Built in 1939, it was formerly the National Art Museum of Belarus, and was renamed the National Art Museum of Belarus in 1957. This museum has the largest collection of white sculptures, and its collection scale ranks among the best in the CIS countries. Before the Great Patriotic War, the collection mainly included icons of Belarus, wood carvings from 16 to 18 centuries, paintings before the October Revolution, and works of some Soviet artists collected by museums in Minsk, Vitebsk and Mogilev, Belarus. During the German invasion of World War II, the art museum was bombed, and most of the art collections were looted by German fascists, and their whereabouts are still unknown. Later, with the unremitting efforts of Aladowaya, a white artist and collector, the museum was rebuilt. At present, there are many artworks on display and in stock, including paintings, sculptures and practical decorative works by artists from Belarus, Russia and other countries.
National Opera and Ballet Theatre
1933 was laid, and 1939 was completed. * * It can accommodate 1500 people, including pool seat 1200 people and box with 300 people (three floors). During the Great Patriotic War, the theater was damaged to a great extent and was restored on 1948. 1978 interior decoration. The theater mainly presents classic ballet and opera.
Brest city
A border city in the southwest of Belarus, 350 kilometers away from Minsk, located at the confluence of the Mu Javits River and the Buge River, is the capital of Brest, with a population of 290,000. The city was built in 10 19. Historically, it was a battleground for military strategists and a gathering place for businessmen. Brest became one of the political and economic centers of the Principality of Lithuania in the15-16th century, and became the county seat of Grodno province in Russia from the19th century. Bordering Poland, the city is a railway and highway transportation hub for Russia and Belarus to Central and Eastern Europe and Western Europe, and an important hub on the Eurasian Continental Bridge. Because of its superior geographical location, developed transportation facilities and high quality of labor force, the former Soviet government once considered opening a special economic zone here. 1996, Belarus opened the first free special economic zone in China. The area consists of two parts, located in the northwest and east of the city, covering an area of 70 square kilometers.
Minsk city
The capital of Belarus, located on the Svrokh River, a tributary of the Dnieper River, has a population of 65,438+700,000. It covers an area of 229 square kilometers. Minsk has a history of 935 years The earliest record of Minsk in history books is 1067. /kloc-At the beginning of the 4th century, Minsk was merged into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and 1793 was merged into Russia, becoming the center of Minsk province. 1 919 65438+1October1Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic was founded, with Minsk as the capital of the Republic. During World War II, Minsk fell on June 28th. 194 1. German fascists killed more than 400,000 people in Minsk and its vicinity. 80% houses in Minsk and almost all factories, power stations, scientific research institutions and theaters were destroyed. 1July 3, 944, the Soviet Red Army liberated Minsk. 1946 Start reconstruction. 1972 65438+ 10 Minsk became the first city in the Soviet Union with a population of over one million. Minsk won the Lenin Medal twice, and 1974 was awarded the title of hero city.
Skorina avenue
Formerly known as Lenin Street, it was named after Flantz Sykes Corina, a famous Belarusian writer and poet after independence. Total length 1 1km, width 48-70 meters. It runs through Minsk from northeast to southwest and is the central axis and traffic artery of Minsk. This street crosses the Svsloch River, which flows through Minsk, and the main traffic lines connecting all areas of the city. Most of the buildings beside the street were rebuilt after World War II. The main street crosses several squares, among which the famous ones are Victory Square, Independence Square (formerly Lenin Square), October Square and yakubu Kohloss Square.
Victory Square
Located in the center of Minsk, it was built in 1947, with a length of 225m and a width of 175m. A 40-meter-high monument to the martyrs of the Great Patriotic War stands in the square. The bottom of the monument is inlaid with large metal relief groups, which shows the heroic fighting course of Belarusian soldiers and civilians against the enemy. At the top of the monument is a five-star medal symbolizing a heroic city. In front of the monument is the Changming flame which embodies the immortal spirit of the martyrs. The names of the former Soviet Union 12 hero cities are engraved on the stone tablets arranged neatly on both sides of the square. There is a spacious pedestrian passage under the square, and an amber wreath with a diameter of 2 meters is built in the central hall of the passage, and the wreath is equipped with lighting devices. When the lights are on, the whole wreath is like a flaming flame, reminding passers-by not to forget the martyrs who died gloriously for victory. At present, Victory Square has become one of the main venues for holding grand commemorative activities in Belarus. Every major festival such as Victory Day and Independence Day, Belarus will hold a grand flower offering ceremony in the square. When foreign leaders visit, they usually present wreaths to the Martyrs Monument.
National Museum of Great Patriotic War History
Located on the left side of Minsk Palace, it is the largest memorial hall of the Great Patriotic War in Belarus with the largest collection. The museum was opened to the public for the first time on1October 22nd, 1944, and the main exhibits came from the exhibition of Belarusian life and combat history held in Moscow on1October. These exhibits reflect the tragic history of Belarusian soldiers and civilians in the period of 194 1-1945. 1966, the museum officially moved into the current three-story building, with 25 exhibition halls, with a total area of 3,600 square meters, cultural relics and artistic works. The inner courtyard of the museum is a special exhibition platform, displaying Soviet weapons and equipment during World War II.
Russian Social Democratic Labor Party's First Congress Former Site Museum
Located at 3 1a, Skorina Street, downtown Minsk. 1898, 1-3 On March 3rd, in a house atNo. Zaharijev Street 133 in Minsk, nine representatives from various Marxist groups in Russia secretly held the first congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (the predecessor of the Soviet Union's * * * Production Party), and passed the resolution to establish the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. This meeting marks a new historical stage of the Russian proletarian struggle. 1923, the site was designated as a national cultural relic. 194 1 After the German invasion, the stadium was burned down. 1948 Rebuild the large museum of Russian Social Democratic Labor Party in the former site. Then moved to the present address. 1February 1992 The museum was handed over to the Ministry of Culture of Belarus for management and became a branch of the National Museum of History and Culture of Belarus.
Tear island
Located by the river Svsloch outside the old city of Troitz in Minsk, it is a building complex to commemorate more than 800 Belarusian soldiers killed and missing when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. In the center of the island stands a memorial to the fallen soldiers. During the construction process, the mothers of the dead soldiers named the island "Island of Sorrow and Tears", later referred to as "Island of Tears".
heiliggeistkirche heidelberg
An important activity center of Minsk Orthodox Church, which was founded in 1633 and completed in 1642, belongs to baroque architectural style. It was originally the main church of a Catholic convent. 1860, the church was converted into an orthodox church. 1870, the church opened the friar monastery. 19 18 The monastery was closed, and worship activities in the Cathedral of the Holy Ghost were also banned. The church became a training ground for the fire brigade and later became an archives. 1943, the church began to resume orthodox worship activities, and its monastery was also restored. 1947, the orthodox cross was placed at the top of the church. In the first half of 1950s, the interior of the church was renovated. From the late 1970s to the early 1980s, the church was renovated for the last time, and it has been preserved to this day. Some religious treasures are enshrined in churches, such as the icon of the Virgin in Minsk.
Harding German Fascist Holocaust Memorial Hall
Harding was an ordinary village in Baiyi before the Great Patriotic War, with 29 families. 1on March 2, 943, German fascists broke into the village in the name of searching for white guerrillas and killed all 149 people (including 75 children). In order to commemorate Ha Ding Cun and other Belarusian villages destroyed by fascism, a memorial architectural sculpture group was established in the former Ha Ding Cun on May 7th, 1969. The architectural sculpture group covers an area of 50 hectares, restoring the original appearance of the old Ha Ding Cun. This bronze statue named "The Unyielding Man" is located in the center of the building complex, next to which are neatly arranged granite slabs. There is also a cemetery for the victims in the complex. The words left by the deceased to the living are engraved on the white marble in the cemetery: kind people, please remember that we love life, our motherland and our dear ones. We were burned alive. We ask you: turn grief into courage and strength, for the permanent peace and tranquility of this world, and for no one will be burned to death at any time and place. The other side of the stone tablet is engraved with the answer of the living to the dead: You are our relative. People bow their heads sadly in front of you. In the dark days of disaster, you accepted death instead of giving in to fascist murderers. But your love for your motherland will last forever. People will miss you as long as the earth and the sun.
Beloved National Forest Park
. It is the largest plain forest in Europe and is listed as one of 80 human heritages by UNESCO. There are many kinds of plants and animals in the beautiful forest area, many of which are rare in the world. Summer is a tourist and holiday resort. The bison in the forest is the largest animal in Europe and rare in the world. It is 2 meters high, weighs 1000 kg and has a life span of 25-30 years. 19 14 has as many as 700 heads, which were hunted during the First World War. 1946 introduced 5 heads of breeding from Poland, and now there are more than 300 heads. In 1950s, Viskuli, a village in the center of Forest Park, was built as the official residence of the former Soviet leader. 19911On February 8th, Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian leaders Yeltsin, kravchuk and Shushkevich signed the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States, declaring that the Soviet Union no longer exists.
belarusian state university
Founded in June 192 1, it is one of the largest and most prestigious schools in Belarus. It consists of physics department, semiconductor physics and electronics department, mechanical mathematics department, applied mathematics and information department, biology department, chemistry department, geography department, language department, law department, history department, philosophy and economics department, journalism department, international relations department, preparatory department, foreign preparatory department, university teacher training department, management and information technology department, computer and programming training department, technology management department, affiliated middle school and applied physics research institute. The school * * * has 83 majors, 125 teaching and research groups, students 144 1 teachers, including 2 doctors or professors11and 935 associate professors.
Fort Brest, the fortress of war
1830 was built on the basis of the old town of Brest, which started as temporary work, and 1833- 1842 was converted into permanent fortifications. The fortress is located on four small islands divided by tributaries and rivers of Mujavitz River and Buge River, and consists of central fortifications and three bridgehead. The central fortification is closed in a ring, and the brick wall is 2 meters thick. After the first world war, two more forts were built outside the fortress, and the fortress became stronger. Only a few relics have been preserved in this fortress. 1965438+On March 3, 2008, Soviet Russia signed the famous Brest Peace Treaty with Germany and its allies in the fortress, which won valuable breathing space for the new Soviet regime. 194 1 On June 22nd, 2008, German fascist troops began to attack the Soviet Union. The Soviet troops stationed in Brest fortress fought bloody battles for more than a month, which wrote an epic page in the history of the Great Patriotic War. 1965, the fortress was awarded the title of hero fortress. At present, there is a history museum on the fortress site for tourists to visit.
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