The first is a questionnaire survey. Questionnaire survey is the most commonly used data collection method, because its cost is relatively low and the information obtained will be more comprehensive. However, the answers obtained from questionnaires are usually not targeted, that is to say, the data collected from questionnaires need to be further analyzed. Moreover, in the past, the promotion time of questionnaire survey would be slower because it was very labor-intensive. But now there are many questionnaire websites on the Internet, and it will be more convenient and quick to collect data through questionnaire websites. Therefore, the operation of questionnaire survey is simple, but the disadvantage is that the data is not targeted and deep data cannot be obtained.
The second is to obtain information. Consulting data is the oldest method to collect data. You can get the data you want by consulting books, records and other materials. In this data collection process, it is inherently screening and analytical, that is to say, the data obtained by consulting the materials may be relatively closer to the results you want. Nowadays, it is very convenient to search in the library or online, which provides a good environment for consulting materials. The disadvantage of consulting data is that it requires high operators, and now the data is complex and requires high judgment.
The third is field investigation. A field trip is to go to a designated place to do research. Refers to an intuitive, partial and detailed investigation in order to understand the truth and development process of a thing. In the process of investigation, we should analyze the observed phenomena at any time and try our best to grasp the characteristics of the investigated objects. This way of collecting data is time-consuming and laborious, and it also needs everyone's cooperation. The advantage of this collection method is that you can get first-hand information at the first time, but the disadvantage is that you may not be able to achieve the purpose you want, because there are also many variables in the investigation process.
The fourth is the experiment. Experimental design data is the most time-consuming of the four methods, because it obtains a unified direction through various experiments, that is, there may be countless failures in this process. But the data obtained from the experiment is the most accurate, which may promote the progress of an industry. Therefore, the advantage of collecting data in the experiment is the high accuracy of the data, but the disadvantage is that it is very unknown, and both the experimental period and the experimental results are uncertain.
With the development of science and technology and the arrival of the era of big data, it is getting easier and easier to collect data, and everyone should pay more attention to the protection and utilization of data.