Hard and meaningful college life is coming to an end. As we all know, graduates have to pass the final graduation thesis, which is a prepared form to test the achievements of university study. So how to write a graduation thesis is appropriate? The following is the standard format specification of my graduation thesis for reference only. Let's have a look.
The standard format of graduation thesis 1 1. The concept and function of graduation thesis
(A) the concept of graduation thesis
Graduation thesis is a summative academic thesis with certain academic value, which is independently completed by college graduates according to their majors. Graduation thesis is a landmark assignment for college students to complete their studies, a preliminary attempt for college students to engage in professional research, the last important link of higher education teaching in colleges and universities, and a comprehensive review of students' professional knowledge and ability.
Graduation thesis, in fact, also belongs to professional thesis, or rather, graduation thesis is the "primary stage" of professional thesis (except advanced degree thesis).
(B) the role of graduation thesis
Graduation thesis is the intermediary and bridge to end college study life and go to society. Graduation thesis is an exposure of college students' talents, a weighty answer to their alma mater and society, and a register of joining the society. It has different functions from ordinary paper:
1. The comprehensive evaluation of graduation thesis is an important part of college teaching. It is a comprehensive assessment of students, and it is also a good way to find talents as a basis for measuring whether you can graduate.
2. Exercising the writing ability of graduation thesis is the basic ability training for students to write academic papers, and it is the preliminary training for students' ability to engage in scientific research.
Second, the characteristics and types of graduation thesis
(A) the characteristics of graduation thesis
I. Professionalism First of all, the topic of graduation thesis must be within the professional field. The topic selection has certain theoretical or practical significance, and it is a professional problem with its own independent cognition and viewpoint.
2. Theoretical graduation thesis should raise questions, analyze problems and solve problems around a central theme, and its writing process is a rigorous reasoning process, so a graduation thesis, like other professional papers, has its own theoretical system to reveal and reflect the theoretical understanding of the nature and laws of things.
3. The comprehensive graduation thesis is the comprehensive embodiment of the author's professional level and comprehensive quality. It not only reflects the author's professional level, but also comprehensively reflects the author's overall knowledge, thinking ability, creativity, research style, research methods and even writing expression level.
(B) the type of graduation thesis
1. Theoretical model proves known viewpoints and theorems or puts forward some new theories and viewpoints by analyzing, synthesizing, generalizing and abstracting data and using methods such as induction, deduction and analogy.
2. Introduce the experimental equipment, materials, methods and process, discuss and analyze the experimental results, and find out the objective laws.
3. Descriptive Introduce the newly discovered objective things or phenomena with scientific value by descriptive methods.
4. Investigation-based investigation and interview on a problem to understand its history, present situation and development trend, or analyze its causes, harm and significance, and put forward suggestions to solve the problem.
Third, the format of graduation thesis writing
The structure of graduation thesis is basically the same as that of general academic thesis. According to the national standard GB77 13- 1987, graduation thesis generally consists of title, author's signature, abstract, keywords, text, notes and bibliography.
1. The title is an important part of the paper, which is a high summary of the content of the paper. The title of the paper should be accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.
2. The signature is the author's real name. Signature is the embodiment of author's copyright and sense of responsibility.
3. Abstract is an excerpt from the main content of the article, and the full text is accurate and comprehensive. It is used to prompt the basic viewpoints, achievements and significance of the research object and day. With prompt and retrieval functions, it requires short, precise and complete. Dozens of words, no more than 300 words.
4. Keywords are also called subject words. The words selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper are of great significance to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer system to index the content characteristics of papers, which is convenient for information system to collect and its purpose is to facilitate document retrieval. The key words are standard words (subject to the Chinese Thesaurus promulgated by the state, and cannot be selected at will), and each paper generally selects 3 '8 words as key words. The keywords are ranked at the lower left of the "abstract".
5. The text includes introduction, theory and conclusion.
(1) Introduction. Also known as introduction, preface, etc. , used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction generally summarizes the author's intention, explains the purpose and significance of the topic, and points out the writing scope of the paper. The introduction should be short and to the point, and stick to the theme.
(2) this theory. Also known as positivism, it is the main body of the text and the core of the whole paper. This part is usually a direct exposition of the research process, and it is the author's analysis, demonstration and exposition of the research problems. Yingbao
Including arguments, arguments and argumentation process. Its structural form is usually parallel, gradual and procedural.
Comprehensive. This part should use sufficient and powerful materials to explain the point of view, and can accurately grasp the level of content and its internal relations.
(3) conclusion. It is the conclusion of this part's analysis and demonstration, the solution to the problem and the natural extension of this part. Some people don't have a separate conclusion part, but integrate the conclusion into the previous article.
6. Thanks to the units and individuals who helped in the topic selection, experimental process and thesis writing.
7. Annotations are notes and explanations of some problems in the text.
8. Bibliography Bibliography is a list of monographs or articles referred to in the process of researching and writing papers. Its first function is to show respect for the achievements of others; Second, it is convenient for readers to understand this situation and provide clues for readers to study or find literature; The third is to reflect the author's understanding of this subject, the history and present situation of this field, so as to facilitate readers to believe the level of the paper and enhance the credibility of the materials.
The length of graduation thesis is generally about 6000 words, and the number of words in graduation thesis of college students can be slightly less. A good undergraduate thesis can be used as a bachelor's degree thesis.
After the graduation thesis is finalized, it should be bound, and the binding order is: cover, lining, table of contents, abstract, text, references, lining and back cover.
Fourth, the writing requirements of graduation thesis
1. Choosing a new topic To write a good graduation thesis, you must first choose a good topic, which is the most basic premise to determine the success or failure of the thesis. Generally speaking, the topic should not be too big, the content should not be too complicated, and it should be original, which can roughly reflect whether the author has the academic level and ability to analyze and solve a basic problem in this discipline by using the professional knowledge he learned during his college years. It is best to choose some hot topics and blank topics, or old topics and new works, or innovative ideas.
2. Sufficient materials are the basis of forming opinions and the arguments to prove the arguments, so materials are the second key to determine the success or failure of graduation thesis. Therefore, it is necessary to fully collect, possess and utilize relevant information. To achieve "ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, theoretical facts, concrete and fresh, rich and sufficient."
3. The structure is rigorous, and structural methods such as parallel progression, numerical column items, and title order can be adopted to achieve clear hierarchy and rigorous structure.
4. The language should be precise, concise, fluent and easy to understand, and at the same time, it should be rich in literary talent and outstanding in personality, so as to avoid being boring, monotonous and difficult to understand.
5. The format shall conform to the specifications, and relevant elements shall not be omitted.
The second cover of the standard format specification of graduation thesis
Use the unified format of the school, the topic is centered, the left side is aligned with the student number, and the back is underlined neatly. The topic should be highly summarized, concise and easy to read, and the number of words should be less than 20.
Chinese paper title
The title of the paper is bold No.3, centered. There is an empty line below.
chinese abstract
"Abstract:" Head, bold number 4, followed by Song Zixiao number 4, the abstract should briefly explain the content, purpose, experimental methods, main achievements and characteristics of the graduation thesis (design), generally 150-300 words. There is an empty line below.
Chinese keywords
Keywords: "Above, bold number 4, followed by small number 4, usually 3-5 keywords, separated by" and ",the last keyword is not punctuated, and there are two lines below.
English paper title
All English is in the font of "Times New roman", bold and centered. There is an empty line below.
English abstracts and keywords
English abstracts and keywords should have the same format as Chinese abstracts and keywords except font, but "Abstract:" and "Keyword:" should be bold. To translate the content accurately, the vocabulary and grammar of English abstracts must be accurate.
Note: If you teach more, you can put English topics, abstracts and keywords on the next page.
catalogue
The word "directory" is in bold type No.3, centered, with blank lines below.
The first-level title "I" is bold with a small number of four; The second-level title is indented, with a small number of four; Three-level title indentation, small number four, with brackets; The page number is preceded by a continuous dot, which is vertically centered.
If "1", "1, 1", 1, 1 "are adopted, each layer will be indented by half a word.
References are in the form of first-class titles.
main body
The text is Song Ti No.4, and the beginning of each paragraph is blank. In order to meet the writing standard of general academic papers, the number of words in graduation thesis of arts and sciences is generally not less than 6000 words, and the number of words in graduation design of engineering and art majors depends on the professional situation.
The paper should be fluent in writing, accurate in language, clear in level, clear in argument, accurate in argument, complete and rigorous in argument, with independent views and opinions, and be academic, scientific and innovative to some extent.
The content of graduation thesis should be realistic and respect intellectual property rights. Where other people's viewpoints, statistical data or calculation formulas are quoted, there should be a source (citation), and the calculated data should be true, objective and accurate.
title
All headings are left blank, and numerical headings should be written in bold, small four, blank, or "1", "1", "1" and "etc.
To annotate ...
Adopt the academic norms of this discipline, advocate practical footnotes, and indicate the source of all Chinese and foreign materials cited in the paper. Notes in Chinese and foreign languages shall indicate the original author, title, publishing house, publication date and page number of the materials used.
chart
When the chart appears in the text, adjust the line spacing to the desired size, return to the text and adjust the line spacing to 22 points.
refer to
References are listed at the end of the article in the order in which they appear in the text; The text is marked with the words "Quote:" (upper left box); The serial numbers of references are displayed in the upper left box, and the numbers are represented by square brackets, such as [1], [2], [etc., so as to be consistent with the format of serial numbers in the text. According to ISO690 and ISO690-2, each reference item ends with ",". The formats and examples of various reference entries are as follows:
Monographs, papers, papers and reports
[serial number] Principal, document title [document type identification], place of publication: publishing house, year of publication, page number (optional), (country should be added before Chinese translation), for example,
Mi O 'Connor, translated by Wang Yaoxian. Compilation of scientific and technological books and periodicals [M], Beijing: People's Education Press,1982,56-57,
[2] Xin Ximeng, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Information Technology and Information Services: Set A [C], Beijing: China Social Sciences Press, 1994,
Printing and paper
Undergraduate graduation thesis (design) should be printed on A4 paper, with the left margin of 2,775cm, the right margin and the top and bottom margins of 2,5cm, the header and footer of 1, 5cm, the full-text line spacing of 22bp, and the binding line on the left. In the following order, the page number is at the bottom of the page and the fifth is in the middle.
Binding sequence
After the students' defense, all departments should bind the relevant materials and papers in the order of cover, Chinese and English abstracts and keywords, catalogue, text, notes, references, topic selection approval form, topic opening report, mid-term checklist, instructor's comments and defense record form, and store them in the teaching files of the department.
Submit an electronic manuscript of a paper.
The floppy disk of graduation thesis (design) handed in by students must be disinfected!
Graduation thesis (design) should be edited by Microsoft Word, saved as a doc file, and named after the student number. For example, if a student's student number is 0 137023, the file name should be 0 137023, doc. There can only be one file named student number and doc in the disk handed in by each student. Students with double degrees should hand in two papers, one is called student number and doc, and the other is called student number sh and doc, such as 0 137023sh and doc (double degree).
In principle, each student should keep his own paper separately (as the file name), and indicate his student number, name and department on the cover of the floppy disk, and then hand it in. It is not recommended to compress each file in order to squeeze the papers of multiple students into one floppy disk. If the space on the floppy disk is large enough, the papers of multiple students can also be concentrated, but they must not be compressed files. If a student's paper is too big to be compressed, then the compression and decompression software and methods he uses must be recorded in a file named decompress, doc or txt in detail. If the decompression software used is not commonly used, you should attach your own decompression software to the floppy disk.
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