The writing of scientific papers is very different from other styles, and the relevant departments have formulated the standards for writing scientific papers. But many authors don't know much about the requirements of writing scientific papers. In the process of writing papers, they often "write wherever they think", so that the papers written are rejected or revised many times because of poor quality, which not only increases the difficulty of editing but also prolongs the publication cycle of the papers. Although there are many reports in sci-tech periodicals, they are all composed of abstracts, prefaces, experiments, results, discussions and conclusions. Based on years of editing practice, the author summarizes some irregular problems in scientific and technological writing, and puts forward methods to improve the quality of paper writing by using mind mapping, so as to help the author improve his writing level and shorten the publication period of papers.

1. Frequently asked questions in paper writing

Problems in (1) abstract

Content exists independently of the main text, and its main function is to provide convenience for readers' reading and information retrieval. The quality of writing will directly determine whether the paper can be read, quoted and included. The paper should include four elements: research background, research methods, research results and conclusions, which correspond to the preface, experimental part, results, discussion and conclusions of the text respectively. It should be self-evident, and you can get the necessary information from the abstract without reading the full text. The common problem in writing is that the four elements of abstract are incomplete, which are as follows: ① lack of research background, or excessive description of research background; ② Lack of research methods; (3) The experimental results are described directly, and the experimental system and conditions are not clearly given; (4) Lack of specific experimental results and direct statement of conclusions.

(2) Preface.

The preface needs to provide enough research background to make readers understand why this topic is chosen and the innovation and importance of this research, which is an important part of scientific and technological papers, mainly including research background, research status and shortcomings, as well as the research purpose, new viewpoints and main research contents of this paper. Preface writing should come straight to the point and briefly explain the ins and outs of this study to readers. The main problems in preface writing are: ① focusing on what to do and how to do it, but rarely explaining why to do it; (2) The research background is described too much, too far-reaching, and even describes some common sense contents familiar to peers or textbooks; (3) Lack of necessary literature review; (4) The piling up of a large number of cited documents is not problematic and lacks logic; ⑤ Write the detailed research results into the preface.

(3) Problems in the experimental part.

The experiment part is to let readers know what materials, instruments and methods the author used for experiments and test analysis, and should explain the physical characteristics, experimental conditions and test indicators of the experimental materials in detail. The main problems in the writing of the experimental part are as follows: ① The format of the article is a technical report, and the experimental part is missing; (2) Write the experimental part into the results and discussion part; (3) The experimental materials are not clear, some only have functional names without specific brands, and some even give brands, but they are inaccurate and lack a complete definition of important reagents; ④ The experimental conditions are not clear, and the specific steps of the experiment are not clearly described; ⑤ Describe other people's methods or related standards in too much detail, without citing references.

(4) Results and problems discussed.

The results and discussion are the key parts of the paper, and it is required to report the results truthfully. In order to explain the problem comprehensively, the experimental results can be analyzed rationally with charts, tables and other attachments. The common problems in this part are: ① the experimental system and experimental conditions corresponding to the experimental results are not clear; (2) The original data given in the chart is disordered and lacks comparability and persuasiveness; ③ Only the research results are given, or only the superficial analysis of data trends is made, without in-depth theoretical discussion and analysis of the research results; ④ The text analysis is inconsistent with the data in the chart; ⑤ The ordering among the parts is illogical, and the overall structure is scattered, which can't explain the theme well.

(5) Conclusion question

The conclusion is the conclusion of the whole article, indicating the writing purpose of the paper, and clearly answering "what did you study" through this article. Therefore, the conclusion should be based on the experimental phenomena, data, analysis, calculation and deduction in this paper, with emphasis on the principles and laws drawn from the research results; Similarities and differences with previous studies; Problems existing in this technical research; Problems that need further study in this technology; Make important and valuable suggestions. The common problems in this part are as follows: ① simply repeating a short paragraph in the article, without a description of the principle or regularity drawn from the results; (2) only pay attention to what work has been done, lacking the support of concrete results; (3) There are data and opinions that are not in the article; (4) Have a large and broad general statement.

2. Applying mind mapping to improve the quality of paper writing

Mind mapping was founded in 1970s by Tony Buzan, a famous British psychologist and educator. Mind mapping is to store, organize and optimize information (usually on paper) in graphic form and network structure, plus keywords and key images. Mind mapping can be applied to study, work and life. In learning, using mind map can improve our learning efficiency, let us learn new knowledge faster and review and integrate old knowledge; In writing, communication, speech and other work, mind map can stimulate our divergent thinking, integrate all kinds of scattered resources into a complete system, and make our thinking and expression clearer; In life, we can make shopping lists, hold family meetings and make family travel plans. Make our life more convenient by using mind maps.

In scientific research, first of all, we can use mind map to sort out the published literature in this research field and refine the essence of the published literature; On the basis of full investigation, put forward your own opinions and design experiments; Once the experimental scheme is clear, you can also use the mind map to carry out detailed implementation and management of scientific research tasks until you get satisfactory scientific research results, and then you can create scientific research papers.

(Image source: Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions in Scientific Papers Writing, Oilfield Chemistry 20 19.3.25, Vol.36, No.65438 +0)

Scientific papers are one of the main scientific and technological achievements. It is very important to keep a clear mind when writing scientific papers. Introducing mind map (figure 1) in the process of writing scientific papers can help the author to clear his mind. In order to help people use mind maps more efficiently, clarify their working ideas and improve their work efficiency, many companies have developed a series of MindManager, such as XMind, Freemind, MindManager, MindMapper, Baidu Brain Map and so on. These softwares are almost the same to use, and they are simple and easy to use. Authors can register online (such as www.mindline.cn, naotu.baidu.com, www.processon.com, etc.). ) or download mindmanager (such as xmind, mindmaster, etc.). Before writing, the construction of mind map can help us grasp the writing direction and main points of the paper as a whole, so as not to stray from the topic or digress. In figure 1, specific contents are added behind the frame of the mind map for scientific and technological paper writing, and are refined step by step to form the outline of the paper, so that what should be written in each part and how to develop it can be clearly defined, and then the paper writing can be successfully completed.

3. Summary

In view of the nonstandard problems in scientific and technological writing, this paper puts forward some methods for improving the quality of paper writing by using mind mapping. The uniqueness of mind map lies in that it can visualize the hidden thinking process, help us to clear our minds, clear our thoughts and logic, clarify the direction and focus of paper writing, and avoid digression and digression. It can not only be used to shorten the writing time and improve the quality of papers, but also be used in scientific research, study, work and life. The author is advised to accept and use this tool.