From 65438 to 0980, the research group of Hunan Medical College in China published the first extraction of ancient DNA from the costal cartilage of a female corpse found in Mawangdui Han Dynasty, but it was not sequenced.

Second,

The State Key Laboratory of Modern Anthropology of Fudan University, Ministry of Education, established a special DNA laboratory of ancient human bones in May 2003. It collected ancient human skeleton samples from about 46 regions in different historical periods (hundreds to 65,438+0,000 years) and established a database of ancient human skeleton samples (teeth, limb bone fragments, etc.). ), and plans to establish a database of ancient human skeleton DNA data. At present, it has been carried out in Xinjiang Hami Wubao (3,200 ~ 2,900 BP), Xinjiang Qiemojiawa Airike (2,750 ~ 2100 BP), Yumen Huoshaogou in Gansu (3600 BP) and Shangsunjiazhai in Datong, Qinghai (3300BP, 1800 BP). Joo Won? in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province (365,438+000 ~ 2,800 bp), the Labor Tomb of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang (2200BP), Xiangfen Taosi Temple in Shanxi Province (4,500 ~ 4500 ~ 4000BP) and Linzi in Shandong Province (2,800 ~ 65,438+0,800 bp).

Third,

Up to now, we have taken DNA samples from 120 populations of all ethnic groups and their main branches in China. Through the detection of12,000 people, it is found that there is a mutation site M 168g in nearly 10,000 male samples covering all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, which originated in Africa about 79,000 years ago. All this proves that China people originated from Africa.

Fourth,

Yan Pengrong, a graduate of School of Life Sciences, Fudan University in 2005, studied hanging coffins of the Three Gorges. However, due to the humid air and changeable climate in the Yangtze River basin, the effective information that can be "said" in ancient DNA was almost destroyed. It took Yan Pengrong more than two months to extract two DNA sequences from 16 samples. The probability of extracting ancient DNA is very small, and these two small "passwords" are the biggest "rewards" for his hard work for many days. Stimulated by them, Yan Pengrong extracted the DNA sequence from the remaining ancient bones for half a year, and finally obtained seven codes, which solved the mystery of "hanging coffin". Finally, he found that the information in the gene sequence of the ancient hanging coffin man is very similar to the characteristics of Dongtai people and South Island people, and the latter was formed by the migration and integration of a bag of ancient Baiyue people from Guangdong and Fujian.

Five,

The Sino-Danish Genome Joint Center, jointly established by shenzhen huada gene research institute, China and the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, recently completed the in-depth sequencing and interpretation of the world's first ancient human genome. The ancient human sample in this paper comes from a human group named Saqqaq, which lived in Greenland near the North Pole of the Earth about 4750-2500 years ago and then became extinct. A few years ago, scientists found a hair sample of an ancient Saka who lived about 4000 years ago from the permafrost in Greenland, and then carried out various research work. In 2009, researchers in China and Denmark successfully extracted nuclear DNA fragments from this hair sample and determined them. After painstaking assembly and sequence analysis, it is proved that the genetic information of the ancient Saka people from Greenland is closer to the modern East Asian and Siberian populations than the recognized Native Americans (mainly Indians and Inuit, both yellow people). This study proves with powerful data that a group of earlier yellow people migrated to America through Siberia before the modern native Americans migrated to America, which provides fundamental evidence for this important issue in the history of human evolution. Very interestingly, through careful analysis of its genome sequence, scientists concluded that this 4000-year-old hominid should have type A blood, brown eyes, thick black hair and dry earwax, which are common in Asians, and it is very likely that he is a bald man.

I don't know if it's ok, that's what I wrote