In recent years, more and more women in China have shined on the international stage, especially in the field of health. One of the outstanding women is highly respected, and that is Liu Jiaoshou, President of the World Hypertension Federation.

Liu Jiaoshou, as a woman from China, can become a world leader in the field of hypertension western medicine. This is a great thing, which requires a person to reach a high level in professional knowledge and personality!

Since 1958, Liu Jiaoshou and the older generation of cardiovascular medical workers have started the investigation of hypertension. It has been nearly 50 years now, and he is a veteran figure in hypertension research in China. From her life, we can see the development history of hypertension research since the founding of New China! Liu Jiaoshou 1954 graduated from Peking Union Medical College, and later worked as an attending physician in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Fuwai Hospital. 1980 went to the University of Alabama in Birmingham, USA to do postdoctoral research on cardiovascular diseases, and returned to China in 198 1, and served as vice president, director of internal medicine and professor of Fuwai Hospital.

As early as the end of 1950s, the older generation of medical workers foresaw that with the stability of the country and the improvement of people's living standards, the disease "hypertension" would inevitably increase greatly in China, so in 1959, the "First National Cardiovascular Conference" was held in Xi 'an, and suggestions were put forward to carry out a national hypertension survey. The survey results show that the prevalence rate of hypertension is 5.5%.

Later, with the development of the current situation, Professor Wu Yingkai, Professor He and Professor Gao Runquan from the Academy of Medical Sciences joined forces with Liu Jiaoshou to enroll students. The first batch recruited four people: Wu Su (Vice President anzhen hospital), Yao Chonghua, Wang Haiyan and Lai Shenghan (engaged in statistical research). Since then, China has begun to "train talents in China epidemic in an organized way", and the cardiovascular research team has gradually grown! Liu Jiaoshou said that since 1959, China has started a national survey on hypertension once every ten years. From 1979 to 1980, there were 4 million people doing spot checks in China, and the prevalence rate of hypertension was 7.7%. The prevalence rate of 9 1 census was 1 1.25%. By the census in 2002, the prevalence rate suddenly rose to 18.8%, that is to say, there were1300 million hypertensive patients in China!

And sick people have the following characteristics:

One: The number of people suffering from hypertension in rural areas is gradually catching up with that in cities, indicating that urbanization in China is developing rapidly! At the same time, we also see that the older generation of medical workers are far-sighted and have long been concerned about the research and prevention of hypertension.

Second, the aging population is also an important reason for the rapid rise of hypertensive people.

Three: the incidence is getting younger and younger, especially among people aged 35 to 40, and the incidence rate is rising particularly fast! This is because this group of people have a heavy burden, great pressure, little attention to their health and many bad living habits. Two-thirds of hypertensive patients don't know about the damage of heart, brain and kidney.

Reporter: What are the fatal complications of hypertension? How to effectively prevent these dangerous situations?

Liu: Hypertension has always been called a "silent killer" by the medical community. This is because hypertension usually has no obvious clinical symptoms, especially in the early stage, only a few people will have symptoms such as headache, dizziness and chest tightness, which are not unique to hypertension. However, long-term hypertension will quietly damage the heart, brain, kidney and other important organs until there is a stroke such as cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis; Myocardial infarction, heart failure; Serious complications such as renal failure threaten people's lives. To prevent these fatal complications, the most important thing is to find the risk factors of hypertension as soon as possible and control them within the normal range, that is, 140/90mmhg. However, most patients are careless and do not actively control various risk factors that induce hypertension, so that their blood pressure is "high".

There are still many people who don't know the severity of hypertension, especially farmers. 90% of them don't know about hypertension and know little about its harm. In our country, quite a few people have high blood pressure, do not take medicine and do not control their blood pressure. In patients with hypertension, the drug treatment rate is 28 .2%, while the control rate is only 8. 65438 0%. Basically, two-thirds of hypertensive patients do not take medicine, and 90% of patients have poor blood pressure control!

The two key points to control blood pressure are weight control, non-smoking, low-salt diet and drug treatment.

Reporter: You said that smoking is very important to control blood pressure, but some people don't understand. They retort that some people around them smoke a lot, but they still don't have high blood pressure. What's going on here?

Liu: I once knew a gentleman who said that their director often smoked, but he didn't have high blood pressure. He doesn't believe that smoking can prevent and treat hypertension. However, we must realize that this is only an individual phenomenon, and we cannot talk about the overall situation with an individual phenomenon. The conclusion that smoking causes cardiovascular events is scientifically counted by thousands of people in Qian Qian, so we should believe in science.

The more highly educated people pay attention to health, the healthier they will be and the longer they will live. Those with low education, poor health, long-term smoking, drinking and other bad habits will live shorter lives. Reporter: You have been studying hypertension for so many years. Can you talk about some unique experiences in preventing hypertension?

Liu: First of all, you should know your blood pressure and try to control it within 65,438+0,40/90 mmHg. In case of target organ damage or diabetes, you should control it within 65,438+0,30/80 mmHg. Combined with renal insufficiency, it should also be controlled within 130/80 mmhg. Of course, it would be better if your ideal blood pressure is around 120/80mmhg.

Second, do a good job in health education and pay attention to a healthy lifestyle. Prevention of hypertension is more important than treatment. Health education should start with children, such as educating them not to eat high-calorie junk food to avoid obesity. There will be a new slogan in 2007, which will focus on preventive science.

To sum up, a healthy lifestyle is "less salt, less fat, more exercise, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol and reducing stress, and taking medicine on time according to the doctor's advice".

1, effective weight control. Losing weight and controlling weight are the keys to controlling hypertension!

2. Quit smoking. Quitting smoking is also very important in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Tobacco contains nicotine, which can stimulate the heart, accelerate the heartbeat, contract blood vessels and raise blood pressure.

3. Low-salt diet. Hypertensive patients should consume less than 6 grams of salt a day, about half a spoonful a day, especially those who are sensitive to salt.

4. Limit alcohol. Drinking a lot of alcohol, especially hard liquor, will raise blood pressure. Even if the blood pressure of some patients is not high at that time after drinking, their blood pressure can still be higher than usual in the next few days.

5. Ensure a reasonable diet. Patients with hypertension should limit their fat intake, eat less fat, animal offal, fried food, cakes and sweets, and eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish and low-fat dairy products.

6, moderate exercise. Proper physical exercise can enhance physical fitness, lose weight and maintain normal weight, which is very helpful for patients with hypertension. Walking, jogging, brisk walking, swimming, cycling, gymnastics, Tai Ji Chuan and other activities can be done. Generally, 30 to 60 minutes is appropriate for each activity, and the intensity varies from person to person. Among them, I especially recommend walking, which is simple and effective!

7. Pay attention to psychological factors. Patients with hypertension should pay attention to the combination of work and rest, keep a good mood and avoid being too nervous.

8, if through 3-6 months of non-drug treatment, blood pressure control is good, can continue to maintain. If it doesn't work, you should switch to antihypertensive drugs, and you can't stop taking drugs because you are young or have no obvious symptoms.

Reporter: Among the blood pressure indicators, which is more dangerous to life, high pressure (systolic pressure) or low pressure (diastolic pressure)? What does the greater the pulse pressure difference mean?

Liu: With the development of hypertension research, it is found that the risk of increasing systolic blood pressure is greater and the probability of myocardial infarction is higher! The greater the pulse pressure difference, the more obvious the arteriosclerosis. Reporter: Should I take medicine for a long time once I have high blood pressure?

Liu: We advocate observing several times before drawing a conclusion. Some people have some special things, such as meeting an important person and attending an important occasion. Some young children get nervous during exams. The "hypertension" caused by these conditions is pseudo-hypertension, and the blood pressure will return to normal after the incident. Don't label people with high blood pressure once or twice!

Some mild hypertension can be reduced by controlling weight, low-salt diet, exercise and other healthy lifestyles. If these methods can't be reduced, then take medicine again.

Reporter: Is there any guidance for hypertension medication?

Liu: It depends on the specific situation of the patient. Most mild hypertension can be controlled with only one antihypertensive drug. If one drug cannot be controlled, consider two or more compound drugs; At present, doctors prefer low-dose and fixed compound drugs in clinic, because there are few side effects and little harm to human body, which is also the trend of hypertension medication in the future! Reporter: In your decades of hypertension work, are there any patients who have left a particularly deep impression on you?

Liu: Yes, I remember that just after the Cultural Revolution, we were sent to the Capital Iron and Steel Company to do primary medical work, and several masters left a deep impression on me!

One of them is called Master Zhang, who is a model worker. I don't remember the name of the other one, but I know he is the workshop director. Their blood pressure is so high that even the diastolic blood pressure is 130 to 140mmhg (normally below 90mmhg). Originally, they couldn't be so tired, but they didn't know it at all, and the working conditions were not good at that time. They go to work as usual, and their advanced deeds are played on the loudspeaker of the factory every day. We lived in the factory at that time, just watching them drink on the construction site after work. ...

At that time, I just started to do research on hypertension, and my work was not done well. So before long, they were strong, but they "left" early. This matter is still very sad and regrettable!

There are also several girls with nephrogenic hypertension, all in their teens. Because of renal artery stenosis, kidney atrophy leads to high blood pressure, and some have to remove the atrophied kidney to maintain their lives. One of them is a female college student in Tsinghua University. Her renal artery was narrowed on both sides, which eventually led to renal failure. She died like a flower at a young age, which is pitiful!

There are hundreds of cases of hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis caused by this kind of renal arteritis in Fuwai Hospital of Beijing. This disease is very common in Asian countries and rare in European countries. At present, its treatment is still a world problem! Work is a good medicine.

Liu Jiaoshou is 78 years old, so many roles can do so much work. How does she maintain herself? How can she keep such good energy? Liu Jiaoshou said that for her, work is a good medicine for fitness! Now is an era of knowledge explosion. If you are old, if you do nothing, you will soon fall behind. Instead, do some work and get in touch with colleagues and others, which will make you feel very happy and can be said to be a good medicine for fitness! Liu Jiaoshou's daily life is very regular. Generally, she/kloc-sleeps around 0/0 and gets up around 6: 30 in the morning. I like watching CCTV's "Exploration and Discovery" program and "Century War" program. Because "Exploration and Discovery" satisfied her desire to explore new knowledge, and "War of the Century" tells the history of the First and Second World Wars, the world pattern, the birth of new China and so on. , can affect a person's mentality, help to look at and analyze things, and give people a broader vision.

Liu Jiaoshou also said that some young people now feel that their future is bleak. In fact, as long as they understand the history, they will know that New China is hard-won and can even tolerate some shortcomings.

I asked Liu Jiaoshou if she liked to "praise" some popular TV dramas. Liu Jiaoshou said that she preferred to watch movies about educated youth, such as "Idling away my years" and "There is a snowstorm tonight", because they were flesh and blood and truly reflected the living conditions of educated youth at that time. Liu Jiaoshou became the vice chairman of the World Hypertension Union a few years ago, and recently became the president of the World Hypertension Union, stepping onto the international stage. What is the secret of her success? Liu Jiaoshou said: To do one thing, persistence is victory! Like many older cardiovascular medical workers, she has been working in the field of hypertension for decades. As long as her career choice is correct, she will go forward bravely, and there will definitely be many setbacks in the middle. Nothing in this world will be smooth sailing, retreat when encountering setbacks, and finally accomplish nothing.

Liu Jiaoshou also said, this is actually not the credit of her alone, but the result of everyone's struggle. For example, Professor Feng from Guangdong Cardiovascular Hospital and his colleagues have always maintained cooperative relations with Liu Jiaoshou and provided them with a lot of help. Reporter: Like Chen Fengfuzhen, you stand on the stage of the International Health Organization. What do you think is the most important reason for doing a good job?

Liu: With the development of China, more and more people will stand on the international stage, which is an inevitable trend and the responsibility that China, as a big country, should bear.

To do a good job, I think the most important thing is to have a respectful and tolerant attitude, cooperate with everyone, and rely on the team to succeed!

I remember when I was a child, we wrote a letter to our teacher when we graduated. The teacher wrote: a person's success depends on everyone! I still remember this sentence clearly. People really have to respect each other, because it's not easy for everyone. Only with more tolerance and respect will others be willing to cooperate with you and your career will grow bigger and bigger. This is my feeling.

Reporter: In your career, "ability" and "mentality" are both important, but which one do you think is more important?

Liu: I think there is definitely ability, but a good attitude is more important than ability! There are many capable people, but can he unite many people? No matter how smart and capable a person is, if he can't unite everyone, it is limited after all; If we unite and give full play to everyone's intelligence, it will be infinite! Famous cardiovascular expert, President of the World Hypertension Union, President of the China Hypertension Union, Professor of Internal Medicine of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, and academic leader in the field of hypertension research in China.

Graduated from Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 65438 to 0954, and then worked as a resident, attending physician and associate professor in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Fuwai Hospital. 1980 went to the University of Alabama in Birmingham, USA to do postdoctoral research on cardiovascular diseases, and returned to China in 198 1, and served as vice president, director of internal medicine and professor of Fuwai Hospital.

He used to be a member of the Expert Committee on Cardiovascular Diseases of the World Health Organization, chairman of the China Cardiovascular Society and director of the World Hypertension Union.

He is currently Chairman of the World Hypertension Union, International Researcher of AHA Hypertension Research Committee, Director of the International Hypertension Society, Honorary Chairman of China Cardiovascular Society, Chairman of China Hypertension Union, Co-Chairman of the Executive Committee of Cardiovascular Research in Developing Countries of the World Health Organization, Director of Beijing Hypertension Union Research Institute, and Professor of Fuwai Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences.

1962, Professor Huang Wan put forward the concept of "constrictive arteritis" for the first time in the world, which solved the vague understanding of the disease in the medical field, greatly improved the clinical diagnosis and treatment level of renal vascular hypertension, and won the first prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Health.

Since 1969, large-scale multicenter prospective clinical research has been carried out in China. He is a famous expert in cardiovascular medicine at home and abroad and an academic leader in the field of hypertension research in China.

* * * Published papers: nearly 200 in China and more than 60 in the world, and contributed to the magazine "Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control Knowledge" for many times.

Works: Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Hypertension (won the first prize of national excellent book); Hypertension, participate in the compilation of practical cardiology, modern internal medicine, gerontology, cardiac emergency, treatment of hypertension, large-scale clinical trial research and other works.