Babanski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, put forward the theory of "optimization", the essence of which is "to let children and teachers use the most necessary input to achieve the greatest possible effect. How to make the environment a booster for curriculum implementation "optimization"? The following is my understanding of how to design a kindergarten environment with limited space. Welcome to reading.

First, simplify the complex, create an environment and promote the normalization of curriculum implementation

Babanski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, put forward the theory of "optimization", the essence of which is "to let children and teachers use the most necessary input to achieve the greatest possible effect. How to make the environment a booster for curriculum implementation "optimization"?

Our standards are:

1, simple preparation before the activity, so that children can play if they want.

2, to ensure the safety of activities, so that children want to play.

(Scene 1: Footsteps on the field) (See attachment PPT for related pictures, the same below)

Everyone must be familiar with sensory integration activities, and everyone knows a little about the importance of sensory integration training for children aged 3-6. What you see now is actually a part of the sensory system, called the "footstep device". These footprints were originally on plastic paper, so it is inconvenient to practice, time-consuming and laborious, and the effect is not good. Because it takes time to take it out and spread it out every time, and then roll it up and put it away after use, in winter, these plastic papers become hard and can't be laid at all, and children move as soon as they get up, so their interest in playing is naturally not high. So, I discussed with my teacher: "How can we make such valuable sports activities become things that children like to play and can often play?" So the footstep device becomes the foot of Mr. centipede painted on the field, so that children will not miss passing by, and the usage rate and activity frequency will increase exponentially.

With this idea, we also designed the idea scene of "tiptoe walking" in teaching and research (showing the ideas on the playground), which is also a part of the footstep device, replacing the ordinary dots on the playground (prompting function) and becoming a "good idea" to develop children's balance ability. Through the creation of "simplifying the complex", teachers' work enthusiasm and creativity have been improved. Under the impact of thinking, teachers have gradually formed the habit of paying attention to the ordinary and implementing daily life.

(Scene 2: Our Paradise-Grassland)

On this grassland, in addition to large wooden sports equipment, we also used small wooden stakes, bamboo ladders, tires and other materials to turn it into a sports playground. Every corner is an interesting place, and children are very yearning for it. Playing games in such a venue will mobilize children's body and mind and satisfy cognitive construction, because although it is permanent, it can be adjusted at will according to the requirements of the game; At the same time, the development needs such as exchanges and cooperation have also been met, because at noon, it has become a paradise for children to move freely. They will spontaneously organize some hide-and-seek games (without obvious class boundaries), and wooden barrels, castles, bushes and jungles will naturally become children's "hiding places". I don't think the game of hide-and-seek will disappear here.

To be more specific, it is also a tire, which was created by our brains. Some are erected and buried in the soil; Some are scattered around the grass; There are also two stacked in the "hole". This design is not only interesting and challenging, but also considers ensuring the safety of children's activities. Because teachers have no worries, they can really let go of their children's hands and feet and let them really play like children in their own way. Play a high-level game, and all kinds of big muscle movements will develop naturally and evenly in such a game. Look at them, some use tires as pommel horses, some use tires as obstacles, and some even walk directly on them ... The love of children and the simplicity of teachers make all activities here easy to normalize. The teacher's peace of mind and the children's autonomy make all activities here normal and effective (put two and a half months of photos to show that once the situation is created, the children will play beyond the imagination of adults)

"Simplify the complexity" means to consider the problem from the perspective of the development of children and teachers, improve the utilization rate of the environment, and at the same time let teachers have more time and energy to observe, guide and interact with children, and finally benefit children. Such a virtuous circle can more effectively promote the normalization of curriculum implementation.

Second, overall consideration, environment creation should consider the balance of curriculum implementation.

Kindergarten curriculum includes four courses: life, sports, games and study, and each course has its own uniqueness and value. Therefore, kindergartens should consider the contents of the four courses when creating the environment, and think as a whole, thus contributing to the comprehensive and balanced implementation of the courses. Here are some practices in this regard:

1. Outdoor sports environment

(Scene 1: Wild Fun Sports Ground)

"The bamboo bridge is built on a soil slope, and the tires are very high. Outdoor sports make us brave and flexible." This is a lyric in our Chang 'e Song Yuan. When creating a permanent sports environment on the grass, we try our best to integrate the elements of "wild interest" into it. Shelters were built on the top of wooden equipment with nets and leaves, some bamboo ladders and tire roads were laid in the Woods, and some wicker rings were prepared for children to wear on their heads. These materials have stimulated children's rich imagination and diverse experiences. See how they move forward on the road of the brave, just like the People's Liberation Army who dares to challenge. Outdoor sports environment is more attractive to children, and children enjoy sports more in this environment.

2. Interesting learning environment

(Scene 2: Small Farm, Mini Zoo)

In our study part, the theme of animals runs through three eras. The topic of animals is accompanied by children's growth for three years, from In the Zoo in the middle class to Animal World in the big class. Among them, the middle class also arranged the theme of "on the farm". During the activity, children's love for animals made us sincerely feel that if conditions permit, we should really raise some small animals. Therefore, we make full use of the outdoor environment (pool and flower terrace) to create a "farm story" and a "mini zoo" for children. The environment and animal images here are vivid, which vividly show the living environment of farm animals and wild animals to children without losing the green area. Today, when children linger in front of the flower stands that nobody cares about, we deeply realize that the small environment can still play a big role as long as it is skillfully designed and rationally used.

3. Imaginary game environment

(Scene 3: Cruise Terminal)

In children's eyes, the shape of the cruise ship at the entrance of the classroom in the big class has naturally become a classic project of "one-day tour in Shanghai": the children in the big class set up a travel agency to take tourists to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Shanghai on the cruise ship.

In the theme of "Bunny", when the children in the small class sang "I like green vegetables, I ate them" in the game, the children naturally jumped to the "side dish" on the farm regardless of the self-made teaching AIDS brought by the teacher. When they saw the "big bad wolf" coming, they quickly went to the hut to hide. Children can spontaneously connect the creation of park environment with games, and independently find available factors in environmental resources to play games. It can be seen that the environment with a sense of design can be used everywhere, which is more situational and environmentally friendly than self-study teaching.

4. Real and natural living environment (showing pictures of the scene)

In the creation of various environments, the traces of life education are everywhere. How to obey the rules, top left and bottom right; How to avoid danger and protect yourself; How to distinguish icons, put things back in place and arrange them in order. ? In these simulated scenes and in this interesting atmosphere, children are constantly enriching the basic experience of life education, which should also prove that life education should be cultivated in real situations.

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