Hungary is dominated by plains, and 80% of its territory is below 200 meters above sea level, belonging to the middle and upper reaches of the Danube Plain. The Hungarian plain on the east side of the Danube covers an area of about 50,000 hectares, and there are also small plains in the northwest, most of which are100-150m above sea level. The hillside is less than one fifth, and the northern part is a part of Carpathian Mountains, with an altitude of 300-1000 m..
Hungary, located in the warm temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, is the intersection of warm temperate continental climate, warm temperate maritime climate and Mediterranean climate, which is greatly influenced by continental climate and belongs to the continental climate of warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest. The Hungarian climate changes greatly, and the environmental temperature in China changes greatly, with an annual average temperature of 10.8℃. It is hottest in July and August. Although the average temperature in midsummer is between 265,438 0.7℃, the surface temperature in these two months sometimes exceeds 30℃, and the highest temperature can reach 34.5℃. Winter is not very cold, the coldest months are 65438+ 10 and February, and the average temperature is-1.2℃. The sunshine hours in the whole year are 2038 hours, with more sunshine hours in the south.
Budapest is a key political and commercial service, transportation center and the largest city in the host country. They are all famous ancient capitals in Europe, located in the south-central part of the national border, on both sides of the middle and upper reaches of the Danube. Originally, it was two cities far apart. After centuries of reconstruction, in 1873, they were merged by the metropolises of Buda and Gubuda on the right bank of the Danube and Perth on the left bank. People call it Zoppes-Ubud.
1987 screening of historical and cultural heritages According to the specifications, the banks of the Danube, Fort Butas and Andras Street, as one of the outstanding representatives of world urban scenery, have been approved by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee to be listed as historical and cultural heritages in the World Heritage List. In 2002, the scope of the estate was expanded to include Andras Street. There are some sites around here, such as the Roman city of Akungum and the Gothic Buda Castle. These sites are influenced by architectural types in many stages, and they are one of the outstanding examples of urban landscape in the world, showing the faces of various outstanding stages in the ancient history of the Hungarian capital.
Budapest has the reputation of "Paris in Eastern Europe" and "the dazzling pearl of the Danube". The most important places of interest in Budapest are located on the banks of the Danube, and this big city is located on the banks of the Danube. Buda Project was built in the rocky Longzhou Bay, and Pace Project was built in the plain on the north shore. On the steep hill on the Buda side of the west bank, freedom monuments and ancient castles were shaped. At the foot of the mountain is Gellert Bath, and below is the podium of Budapest University of Technology and Economics. There is Buda Castle in the mountains north of the castle. Today's castle has the National Library, the National Gallery of Hungary and the Municipal Museum. The Sandor Palace next to the castle is the official residence of the Hungarian President of the United States.
Buda Castle Budapest's most important historical site is located in Buda Castle Hill at an altitude of 167 meters on the Danube, with Roman city-style relics and Gothic architecture. It can be said that the history of Budapest is mainly the historical time of Buda Castle Hill. Buda is built on the mountain, located on the shore and cliff, with unique landform and scenery. A long and narrow ancient capital, about 1500m long and 500m wide, with only three gates to open, it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. There are four parallel key street communities in the same city, and the squares, large and small, are the most distinctive landscape of the city, and they are also places where residents can trade at will.
The criss-crossing streets and the frequent appearance of this Little Square reflect the characteristics of European medieval cities. The core of the ancient castle area is the sacred Three Gods Square. The original Gothic Cathedral in the square was destroyed during the Turkish occupation and rebuilt at the beginning of19th century. In addition, the statue of King Saint Etienne and the three pillars in baroque style are the more beautiful focuses in the square, adding a lot of color to the whole square. Located near the west gate is the former city hall, which is the official residence of the higher administrative department of Buda City. The engineering buildings are all divided into five floors, the base is made of stone, and the sharp shape is particularly eye-catching. In addition, the two famous scenic spots of the ancient castle mountain are the Santa Maria church with more than 700 years of human history and the unique fisherman's castle.
The northern part of Magash Church is shaped by Magash Church, and there is a fisherman's castle between it and Danube River. All these ancient castle areas and their scenery along the Danube River were listed as world cultural heritage by UNESCO in 1987. There is a real structure as complicated as a mystery under the ground in this area. Part of this mystery can be visited. In fact, on the east bank of the Danube, on the gentle Pace side, there stand the Hungarian Parliament Building, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, many hotels and Pace Ballroom, which extend to the National Opera House and the Art Palace in the south.
Chain Bridge In Budapest, there are nine highway bridges across the Danube, the earliest of which refers to the chain bridge, which is also one of the symbols of Budapest. Considering the chain bridge, you can also follow the small ring road through the Tobacco Street Synagogue, the Capital Museum and the Perth-side market service hall to the random bridge. Tobacco street synagogue means the Jewish regional passage in Budapest in history, which is located between the inner ring and the outer ring. It is the largest synagogue in Europe and the second largest synagogue in the world.
Most of the small ring road was built along the original Perth ancient city wall. 18 demolished the last gate of an ancient city wall, and some places also have ancient city wall ruins. There is a real inner city of Budapest between the small ring road and the Danube. Watts Street, which is parallel to the Danube River, used to be a commercial street in the city, but now it is the most famous shopping center in the city. It connects the sales and marketing service hall with Lousma Plaza. On the north side of the inner city is the largest church engineering building in Budapest: the Pantheon of Saint Esther.