(Volume I)

Zhu Ziqing's famous prose "Qinhuai River under the shadow of oars and lights" (completed in June 1923 and June 1 1) was included in his first prose collection "Trace" (Shanghai Yadong Library, 1924 edition). This beautiful article, together with Yu Pingbo's works on the same topic, was first published in No.21volume (1924 65438+October 25) of Oriental Magazine, with Zhu Wenlie as the first and Yu Wenlie as the second, with a postscript at the end.

This article rested for half a year, and the Japanese side met with you so late; Because I have an appointment with Pei Xianjun, I will wait until his manuscript comes out. The deeds recorded in the two articles seem a bit complicated, but they are not historical events. I don't think readers will mind. As for putting his essays in the first place, it is also my opinion that they are out of order: because his essays are more accurate and practical, we should let them meet the readers first.

1924 1 1

Yu Pingbo included his Qinhuai River in Zazi (Ming Kai Bookstore Edition, August 2009 1928), and later generations selected it into Selected Essays of Yu Pingbo (Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House Edition, April 2009 1983) and Kuyu Zhai Wen Cong Yu Pingbo Volume (Liaoning People's Publishing House, But this brief postscript is actually very meaningful:

First, this postscript specifically points out that Zhu Ziqing's writing is meticulous, and a short essay has been grinded for a long time. If you write slowly, you will naturally write less. This matter is worth pondering.

Secondly, Zhu Ziqing's "meticulous and practical" approach to this article is quite different from Yu Wen's freehand brushwork, and Yu Pingbo's poetic temperament seems to be heavier.

Thirdly, since prose is one of literary creations, it will inevitably be fictional. Zhu Yu and his wife traveled the Qinhuai River together, but they wrote "slightly complicated", which means there are quite similarities and differences, which is the source.

Fourth, Zhu and Yu have a deep friendship, and Mr. Yu is very modest, and there is no general habit of "scholars despise each other."

To compile the complete works of modern writers, it is necessary to collect all kinds of singles published before, and it is best to consult the relevant newspapers and periodicals that originally published articles and make detailed records; If there are comments and postscript, it is urgent to record them in an appropriate way in order to provide more information and give readers more convenience.

A Corner of Life (Volume III)

Zhu Ziqing's most famous articles are naturally his exquisite lyric prose, such as "The Back" and "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond". In fact, he is also very good at discussing. His collection of essays, A Corner of Life, is mainly about discussion, which is equally popular, but rarely known to readers.

Of course, it's no wonder that this book was planned by Zhu Ziqing, and it was not finished at last. From the 1920s to the 1940s, he wrote eight articles intermittently. It was not until the spring of 1948 that he co-edited China's Shadow and Others with ten other essays in languages, which were divided into two series, the first one was China's Shadow, and the last one was This Corner of Life.

"A corner of life" is a good topic. Who doesn't stay in the corner? But Zhu Ziqing's modesty is not here. He said, "I just stood in the corner and looked at life coldly, never reaching the center of life." He also recalled that there was always a "playful flavor" in his early works, suggesting that he was too small if he was not in the center. His exposition was leisurely, gentle and sincere, and was swept away by impetuous and sharp spirit. For example, the second article "On Yourself" says that individuals should strive to broaden their horizons. For example, talking about home, such as heart-to-heart. The article "On Youth" criticized the unhealthy tendencies among young people at that time:

All their energy may only be used for their own material reform and progress in the end, so they are arrogant and extravagant, and they are beneficial and meaningless. There is no shortage of such people in middle age, and the efficiency can't keep up with young people. Short-sighted people still have a way, that is, self-sufficiency, muddling along; Or take a step back, be a little negative when encountering things, and deal with them carelessly, not seriously at all. There are enough of these two kinds in middle age, but I have this habit since I was young, and it is even more creepy when I am old.

This is naturally a criticism of the young people of that era (this article was written in 1944), but it is better to pour a pot of cold water on their backs, which makes people suddenly surprised and moved.

Classic Conversation (Volume VI)

Classic Talk, originally written by Zhu Ziqing for the classic training of secondary school or above, "includes group classics, pre-Qin philosophers, some historical books and some collections", which is a brief introduction to four important books of classics and historical subsets. Confucian classics used to be the main object of academic research, and Confucian classics have long been at the center of ideology. At present, people don't have much time to read classics. Instead of reading highly specialized classics and history, it is better to read this book "Chang Tan" in simple terms.

It is very wise for Zhu Ziqing to use the dichotomy of ci-fu, poetry and prose in Book of Collection Department. Ci and Fu used to be the main body of literature, and Chu Ci and Han Fu had great influence. The creation of ci and fu almost ran through the whole feudal era, but the clues were not clear. He has a good overview in this book, which deserves attention. About famous writers, the introduction of this book is also very important, such as Lu You and Zhu Ziqing wrote:

Lu You is a patriotic poet. Wu Zhizhen's Notes on Song Poetry says that you can learn from Du Fu and win people's hearts. There are two kinds of his poems: one is grateful, gloomy and profound, and the other is touching, fresh and revealing. He pays more attention to truth than "algae painting" in his poems. As the saying goes, "articles are natural, and skillful hands are occasionally obtained." He lived to be eighty-five years old and wrote ten thousand poems. He is most familiar with metrical poems, especially with seven-character metrical poems. -The seven-character method in the Song Dynasty is more progressive than that in the Tang Dynasty.

This can capture the essence of Lu You better than many long speeches.

There used to be three kinds of books in Classic Quotations: those published by Chongqing Wenguang Bookstore in the 1940s, those published by Sanlian Bookstore in the 1980s (published many times since then) and those included in Zhu Ziqing's Essays on Classical Literature (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House). The easiest thing to start with now is probably the complete works. Mr. Ye Shengtao once prefaced the triple singles classic and analyzed the advantages of Zhu Ziqing's book, which was in place. This preface, the Complete Works, is also included as an appendix.

Diary (Volumes 9 and 10)

Diaries of modern intellectuals are always interesting to read. Zhu Ziqing's diary covers the period from1July 1924 to1August 1948. There are some flaws in it, but there are still 700 thousand words. In addition to Chinese, there are quite a few phonetic symbols in English, Japanese and Chinese in Teacher Zhu's diary, all of which are translated into Chinese, which is very easy to read.

The content here is extremely rich. 1933 February 10 Diary He went to yenching university to listen to pelliot's lecture "Western Painters in China" and listed the six points mentioned by Bo, all of which are important historical sites in the history of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. For example, the Bo family said, "Lang Shining's paintings are the most impressive, but they are not as good as those in his early years when he was young. Emperor Gaozong often asked his son to paint according to his will, and the western painting style has been used up. " Another example is1February 29, 944's diary: "In the evening, I listened to Zhisheng's talk about romance, which started with the romance of Jin people and finally ended with Song Confucianism. The conditions of romantic love are mysterious heart, wonderful return and deep feelings. It is very Wei Jie's feeling of' falling leaves to the roots'. " Feng Youlan outsmarted him. His article "On Love" was later published in the third issue of the ninth volume of Philosophical Review. It said that love includes four aspects: mysterious mind, insight, wonderful appreciation and deep affection. The word "Ye" in "Boundless to Ye" is regarded as "this", while "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yu Yan": "Wei Xima wanted to cross the river at first, and his words left and right clouds:' Seeing this boundless, I don't feel mixed feelings. If it is affectionate, who can send this? " "

There are several interesting records about Qian Zhongshu in the diary 1934. At that time, Qian had just graduated from Tsinghua University (summer of 1933) and soon became a teacher at the private Guanghua University in Shanghai. And his fiancee (Jiang Shi) was still a graduate student in Tsinghua. 1934 In the spring, he went to Beijing to see her, so he was able to enter Zhu Ziqing's field of vision.

Zhu Ziqing's Diary1April 6, 934: "On a rainy night, the monks made an appointment with Zhang, Zhong Shujun and Zhang. There must be books in Chinese books, so I can't help but lose my book bag and enjoy myself. " Wu Mi (Rain Monk) is the teacher who appreciates Qian Zhongshu the most and specially invites him to dinner. Zhang Yinlin (Su Chi) is one of the most famous students in Tsinghua. He has a wide range of knowledge and sharp articles. At this time, he had just returned from studying in the United States, and he was teaching in the departments of history and philosophy in Tsinghua University. He was also invited. In Tsinghua's high flyers, Zhang and Qian are equally famous, and were once called "Northern Show and Southern Ability". Later, Zhang Yinlin, who was less than 40 years old, died in Zunyi Zhejiang University on June 1942, and Qian Zhongshu wrote poems to mourn. There is a saying that "Wu Xianzhai knew his son at the first meal" ("Huaijushi Village Hurts Zhang Yinlin"), but this party is the beginning of their engagement.

"Zhang Jikang" is Yang Jikang's mistake. It is likely that Zhu Ziqing's complete works were misplaced, not Zhu Ziqing's clerical error. When I was in Tsinghua, I took Zhu's "Thesis Writing" course, and one of her homework "Collecting Footprints" was praised by Zhu and recommended to be published in the newspaper. Later, Jiang Yang compiled this article into Miscellaneous Memories and Essays (Huacheng Publishing House, 1992 edition), and there was a postscript saying: "This is my first class paper in Teacher Zhu's class. Mr. Zhu praised it and gave it to Ta Kung Pao Literary Supplement, which became my first published text. Leave a feeling. " Zhu Ziqing can't make a mistake about such students' surnames. "Zhongshujun" was the pen name that Qian Zhongshu often used at that time.

Such a five-person dinner has a luxurious lineup, and Zhu Ziqing only recorded his impression of Qian Zhongshu. "What you said must be true, but you can't help losing your schoolbag, but you are complacent"-Qian Zhongshu has maintained this style all his life, and people can easily get the same impression when reading his works. At that time, Qian had not written his masterpiece.

Diary on April 8: "I read Gong Chao's From Impression to Evaluation, which is very clear. Qian Zhongshu's essay "On Dongpo Fu" discusses that the spirit of the Song Dynasty lies in reason and criticism, and it is good, while Yu also has many common words, unlike his "On China Poetry". " According to "On Dongpo Fu", it refers to the literary background and poems of his English paper Su Dongpo. Qian Zhongshu has written several articles in foreign languages, which are relatively unknown.

June 19 Diary: "When talking to Jiang (Meng Lin) about Qian Zhongshu at night, I never speak freely, and it is always inappropriate to speak too slowly. After Gong Chao, he also made a speech on money, which was invalid. Don't hire new people to build a school. " What is said here is that several teachers in Qian Zhongshu wanted to ask him to go back to Tsinghua to teach, but this matter was not approved by the school authorities. Several biographies of Qian Zhongshu I have read have not touched on this matter, but Zhu's diary provides important clues for this.

Diary of 654381October 20th: "When Guo Shaoyu visited, he showed me a short article in which he answered Qian Zhongshu's criticism, which was quite touching. I deleted some hurtful words. It should be noted that money is biased when choosing examples of criticism, which more or less misinterprets the author's original intention. " According to Qian Zhongshu's criticism, On Retro was published in Tianjin Ta Kung Pao Literary Supplement on June 5438+0934+ 10/7, with the signature of Zhong Shujun. Guo's reply to his prose "Talking about Retro" was published in the same supplement on June 24th/kloc-0. The article "On Retro" criticizes Guo Shaoyu's newly published History of China Literary Criticism, focusing on the analysis that retro in the history of China literature is often an innovation, which is "to tear down one ancient and develop another". Mr. Qian further pointed out that "if a brand-new idea or style is introduced regardless of national conservatism and historical continuity, this innovation will not be very successful." This is not just a literary study, but an insight.

What is more significant in the diary is that Zhu Ziqing recorded his writing. For example, from February 5, 1944 to February 3, 1944, there were records about writing Chronicle of Xie Lingyun, Biography of Xie Lingyun and Family Tree of Xie in the Southern Dynasties, but these documents did not seem to be published and the complete works were not collected. The record in the diary is actually a search for Zhu Xi. This kind of record is still there, which deserves attention.

The fly in the ointment is that the complete diary has been abridged. In addition to those "some records that are really personal privacy", there are also some words that need not be deleted. For example, 1949 Yao Yao manuscript "Selected Diaries of Zhu Ziqing" has already entered some contents, which are really important materials for research, and there is no need to delete them.