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How to observe the composition of primary school students?
Composition teaching has always been the focus and difficulty of Chinese teaching in primary schools. The level of composition reflects students' comprehensive Chinese ability, and many teachers have a headache when guiding primary school students to write compositions. The following are some of my experiences in guiding primary school students to write compositions for teachers to criticize and correct: 1. Accumulating writing materials for reading can enrich students' vocabulary, trigger students' thinking norms and provide students with imitation examples. In order to improve students' writing ability, I pay attention to the following work: for students in agricultural and pastoral areas, in the process of borrowing books, they not only increase the opportunities for extracurricular reading, but also accumulate some beautiful sentences bit by bit in the process of reading; 2. Ask students to read through their spare time every day as a document, prepare an excerpt, extract good words and sentences from the text, and give them a nice name, and arrange a class every week for students to recommend good words and sentences to everyone in class; 3. Seriously teach the weekly reading instruction class. I'll print the good article for you first, and then read and analyze it with you. When I meet a good paragraph, I will also read and recite it with the students. 4. Make good use of our textbooks. The articles in primary school textbooks are rich in genres and forms, and each lesson has good words and sentences. Teachers should guide students to understand these words in class, copy their favorite words or sentences in the "accumulation book", review them frequently and learn to use them, so as to achieve the purpose of accumulation. Over time, students not only improved their interest in reading, but also absorbed the nutrition of writing. Students internalize these nutrients and apply them to their own exercises consciously or unconsciously, so that the level of practice will be higher and higher and the quality of practice will be better and better. Second, reduce the difficulty of homework and cultivate students' interest. A psychologist believes that "all intellectual methods depend on interest." If students want to write a good composition, teachers must stimulate their enthusiasm and interest in writing. In the textbook of the first volume of Grade Three, * * * has arranged ten exercises, each of which has requirements, but some content requirements are divorced from the students' real life, and some writing requirements are far from the students' actual level. If you copy the textbooks mechanically, students will not only fail to write good articles, but also become less and less interested in writing, so I have reduced the difficulty of writing in practical teaching. For example, in the eighth exercise of the third grade Chinese textbook last semester, it was required to write what was the most unforgettable thing during the Spring Festival last year, and the story should be written in detail. Some students feel embarrassed when they get the composition questions. At this time, I reduced the difficulty of practice and asked them to write something that made them most unforgettable. I also promised in class that I would only write things clearly. The difficulty is reduced. As long as students meet the basic requirements and get high marks, their interest will naturally come up. Third, pay attention to the things around you. The countryside is a vast world. Teachers shouldn't confine students to small classrooms, isolated from the world. They should be allowed to go out of campus, get in touch with nature and experience it for themselves. I remember once, I assigned an essay "My Favorite Plant". Before class, I ask students to carefully observe the color, shape, growth, dynamics and static state of plants, and at the same time, they can taste and smell plants to arouse their taste and smell, so as to fully understand their characteristics. The students spoke enthusiastically in class the next day, and some said that the receptacle of morning glory was sweet and the petals were bitter; Some say that the mucus in the middle of scallion is like snot, but it tastes very spicy; Others stayed up all night, observing the changes of plants at night. He said that the petals of morning glory closed slowly at night and spread quietly at dawn. The students all published their own observations, and I instructed them to write details, so the students wrote very well that time. The same is true of writing about people, landscapes and animals. Observation is the basis of writing, and careful observation is a necessary condition for writing a good article. When our class wrote the article "Spring", I led the children to observe nature in the wild. That day, there were white clouds in the sky and grass on the ground. Spring breeze is soft, and spring is strong. "Vibrant, colorful, full of spring, full of spring ..." Jumped out of the children's mouths, and the composition class was very successful. As educator Suhomlinski said, "Give your child a free imagination and he will paint an unexpected world for you." Fourth, expand the position of writing and let more opportunities to practice writing. It is far from enough to practice eight compositions in one semester. Only by increasing the amount of training and increasing the opportunities to practice writing can students' writing level be gradually improved. I have created the following exercise positions in my class: 1, Zhou Ji. Students are required to write a diary every week and give it to the teacher, who will read and comment on the best. 2. Set up a "class masterpiece appreciation column" on the class wall, and post students' masterpieces with comments from time to time for all teachers and students to enjoy. Especially for students whose writing level is not ideal, once an exercise is selected, I will immediately publicize and praise it. After a long time, many students volunteered to post their most satisfactory works. 5. A good composition instruction course must start with the content, first solve the problem of what to write, open up the mind, and let everyone find what they want to write and what they want to write. At this time, the guidance of the teacher is very important. Talking about writing or using model essays and examples to clear the way can easily bind students. Let go at the beginning, so that students feel that they have a lot to write. Teachers guide students to choose the most interesting, beneficial and familiar content to write. Just like a toddler walking on his own, "although he supports carefully, he never forgets to let go." As for how to write, it can be infiltrated in the process of opening your mind and choosing the content to be written, and guided in the process of writing and exchanging drafts. It is nothing more than whether the purpose of the exercise is clear, whether the content is specific, whether the order is clear, whether the words and expressions are appropriate, and whether the real feelings are expressed. 6. Ask students to tell the truth, write stories and express their true feelings when doing the questions. Composition comes from life, and every little thing and feeling in life is a good composition material. 1, tell the truth, "a truth". A child has his own language, and he will not choose and avoid it from the perspective of adults. Their joy, anger, sadness and joy will be written on paper without disguise: "I have a thorn in my hand and I am crying with pain." "I like potatoes best." From these, you can obviously feel the innocence of children. Don't you think it's killing innocence if you force him to write about how strong he is and change "potato" into "potato"? Therefore, although the language in the text is not beautiful, although there is no rhetorical method in the text, as long as it is true, it is a good article. Encouraging students to write stories is also educating students to be honest. 2, photos, "Every sentence is sincere." Talking to students about their compositions, they all said, "There is really nothing to write." Yes, I didn't find my wallet on the road, I didn't meet a drowning child, I didn't catch up with my grandfather's cart, I didn't meet a blind man crossing the road ... I didn't meet a "meaningful" thing, and I really didn't know what to write. However, in our life, there are not so many earth-shattering events, but some trivial things. A song sings: "Plain" is the truth. Only by writing about ordinary things that happen around you can the composition be flesh and blood. Not only should you write well, but you can also write about some bad phenomena. As long as you don't make trouble with your heart and don't want to ruin anyone, those small fragments in your life: friendship between classmates, contradictions, games between classes, and losing your temper because your requirements are not met … can all be written in your composition. Because it is my own personal experience and personal feelings, I have something to say and write. Although the article is full of innocence and childishness, we realize that we have seen a shining childlike innocence. A group of primary school students forced them to write "earth-shattering, crying ghosts and gods" articles, isn't it a plunder of nature? 3. Express true feelings, "I write my heart by hand." Primary school students are simple, naive and even ignorant. They are often whimsical and reflected in their works. They are often in high spirits because they are praised by teachers, and they also cry because they are misunderstood. These reflect the "feelings" of students, which are faint and pure. This kind of feeling flows naturally between the lines, which is the true feeling of students. Didn't you insist that they "love to death and hate to gnash their teeth"? If these three "truthfulness" are taken as the principles for evaluating primary school students' compositions, then students will never worry about "nothing to say or write" or read "topics" again. This not only solves the problem of students' "what to write", but also narrows the distance between students and composition, making them clearly feel that composition is around and not "inscrutable", thus stimulating their desire for composition, driving away this "heart disease" and this "devil" who should not be the devil, and clearing the way for Chinese learning. Seven, seriously modify the composition to modify the composition in place, organize comments in the class, fully affirm the highlights of students' compositions, and let students enhance the pleasure of writing. In an essay review, a student wrote the following sentence: My brother heard my mother's voice flying out of the room. At first, he wrote: My brother heard his mother's voice and ran out of the house. He said that he changed "running" to "flying" after thinking, which showed his younger brother's cuteness, liveliness and eagerness when he was about to meet his mother. I am really pleased to see that the students use words so accurately. Students have more confidence in writing when they hear my praise. The vivid description comes from the usual accumulation, careful observation of things and the cultivation of China people. For primary school students, it is required to write on the basis of speaking and guide them to write well on the basis of writing. Teachers should encourage students to express their true feelings, whether they use a word correctly or say a sentence accurately. Improving students' writing level should be the eternal pursuit of every Chinese teacher. In the process of composition teaching, we should inherit and carry forward the essence of traditional teaching. At the same time, under the guidance of the advanced concept of new curriculum standards, we should actively explore new methods and new ways of composition training, overcome all kinds of disadvantages existing in current composition teaching, and strive to create a new situation in composition teaching. Practice has proved that interest and accumulation are the key to successful writing. Using appropriate methods and means to stimulate students' writing enthusiasm, cultivate students' writing confidence and fully mobilize students' writing potential will improve students' writing ability.