The male and female seals in Yang Wen and Wen Yin are exquisite. It is said that Yang Wen has patterns and protrusions, which can be touched normally. However, Wen Yin has no pattern, and generally can't touch anything. But many people in modern times are not clear about this. The following is the understanding of male and female seals.
Male and female seals are concerned 1. According to the font of calligraphy, general running script and cursive script (more lively) are printed by men, while regular script, official script and seal script (more stable) are printed by women. In ancient China, the characters engraved on utensils were called Yang Wen and Yin Wen.
Yang Wen: A raised pattern. By means of die printing, knife carving and pen overlapping, the pattern is made higher than the porcelain plane, which is called Yang Wen. Yang Wen's design can be touched by hand.
The units engaged in seal business as mentioned in these Measures shall meet the following conditions:
(1) Having a fixed business place.
(2) The business premises and facilities conform to the national regulations on fire control and public security management.
(3) The business operators and employees have no record of fraud, fraud, forgery of seals and other illegal and criminal acts.
Measures for the administration of public security of seals (Draft):
Article 1 In order to strengthen the public security management of seals and prevent and crack down on illegal and criminal activities, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Seals of State Administrative Organs, Enterprises and Institutions and the relevant provisions of the state.
Article 2 These Measures shall apply to the seal engraving, filing, alteration, cancellation and other management activities of state power, party and government, judiciary, participating in and discussing state affairs, army, armed police, democratic parties, trade unions, Communist Youth League, women's federations and other organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions, non-governmental organizations registered by civil affairs departments, neighborhood committees and various non-permanent institutions.
Men's and women's seals are masculine and feminine. The characters or images on the seal are concave and convex, and the surrounding is called feminine (also called female characters), and vice versa. However, the ancient name is just the opposite of the present name, because the ancients called the yin-yang script according to the imprint carved on the pipa, and the yin script presented on the pipa is the yang script carved on the pipa; The seal says Yang, and the seal says Yin. Therefore, in order to avoid misunderstanding, Yin language is called Bai language and Yang language is called Zhu language. Some seals are mixed with white and vermilion, which is called "Bai Zhu Wenjian Seal". Generally speaking, most of the ancient seal characters are printed in white, the fonts are elegant and simple, the strokes are vigorous, and the turning point should be done in one go.
Yang Wen: Characters or patterns with raised surfaces. Using die printing, knife engraving, pen overlapping and other methods, concave and convex objects, plane characters and patterns appear.
Inscription: A concave character or design carved on an object or seal. The yin of the seal is also called "Bai Wen".
Source: "The Scholars", the second time: "One side of the book is engraved with the seal of Niu Pu"; One side in Yang Wen, engraved with the word "cloth". "People's Daily 1983,4,19: The words written for me are stamped with the rectangular seal of' Gan Kun Chi' on the right hand side and the white name stamp on the lower left. "
Men and women pay attention to three seals.
As an art category with national historical and cultural characteristics, seal, like a wonderful flower, exudes a unique fragrance in the extensive and profound China art garden, attracting people into this square world.
The artistic function of seal
The seal on calligraphy works is an indispensable part of calligraphy works. Without a seal, it is not a complete calligraphy work.
The seal was originally a token, which played the role of verification. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, due to the emphasis on calligraphy and painting inscriptions, books and seals set each other off, which not only enhanced the color of calligraphy works, enlivened the atmosphere, but also played the role of "icing on the cake", adjusted the focus, made up for the lack of layout, and played a stable and balanced role in the works.
Calligraphy works are signed and sealed to show solemnity and prevent forgery; Covered with elegant and meaningful leisure chapters, you can also pin your ambitions and interests in the book. Therefore, calligraphers have always attached great importance to the use of seals, even their own seal cutting, so that the combination of seals and books has a more beautiful and stronger artistic appeal.
Several common seals
1, name stamp
The name stamp is the signature stamp of the inscription. Some names are linked together, while others are separated. The inscription is stamped with the word "one surname" as positive, and a surname can also be used. The name of the printed paragraph; The word, and then use the name stamp. If money has a surname, you can use a name stamp. If money has no surname or no signature, you should use a name stamp to identify the author.
The ancients used chapters and paid attention to etiquette; Anyone who is humble and young should be honored by books and should use a name seal; Words and seals used between peers; If the elders want to give it to the humble and young, they can use another stamp. On the contrary, it is ridiculous and generous. Zhang Daqian, a modern painter, believes that the shape of the name stamp is "square is the best, round is ok, and the waist is naturally not."
Famous seals are generally divided into Zhu Wen (Yang Wen) and Bai Wen (Yin Wen). When a calligraphy work is stamped with two seals, it is best to have one Zhu and one white, and the two seals are appropriate in size. When multiple chapters are used at the end of a paragraph, the order is that the name chapter comes first, and the words and numbers chapter comes last.
The so-called positive text means that the text protrudes on the stone, while the negative text is the opposite.
2. Leisure articles
Leisure articles are also called layout articles, including introduction articles, border articles, corner articles and waist articles.
The first chapter is a chapter printed in the upper right corner of calligraphy works, also known as "conformal chapter", which is carved out of the shape of stone. Generally, it should not be square, but translucent, rectangular, circular, semi-circular, conformal gourd-shaped, natural and shaw-shaped.
Edge-blocking chapter refers to the chapter covering one side of calligraphy and painting works, which plays the role of edge-blocking and gas gathering.
Corner-pressing chapter refers to the chapter covering the corners of calligraphy works. Take the one in the upper right corner as the "response" and the two corners as the "betting angle". Stop the side chapter and take only one side; Corner sealing can control both sides, and it plays the role of "blocking edges and sealing corners", "supplementing emptiness" and adjusting and stabilizing the picture near the corners.
The waist seal can be used for long paintings and calligraphy works such as banners. If there is only an introduction stamp on the upper right, which looks like a blank in the middle, you can stamp a waist stamp, the content of which is mostly the calligrapher's native place, or you can print it in a Xiao shape with the calligrapher's zodiac. The middle chapter is smaller than the first chapter and the famous chapter at the end of the paragraph, and the three chapters cannot be covered by a straight line.
Step 3 collect seals
Collection identification stamp is a kind of stamp for appreciation collectors. According to records, the seal collection also began in the Tang Dynasty and prevailed after the Song Dynasty. Tang Taizong wrote the word "Zhenguan" with Lian Zhuyin, and Tang Xuanzong wrote the word "Kaiyuan" with Lian Zhuyin, both of which were royal Tibetan calligraphy and painting. Later collections have many names, such as collection, keeping secrets, examination and approval, appreciation and reading.
The seal for collection should be based on the size of the calligraphy and painting to avoid damaging the calligraphy and painting. For the sake of their immortality, some collectors often destroy the map when they stamp it, so be careful.
25 rules of seal
Qián yìn, the seal symbol on China's paintings and books, is the last key step of painting and calligraphy, and it is a unique art in China. Hot stamping began in Su Dongpo in the Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of 1000 years. A painting and calligraphy work can be "icing on the cake" if printed properly, otherwise it will be self-defeating. The following 25 rules should be remembered:
1, calligraphy and painting are sealed, and the seal is no bigger than the word. Of course, it is natural to stamp a big seal and a small seal.
2. Chinese painting is stamped under the lettering, down to the bottom corner, and corner capping is not allowed. For example, the upper right corner and the lower left corner can be stamped with leisure stamps, and the upper left corner and the lower right corner can be stamped. If the above words are printed near the lower corner, there is no need to stamp the leisure stamp.
3. Chinese painting banners are signed, and the left and right corners are not allowed to be stamped. Square leisure stamp can be affixed to the upper right corner, square leisure stamp can be affixed to the upper left corner and square leisure stamp can be affixed to the lower right corner. You don't need to stamp a chapter here to be self-defeating
4. Rectangular, circular and rectangular leisure chapters should not be covered in the position of the corner-pressing leisure chapter in the lower corner.
5, the square leisure chapter can not be covered on the painting and calligraphy, usurping the host's role.
6. Chinese painting is inscribed in a straight line, and the last word of the word line is the same length as the last word of other lines. It can't be neat, and the same is true for stamping.
7. Cover two seals, one square and one round, which cannot be matched. Isomorphic prints can be matched.
8, cover two seals, one big and one small, unparalleled. The same size can be matched.
9. Cover two seals, one rectangular and one oval, which cannot be matched. Isomorphic prints can be matched.
10, stamped with two seals, public seal and female seal, which cannot be matched. The upper yin matches the lower one.
1 1, two seals, not too far or too close, except for one seal.
12. Seal with the same knife method.
13. Inscription is not allowed under the seal. If there is an elbow above and below the seal, the natural phenomenon will be lost.
14, the calligraphy and painting has been signed, and it can't be given to people after payment, which will disrespect people.
15, flower heads, bird tails, branches and hilltops are not allowed to be stamped. This is the painter's basic common sense, which is indispensable.
16. The seals carved by craftsmen should not be used for painting and calligraphy, but the lithographs carved by art seal engravers are the best.
17, the above paragraph can't be stamped casually, it's on people's heads. One is impolite, and the other is to destroy the picture.
18, corner stamp, not too small, rice paper quarto, formula-shaped lithograph, about 3 cm is appropriate.
19. Cover the corner seal. You can't cover more than two sides, one side is just right. The distance between the seal and the edge is about 1 cm.
20. Except in special circumstances, it is not stamped under the inscription, but must be covered around the inscription, separated from the lines and become a painting.
2 1, calligraphy and painting, can not be stamped with a big seal, that is, into a giant seal bomb, destroying the beautiful picture.
22. The name on the painting and calligraphy should not be stamped more than three times, but should be stamped twice or once.
23. Calligraphy and painting can't be stamped at will. It is better to cover less than not properly, and it is best not to cover the seal with bad ink.
24, cover two seals, do not stagger, how to cover the law, the weight of the force, the maintenance of the seal inkpad, everything must be studied with great concentration.
25. The first picture of the quadruplicate calligraphy can be stamped with a small seal on the upper right. You can't cover the rest. If you cover them all, the circulation will be destroyed.