Qin (born in 1895), national symbol, character, real name, is a person. He compiled and collected 2090 kinds of chronicles. 1982, his children Qin, Qin Zengqi and Qin donated all their genealogy and left materials to Shanghai Library according to their wishes.

Chinese name: Qin

Alias: Qin's title

Nationality: China.

Date of birth: 1895

Date of death:1September 28th, 968.

Occupation: translator, historian

Main achievements: looking up the chronicles of figures in past dynasties and sorting them out by hand.

Representative works: Records of Residual Photos of Manchu Palace and Official Seal Collection of Puppet Manchukuo.

brief introduction

Qin (born in 1895), national symbol, character, real name, is a person. Father Xi Zhi, the glory of the fourth son, suffers from chronic diseases. John was only half a year old when he died, so he was loved by his grandparents. He is smart and eager to learn. He studied in Linsan School and Songjiang No.3 Middle School, and his academic performance is among the best. After graduation, introduced by Huang Yanpei, he became a clerk of Jiangsu Education Society. 19 17 (in 6 years of the Republic of China), he was transferred to the general affairs section of Shanghai China Vocational Education Association as secretary and communication director. 1927 was hired by Huang Boqiao as the secretary chief of Shanghai Public Bureau, and later became the secretary of "Two Roads Bureau" (Beijing-Shanghai, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway Bureau) to manage documents and files. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it moved with the situation.

Chongqing is the Commissioner of the Ministry of Communications. 1in the summer of 939, at the invitation of Yi Shen, former director of Shanghai Public Utilities Bureau, he went to Hong Kong to participate in the compilation of China Economic Construction Materials. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/942, I went to Lanzhou Gansu Water Conservancy, Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry Company as a secretary. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, 1945 served as secretary of Shanghai China Textile Machinery Manufacturing Company, and 1955 retired. 1956 10, employed by Shanghai Municipal People's Committee as a librarian of Shanghai Literature and History Museum. Self-appointed landlord. Age collector. Zheng's book Leaves Scattered in the Translated Forest says: "He left a long time ago, and later he became addicted to music. The so-called leftists collect leftist historical materials; The so-called spectrum addicts collect chronicles of ancient and modern China and foreign countries. " He compiled and collected 2090 kinds of chronicles.

achievement

The research is diligent and rigorous, and the translation and introduction of western academics is mainly practical, and academic research focuses on data foundation. I studied legal English with my brother-in-law, Liu Ren, while working in the Provincial Education Association and China Vocational Education Association. In a few years, he translated The Secret History of Paris Peace Conference and The Secret History of British Navy, and assisted Huang Yanpei in compiling American Middle School and Vocational Education in Europe and America. He also inherited Qin's family studies, paid attention to local anecdotes, and studied literature and history intensively. Throughout his life, he paid attention to collecting and studying the materials of Left-wing in Qing Dynasty, collecting, sorting out and transcribing the chronicles of celebrities in past dynasties, so people at that time were called "Left-wing addiction" and "Spectrum addiction". Influenced by his early return to the west, he was particularly interested in Zuo's patriotic thoughts and achievements in the northwest. Later, I collected relevant information at any time in Hankou, Changsha, Hong Kong and other places. After I arrived in Lanzhou, I collected and explored more deeply. Finally, I wrote about 200,000 words of "Xianggong" in Northwest Wen Zuo with 1944, which was published by Chongqing Commercial Press the following year. Later, it was written into Zuo Quan Zhuan, Zuo Notes and Zuo Anecdotes, which became the pioneering work of studying Zuo in China. It takes time and money to find the chronicles of ancient figures. The original target was 500 species, and later it was changed to 1000 species. After enlightenment, I became the master of thousands of chronicles. After liberation, I enjoyed it. After finishing by myself, I collected more than 2090 species and became a number of chronicler collectors in China. Some booksellers bought it at a high price, but they were unmoved. After their death, their children donated all books, manuscripts and materials to the country according to their wills. Han Cai's works have been re-studied. 1945 has been to Dalian, Changchun twice, and Puppet Manchuria Palace five times. He consulted the catalogue of books, calligraphy and paintings collected by the Puppet Manchuria Palace, looked up Puyi's letters and anecdotes, wrote the Record of the Residual Photos of the Puppet Manchuria Palace and compiled the Puppet Manchuria Official Seal Collection. Based on his long-term experience in secretarial work, he compiled books such as Archives Science Management Law, and helped his uncle Xitian to print the Collection of Qin Clans and the Collection of Hu Xueyan Materials.

He compiled and collected 2090 kinds of chronicles. 1982, his children Qin, Qin Zengqi and Qin donated all their genealogy and left materials to Shanghai Library according to their wishes. His translated works include The Secret History of the Paris Peace Conference, The Secret History of the British Navy, Xianggong in Northwest China, The Biography of Zuo Quan, Zuo Waiji, Full Palace Record, Zuo Anecdote Collection and so on.

Academic career

1922, Qin read Zuo's letters, notes and Chronicle of Zuo at the age of 27, which aroused his interest in Zuo, a historical figure in the late Qing Dynasty. 1935, I read the Collected Works of Zuo, got a better understanding of Zuo's family background and wrote down my own experience. These notes are included in his 1936 prose collection Happy Collection.

Journey of anti-Japanese war

From 65438 to 0937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was in full swing, and Qin started his eight and a half years in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. His journey started in Shanghai and covered eight provinces and cities, including Hangzhou, Nanjing, Nanchang, Hengyang, Changsha, Wuhan, Guilin, Chongqing and Hong Kong. After the Pearl Harbor incident, he returned to Guilin on foot from Hong Kong, then went to Chongqing and Lanzhou, and then went to Beijing, Changchun and Jinzhou after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. When Qin left Shanghai from 1937 to 10, his left and right hands each carried a suitcase, one containing daily necessities and the other containing materials accumulated by Zuo over the years, which was his most precious possessions. During the eight-and-a-half-year journey, Qin experienced many difficulties and obstacles, such as smuggling blockade lines, avoiding enemy bombing, climbing mountains and wading, starving, fighting pests and diseases and so on. However, he took it all in stride. Wherever he went, he took every opportunity to collect information about Zuo, conducted field research and interviews, and miraculously completed two manuscripts about the Zuo family.

A Review of Left Studies

In Changsha (the birthplace of Zuo), Qin visited Zuo's abandoned home for many years at Sima Bridge, lamenting Zuo's ups and downs in life, with mixed comments. Qin felt that few people commented on this famous soldier in the late Qing Dynasty, so he decided to make a biography of him, and initially named it Zuo Pingzhuan. When he was the Commissioner of the Ministry of Communications in Chongqing, the wartime capital, Qin used his spare time to write and complete the first draft of the Review, regardless of the indiscriminate bombing of enemy planes and the heat in midsummer.

During his tenure in Hong Kong

During his two years as Secretary-General of China Economic Construction Association, Qin used all his time to collect the left information, and revised and supplemented the first draft of Pingzhuan. Zhonghua Book Company in Hong Kong has accepted the publication, but the Pacific War broke out, which upset the whole plan. 194165438+On February 7th, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. The next day, Hong Kong was occupied by the Japanese. Qin did not want to stay in Hong Kong and be enslaved by the enemy, nor did he want to return to his hometown in Shanghai occupied by the Japanese army. 1942 One night in February, he sneaked into the Japanese blockade with some friends and came to Foshan, Guangdong. Then, they climbed mountains and waded, overcame difficulties and hardships, endured hunger and cold, and walked all the way to Guilin for two months. Qin wrote in his letter that his strong desire to live and die with his compatriots and to live and die together gave him the strength to overcome all obstacles. Qin also wrote that when he left Hong Kong, he was afraid of losing Zuo's manuscript on his way back to the mainland, so he gave it to A.

My friend took it back to Shanghai. He is very worried about the safety of the manuscript. He wrote in his letter that if Zuo's manuscript was lost or destroyed, he would rewrite it from scratch. It was not until1March 22nd, 946, when Father Xin was waiting for his new appointment in Beijing, that he learned that his "Left" manuscript had been brought back to Shanghai by friends and kept safely in the bank safe. That was five years later.

Collect left information

After Qin arrived in Chongqing via Guilin, he chose to go to Lanzhou, Gansu at several strongholds (mostly in Chongqing). Gansu is remote and economically backward, but it has a special attraction to Qin, because Zuo was a governor there for many years. When he was in office, Zuo Jian established a series of administrative and military systems and institutions, founded the first textile factory in northwest China, introduced western technology, and made great contributions to the development of northwest China. Qin visited the institutions and military camps established by Zuo's family, consulted the historical records of Zuo's reign, studied the inscriptions engraved with Zuo's political achievements, and visited the residents. Although life is hard, Qin's greatest pleasure is to understand Zuo's family situation. During the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek's national government urgently needed to develop the southwest economy for the needs of war. At the suggestion of Mr. Ha, then Vice Minister of Communications, and Mr. Gu Zhenggang, who was in charge of cultural affairs, Qin compiled the family information about Zuo in the northwest into "Northwest Zuo Wen Xiang Gong" (Zuo was named Wen Xiang Gong by the Qing court after his death). The book was published by Chongqing Commercial Press 1945, which promoted the development of southwest China.

Assist in the establishment of Dalian municipal government

1In August, 945, Japan surrendered on five conditions, and Qin accepted the new appointment and went to the northeast of Dalian to help the new mayor establish the Dalian municipal government. On his journey from Chongqing to Dalian via Beijing, Qin was twice blocked in Changchun because the Kuomintang and the Communist Party fought in the northeast. However, Qin was a born scholar. He turned his obstruction in Changchun into an opportunity to study the last emperor Puyi on the spot. Changchun was once the capital of Manchukuo, and it was once the palace of Puyi, the last emperor of China. During the two months when Changchun was blocked (1946 65438+1October 24th to1946 March 2nd1), Qin went to the Puyi Palace five times to collect papers, photos, letters, books and account books scattered on the ground one by one.

Residual photos of the complete palace

1946 On April 26th, Qin returned to Shanghai, ending his eight-and-a-half-year journey and taking over the post of China Textile Machinery Company. After being reunited with his family for just one week, he immediately threw himself into writing. He used his spare time to finish his work on Puyi in two months. Qin wrote in the preface: "I entered the palace five times, all at around three o'clock in the afternoon." Its land is dusty outside the city, snow covers everything, the sound of horses and chariots is sparse, the sound of chickens and dogs is unknown, and it is as lonely as the tomb of the market. At that time, the winter was short, and the bleak setting sun in the west reflected a bleak scenery. These are all symbols of the end of Manchukuo, so this book is also called Full Palace. "The book was published in 1947. After 40 years, it was reprinted by Changsha Yuelu Bookstore. After the book "Full Palace Residual Photos" was written, he devoted himself wholeheartedly to sorting out the left information. He found that the huge data he had accumulated could not be incorporated into a manuscript. Finally, he decided to include these materials in four manuscripts: Zuo Quan Zhuan (77 articles, 800,000 words), Zuo Notes (42 articles, 40,000 words), Zuo Anecdote Collection (17 1 article, 28,000 words) and Zuo Notes.

These four manuscripts were all completed before 1948, which took ten years in Qin dynasty. When the Shanghai Commercial Press prepared to publish Zuo Quan Zhuan, the political climate in China changed greatly, which disrupted the publishing plan. After the establishment of the new regime, Zuo became a controversial figure and was regarded as a reactionary and an executioner to suppress the uprising of ethnic minorities. Finally, Qin had to lock his four manuscripts of Left in a box and put them under the bed.

Qin and Han Dynasties were a visionary. He felt that an intellectual who had served in the Kuomintang government for a long time like him would get into trouble in various political movements under the leadership of the new regime. In addition, he found that hearing loss in his right ear affected his work and decided to retire early. 1955. Another more important reason is that he is keen on the study of chronology. After Zuo became a controversial historical figure, he could no longer do Zuo's research, and his interest turned to the collection and research of chronology. He hopes to devote all his energy to this research after retirement.

works

1, Zuo Yi Ji, Changsha: Yuelu Bookstore 1986.

2. Full Palace Shanghai: The Commercial Press 1928

3. Literature Writing Tan Shanghai: Publishing House.

4. Archives Management Law Guilin: Science Bookstore 1942

5. Wen Zuo Xianggong is in the northwest of Changsha: Yuelu Bookstore 1984.

6. Photos of Qing Palace Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Press 1998.

7. Happy Collection Shanghai: Ordinary Bookstore 1935.

8. The Document of Gansu Water Conservancy, Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry Company was published for thirty years (194 1 year).

comment

Han Cai, the son in Qin's eyes

Father Qin (1895— 1968) is a historian and left-wing expert, and he is the largest collector of chronicles in China. 1September 28th, 968 Thirty-five years after my father's death, I have entered the ranks of eighty-year-old women, but I still often miss my father and cherish the memories of those years I spent with him. Looking back on my life, my academic growth benefited from my father's words and deeds and rigorous academic spirit. On the occasion of the 35th anniversary of my father's death, I condensed the relevant chapters in my family memoir "Heartbeat and Heartache Memories of Sofanenteries" written in English in memory of my beloved father, Mr. Qin.

Mr. Zheng, a critic of modern literature and art in China, wrote in "Fallen Leaves Return to Roots": "Qin was addicted to music early. The so-called leftism is to collect historical materials about leftism. The so-called spectrum addicts collect the chronicles of ancient and modern celebrities. " This sentence sums up my father's academic career.

My father is frugal in life, but he spends a lot of money on chronology. He keeps in touch with the bookstore of ancient books and specializes in collecting chronicles of historical celebrities and families. He also set up 150 contact points at his own expense. He borrowed chronicles from relevant people or families through contact points, which could not be bought in the book market, and then copied them word by word meticulously. My father's earliest goal was to buy 1000 species, and later it was raised to 2000 species. By 1966, my father had collected 2090 kinds of chronicles, became the largest chronicler in China, and won the title of "Millennium Chronicle Landlord".

After my father retired, he had no leisure time, and copied and arranged chronicles all day. In the midsummer heat, he was immersed in reading or writing at his desk, with sweat hanging on his forehead, and the towel under his arm was soaked with sweat when writing. In the cold winter, he carefully mended the fragile pages of chronicles or bound books with wax thread. His fingers were stiff and numb with cold, and he still refused to stop to keep warm. He forgets to eat and sleep day and night, and enjoys it.