Beijing 1
Beijing is the capital of our great motherland and a world-famous historical city. As a city, its long cultural history and rich ancient cultural heritage are unmatched by any other city in the world. This big city has experienced an extremely complicated and long process from its initial settlement in the North China Plain, to becoming an important city in the north of China, and finally becoming the political center of the whole country.
Its time is not measured by a hundred years or hundreds of years, but as long as the history of our motherland. From 1 128. Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties all established their capitals here. Left a splendid culture and many places of interest. There are more than 200 cultural relics and historical sites that have been opened, mainly including the Forbidden City, Beihai, the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace, Badaling and the Ming Tombs.
2. Luoyang
Luoyang is a famous historical city in China. It is also one of the six famous ancient capitals in China. Luoyang has a unique geographical position and is the first choice for emperors to build their capitals. Nine dynasties built their capitals here in history, so it is also called "the ancient capital of nine dynasties". Famous cultural relics include Longmen Grottoes, Baima Temple, Luoyang City Site of Han and Wei Dynasties, etc.
Since the Xia Dynasty, the first dynasty in China, thirteen dynasties, including Shang Dynasty, Western Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Wei, Western Jin Dynasty, Northern Wei Dynasty, Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, have established their capitals in Luoyang, with a history of 1500 years. "There is nothing in the world, and there is nothing in the four seas."
More than 65,438+000 emperors pointed out the mountains and rivers here, so it is known as the "Millennium Imperial Capital" and ranks as the four ancient capitals of China along with Xi, Nanjing and Beijing. They are the only city in the history of China with Wu Zetian as its capital, and the only city in the history of China named as the capital of the gods. Heluo culture with Luoyang as the center is the source and core of Chinese national civilization, and the Hutuluo Book, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism were born here.
The Silk Road and the Sui and Tang Grand Canal meet here, and the name of China comes from ancient Luoyang. Peony is famous in the world because of Luoyang, and is praised as "the Millennium Imperial Capital, Peony Flower City" by the world.
3. Nanjing
Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province, has been called Yecheng, Yuecheng, Jinling, Moling, Shangyuan, Shengzhou, Jiangning, Qing Ji, Yingtian and Tianjing in history. Although it has changed its name several times, it is still famous for its long history, splendid culture, magnificent charm and beautiful scenery, and occupies an important position in the history of the development of the Chinese nation. Famous historical and cultural sites include Confucius Temple, Ming Palace, Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and ancient Lingbao Tower.
In 229 AD, Sun Quan, Emperor Wu of the Qing Dynasty, established the capital here and changed Moling to Jianye (changed to Jianye in 282). Since then, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties have successively established their capitals here, so Nanjing is known as the "ancient capital of the Six Dynasties". Today, Nanjing Library retains the ruins of Jiankang City in the Six Dynasties.
During the Six Dynasties, Jiankang City was the largest city in the world at that time, with a population of one million. It is the first city in the world with a population of over one million. Its economy is developed and its culture is prosperous. Jiangnan has preserved the ancient culture of China.
During the Six Dynasties, Nanjing and Rome were called "the two centers of world classical civilization". The culture of the Southern Dynasties, represented by Jiankang, has far-reaching influence in human history, so Nanjing has distinctive features among the "four ancient capitals".
4. Kaifeng
20 1965438+1October 2 1, Shanghai, from that day on (2 1), 2019 Yuyuan Spring Festival folk art lantern festival will be lit. Five p. m.
Kaifeng is the seven dynasties, and there are many places of interest. In 364 BC, Wei Huiwang moved its capital from Anyi to Kaifeng, and the history of Kaifeng as the capital began. During the Five Dynasties, Hou Liang, Houjin, Houhan and Houzhou all established their capitals here successively. Forty years later, in 960 AD, Zhao Kuangyin established the Song Dynasty, with Kaifeng as its capital, which lasted 168 years. Known as Tokyo, Kaifeng became the national political, economic, cultural and military center, which was the heyday in Kaifeng history. Now there is the Daxiong Hall, a famous historical and cultural monument in Kaifeng.
5.xi 'an
Some photos of Xi 'an ~
Xi, the capital of Shaanxi Province, which was called Chang 'an in ancient times, is a famous historical and cultural city in the world and China. In the west, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui and Tang dynasties 13 established their capitals here, which is one of the four ancient capitals in the world. 1 100 For many years, it was once the capital and political, economic and cultural center of China.
Chang 'an has been the imperial capital since ancient times. Xi 'an has a history of more than 5,000 years of civilization, a history of building a city of 3 100 years and a history of building a capital of 165438 years. It is one of the four ancient capitals in China, one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation, and the starting point of the Silk Road. Fenghao Capital, Qin Xianyang Palace, Terracotta Warriors, Han Weiyang Palace, Changle Palace, Sui Daxing City, Tang Daming Palace, Xingqing Palace, etc. Outline the "Chang' an Complex".
6. Hangzhou
Hangzhou, formerly known as Qiantang, is the capital of Zhejiang Province. Qiantang County was abandoned in the ninth year of Sui Dynasty, and the name of Hangzhou appeared for the first time in history. In the third year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong crossed the river to Hangzhou and was promoted to the position of Lin 'an Prefecture. In the eighth year of Shaoxing, Lin 'an was officially established as the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, which lasted 140 years.
Hangzhou has a history of more than 2200 years since the establishment of the county government in Qin Dynasty. It was once the capital of Wu Yueguo and the Southern Song Dynasty, and one of the eight ancient capitals of China. Because of its beautiful scenery, it is known as "paradise on earth". Due to the convenience of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and trade ports, as well as its own developed silk and grain industries, Hangzhou was once an important commercial distribution center in history.
Later, relying on the opening of Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway and other railway lines and the promotion of Shanghai's import and export trade, light industry developed rapidly.
There are many cultural relics in Hangzhou, and there are many natural and cultural landscape relics in and around the West Lake. Among them, the unique cultures mainly represented are West Lake culture, Liangzhu culture, silk culture and tea culture, and many stories and legends handed down have become the representatives of Hangzhou culture.
Now Hangzhou has become a national key scenic tourist city with famous historical and cultural sites, including Lingyin Temple, Leifeng Pagoda, Pagoda of Six Harmonies and West Lake.