", and the rest of the sentences, structures and wording are the same. P24 1, exactly the same as version a, the annotation text is almost two-thirds .. P242, exactly the same as version a, and the annotation text is about two-thirds .. P29 1, exactly the same as version a, and the annotation text is almost two-thirds. ..

* For the chapter on the source of annotations, Yanshan Edition (D Edition) is not divided into volumes like O Edition, and the other three editions (A, B and C Edition) are divided into volumes, so the chapters here are all based on the humanities edition (A Edition).

3.5 The result is obvious. Yanshan edition obviously draws lessons from humanistic texts. The quotation of the text includes all-round quotation of its sentence pattern, structure, words and notes, which is not called "not very clever Chinese translation". What's it called? ! At least, the sentence pattern, writing, wording and notes of "Qiao Zhong" should be slightly changed, so that people can't see its origin, but it looks like an English version.

4.0 It's time to sit down and make a conclusion about this event and the significance of writing this article.

4. 1 In my opinion, the research on foreign literature in China can be divided into two categories in methodology: one is translation research, which is mainly undertaken by scholars who can read the original foreign language in the field of foreign language teaching and research. The other is independent research, which includes both scholars in the field of foreign language teaching and research and literary scholars specializing in foreign literature research. These two different research methods have their own characteristics. The former covers a wide range, including macro research and micro research, because it depends on the research results of foreign scholars. Because of the limited sources of information, the latter often takes the Chinese translation of the original text as the starting point, so most of them focus on macro research or comparative research with China classical literature or literature since modern times.

4.2 As mentioned above, translation and introduction is an important means in the field of foreign literature research. There is a tendency in academic circles that translation and introduction research is a kind of "opportunism", which I think is biased. Translation studies have two irreplaceable functions, namely, providing the original research materials of the birthplace of the work and referring to its research methods. Due to language and geographical barriers, many things cannot be done by all researchers, so translation plays a key role as a bridge. (Of course, correspondingly, the research of overseas scholars cannot be ignored. The so-called "stones from other mountains can attack jade" cannot be seen clearly because of "being in this mountain", but overseas scholars who "jump out of the three realms and are not in the five elements" can sometimes clear their minds and make remarkable academic progress. The introduction of overseas sinology achievements is of great reference significance to our research. For example, Jiangsu People's Publishing House published the Series of Overseas China Studies, which is very timely and important. )

4.3 As for the study of translation itself, it is an easily overlooked field. In addition to serving as a bridge to break the language barrier in the study of foreign literature, translation itself has also become the research object of comparative literature. Traditional translation studies focus on the process of language conversion and related theoretical issues, aiming at summarizing and guiding translation practice, while comparative literature scholars regard translation as the object of literary research. And put the translator, translation or translation behavior in the background of two or more different nationalities, cultures or societies to investigate and explain how these different nationalities, cultures and societies communicate. These include mutual understanding and blending, mutual misunderstanding and exclusion, and cultural distortion and deformation caused by mutual misunderstanding. As far as the study of Pride and Prejudice is concerned, many Chinese versions of Pride and Prejudice, such as humanities, translation and translation, are our research objects.

4.4 For the weak copyright awareness of Chinese people, I think we should strengthen supervision while improving the legal system, so as not to become a dead letter. As for retranslation, my opinion may be expressed by a sentence in the preface to the translation of Faust by Luyuan published by People's Literature Publishing House: "Translation is a competition to forget fish." All translation is a process of reinterpreting the intention of a work. Based on the idea that all interpretations are misreading, the emergence of more translations may make us close to infinity like the hyperbola of inverse function. X (at the same time, let those "China reversals" have nothing to hide. )