3. 1 Macroeconomic policies remained stable.

According to the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the core idea is to maintain the continuity and stability of macroeconomic policies. The policy of expanding domestic demand, proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, which have been implemented for six consecutive years, have exerted cumulative effects, effectively overcoming the adverse effects of weak world economic growth, curbing the deflationary trend and strongly supporting the steady and high-speed economic development. In 2004, the local fiscal revenue of Heilongjiang Province reached 34.93 billion yuan, an increase of 22.438+0 over 2003. Among them, the general budget revenue was 28.94 billion yuan, an increase of 19.8, and the local fiscal expenditure was 75.85 billion yuan, an increase of 20.4 over 2003. Among them, the general budget expenditure was 69.75 billion yuan, an increase of L 8.4. Among them, the expenditure on social security subsidies, education, enterprises' potential funds and agriculture and forestry science and technology increased by 365,438 0.7, 22.6, 44.8, 32.7 and 37.3 respectively compared with 2003, which were higher than the general budget expenditure. In 2004, in line with the country's continued implementation of a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, Heilongjiang Province actively guided social funds to industries and construction projects encouraged by the state, used national policies to serve local economic development, and focused on improving rural infrastructure, technological transformation of key state-owned enterprises, ecological environment construction and public service facilities.

3.2 The State implements the strategy of "Revitalizing Northeast China"

In 2004, there were four new policies to revitalize Northeast China: ① according to the direction of value-added tax reform, the newly purchased machinery and equipment in eight major industries in Northeast China were deducted; (2) appropriately reduce the resource tax standard for some qualified mines and oil fields; ③ According to the direction of income tax reform, the pre-tax standard of taxable wages should be raised in time and the enterprise tax should be reduced; (4) allow commercial banks to take further measures to dispose of non-performing assets or reduce the off-balance-sheet interest owed by loan enterprises independently. The formulation and implementation of these policies is like a spring rain for the economic development of Heilongjiang Province, which is dominated by equipment manufacturing and energy-consuming enterprises and has accumulated a large number of non-performing assets under the long-term planned economy system.

In addition, in terms of fiscal and taxation policies, the state gives the Northeast an appropriate exemption from historical tax arrears; Appropriately reduce the resource tax standard; Give tax incentives to enterprises in advantageous industries and pillar industries to buy new equipment; When the central government makes general transfer payments, it will appropriately tilt to the old industrial base and simplify the examination and approval procedures of the old industrial base; Encourage enterprises to use advanced domestic equipment. Through the implementation of these policies, we can get rid of the "historical burden" to a certain extent, go into battle lightly, reduce the reform cost brought about by the economic transformation of our province, which is dominated by resource-based cities, and help to promote the settlement of new growth enterprises and the outflow of private capital and foreign capital. Encouraging the use of domestic equipment can quickly withdraw funds and recover costs for transformed enterprises, and lay an economic foundation for enterprises to expand reproduction and technological upgrading. The sustained and steady growth of the national economy as a whole has provided the necessary material guarantee for the country to feed back agriculture and support the construction of a well-off society in rural areas.

4. Agricultural production has developed steadily.

4. 1 Strengthening the basic position of agriculture Heilongjiang Province is an important commodity grain base in the country, and agricultural production has developed steadily. 1978, the total agricultural output value of the whole province was only 4 1 100 million yuan, accounting for 23.5% of the total agricultural output value of the whole province. In 2003, the agricultural GDP increased to 50.29 billion yuan, accounting for1.39,5 of the GDP. The total output value of animal husbandry reached 29.4 billion yuan; In 2004, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was1.1.30 billion yuan, an increase of1.80 billion yuan over 2003. Green food planting area 1.66 million hm, increasing by 3 1.5. The sustained and rapid growth of green food industry has effectively promoted industrial adjustment and increased farmers' income. The sustained growth of agricultural GDP shows that agricultural production itself has been greatly improved and the basic position of agriculture has been strengthened.

4.2 The effect of supporting policies in major grain producing areas is obvious.

In 2005, Document No.1 clearly stated that it was necessary to "strengthen the basic position of agriculture, promote the adjustment of agricultural and rural economic structure, protect and improve the comprehensive grain production capacity" and "increase support for major grain producing areas". In 2004 and 2005, the "No.1 Document" of the Central Committee reduced or exempted agricultural taxes, and implemented policies such as direct grain subsidies and improved varieties subsidies, which achieved good results. In 2004, the sown area of grain crops in Heilongjiang Province was 9,646,700 hectares and the output was 365,438 350,000 tons, an increase of 654,38 532,000 hectares compared with 2003. , increase18.88; In 2004, the total grain output increased by 6.227 million tons compared with 2003, and the growth rate was 2479.99/6. The net income of farmers has also broken through the dilemma of wandering in the trough for several years. There has been a recovery growth, reaching a record of 3,065,438+00 yuan in 2004.

5 Agricultural internationalization faces opportunities and challenges

Global economic integration is an irreversible trend, and agricultural issues are one of the focuses of China's WTO accession negotiations. After consultation. China has made corresponding commitments on issues such as tariff concessions on agricultural products, tariff quotas, export subsidies, agricultural subsidies and agricultural service trade, and agricultural internationalization faces opportunities and challenges. Due to the endowment of agricultural natural resources and the advantages of long-term development and construction in Heilongjiang Province. It has created a huge output and sustained supply of agriculture, and provided an internal driving force for the export of agricultural products. In 2003, the import and export trade of agricultural products in Heilongjiang Province increased in both directions, and the growth rate of agricultural products trade ranked first in the country. The total import and export volume was US$ 804 million, of which US$ 756 million was exported, up by 7.9 13, accounting for 2.634% of the total export volume of the province. The total import volume was US$ 48 million, an increase of US$ 696,543.8 million over 2002. The trade surplus of agricultural products was $708 million. Agricultural internationalization in Heilongjiang province is also facing various tests: although the trade of agricultural products is growing rapidly, it must be recognized that the price advantages of major agricultural products such as grain are gradually losing, and agricultural and sideline products do not yet have scale effects. Non-tariff barriers in international trade of agricultural products have not been eliminated, but have been strengthened and hidden to some extent. Therefore, in the future, we should improve the quality of exported grain with production advantages, stabilize and expand grain exports, and enhance the competitiveness of animal husbandry and aquaculture; At the same time, adopt various trade methods to reduce trade risks and promote the diversification of agricultural products market and the development of agricultural and rural economy.

6 Conclusions and comments

From the above analysis, we can see that no matter from the gradual improvement of socialist economic system reform, the optimization and adjustment of economic structure, the inclination of national policies, the improvement of agricultural and rural policies and the current situation of agricultural internationalization, Heilongjiang Province has provided a good macroeconomic environment for building a well-off society in rural areas. However, we should also clearly realize that agriculture and rural areas are still the key and difficult points in the process of realizing urban-rural overall planning, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and building a comprehensive and harmonious well-off society. In addition to the above macroeconomic conditions, there are various uncertainties. Because the contradiction between man and land is not very sharp, farmers in Heilongjiang province love and hate the land very much, and it is impossible to fundamentally change it in the short term. Therefore, the focus of building a well-off society in rural areas of Heilongjiang Province should be to improve the efficiency of agricultural production and develop agricultural related industries, so as to maintain the sustainable output of agriculture and the stable development of rural economy and society. To build a well-off society in rural areas of Heilongjiang Province in an all-round way, we should conform to the overall development trend of the national economy, make full use of the favorable opportunity of national policies, optimize and upgrade the agricultural industrial structure according to the structural characteristics of regional agricultural resources, gradually increase support for agriculture, establish a long-term mechanism for farmers' subsidies in major grain producing areas, broaden the fields of agricultural opening up, improve the degree of opening up, develop agricultural production, prosper agricultural economy and build a well-off society in rural areas through opening up, reform, exchanges and interaction.

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