High school Chinese reading question and answer template
First, the role of sentences in the text:
1. Foreword: make up a topic/render the atmosphere (prose)/set the stage (narrative prose)/set the suspense (novel)/pave the way/lead out the following.
2. Text: connecting the preceding with the following/summarizing the above.
3. At the end of the article: point out the center (prose)/deepen the theme (narrative)/take care of the beginning (discussion, narrative, novel)
Second, the role of rhetorical devices
1. The function of the sentence itself
2. Combined with sentence context
(1) Metaphor: A figurative rhetorical device is used to describe and express the author's feelings for ….
(2) personification: personification rhetoric is used to endow people with emotion and character to write and express the author's feelings, which is very vivid (or lifelike).
(3) Exaggeration: using exaggerated rhetoric to describe and express the author's feelings has peculiar associations and a rich sense of image.
(4) rhetorical question: rhetorical devices are used to express the author's feelings in rhetorical questions, with stronger tone and stronger thoughts.
(5) Parallelism: Parallelism, a rhetorical device, is used to describe situations, which expresses the author's feelings in a concentrated way, with a lively rhythm and enhanced language momentum.
(6) Duality: Duality is used to describe and express the author's feelings, which is lively and full of musical beauty.
(7) Contrast: Emphasis on prominence
(8) Repetition: strengthen the tone, emphasize
3. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion.
Fourth, expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, suspense, echo before and after, desire to promote first, express meaning by holding things, express feelings by borrowing things, associate, imagine and set off (positive contrast, negative contrast)
5. Rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy and irony.
Six elements of narrative: time, place, people, cause, process and result of events.
Seven, narrative order: chronological, flashback, interpolation.
Eight, description angle: positive description, side description.
Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, psychology and appearance.
X. the angle of describing the scene: vision, hearing, taste and touch.
XI。 Methods of describing scenery: the combination of dynamic and static (writing static by moving), the combination of generalization and concrete, from far to near (or from near to far).
12. Description (or lyric) methods: positive (also called direct) and negative (also called indirect).
Thirteen. Narrative mode: general narrative and detailed description.
Fourteen Interpretation order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order.
15. Interpretation: examples, figures, analogy, comparison, definition, classification, explanation, imitation and quotation.
Sixteen, the plot of the novel is divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending.
Seventeen, the three elements of the novel: the characters, the plot and the environment.
Eighteen, environmental description is divided into: natural environment and social environment.
Nineteen, three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation.
20. Arguments are divided into factual arguments and rational arguments.
2 1. Argumentation methods: example (or fact) argument, reason argument (sometimes called quotation argument), contrast (or positive and negative contrast) argument, metaphor argument.
22. Method of argument: argument and rebuttal (rebuttable argument, argument, argument).
Twenty-three, the structure of argumentative essay: total score, total score, total score; There are often parallel and progressive parts.
Twenty-four, the role of quotation marks: citation; Emphasize; Specific appellation; Negation, irony, irony
Twenty-five, dash usage: prompt, comment, summary, progressive, change the subject, interrupt.
Twenty-six, the answer to the meaning of the sentence:
In such a topic, a word or phrase in a sentence is often expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering the question, reveal the object it refers to, and then clear the sentence.
27. Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why?
Verb: No. Because this word is written accurately, vividly and concretely.
Adjective: No. Because this word vividly describes
Adverbs (such as all, most, very only, etc. ):No. Because this word accurately describes the situation (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc. ), after the change, it becomes inconsistent with the facts.
28. Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?
I can't. Because: (1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence); (2) This word corresponds to the above one by one; (3) These words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be interchanged.
Twenty-nine, paragraph meaning induction
1. Narration: Give a clear answer (when and where) who does what?
Format: (time+place)+people+things.
2. explanatory text: the answer clearly States what the object is and what its characteristics are.
Format: description (introduction)+description object+description content (characteristics)
3. Argumentative essay: What is the clear answer to the question and what is the author's point of view?
Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate?
Thirty, the role of interpolation
1. Read the position of the inserted paragraph and its connection with the full text.
2. Formula: The method of inserting narrative not only supplements the content of the article, but also highlights the theme of the article (or enriches the protagonist's character).
Thirty-one, the role of narrative elements
1. Time: Write in chronological order (or clues) to make the narrative process clearer.
2. Location: Write in changing order to provide an activity environment for the characters.
3. Events: use events to write, highlight the characters, and make the characters flesh and blood, rich and vivid.
4. People: Use new activities to push the story forward.
Thirty-two, the role of description skills
1. Read the location and purpose described in the paragraph.
2. Clearly describe the types and related knowledge:
① The main function of appearance (portrait) description is to express the personality characteristics of the characters.
The main function of language description is to reveal the feelings of characters and prompt their inner world.
The main function of action (detail) description is to express the mental outlook and personality characteristics of the characters, which can make the characters full of spirit and lifelike.
④ The main function of psychological (expression) description is to show the mental outlook of the characters, especially the complex psychological depiction, which can better prompt the spiritual world of the characters.
Thirty-three, the role of environmental description
1. Find the environmental description sentences at the beginning, middle and end of the paragraph.
2. Formula:
(1) Describe the scenery, write about the scenery (or environment), and set off the character and quality of the characters.
(2) The description of the scenery, combined with the psychological activities of the characters, shows the character and spirit of the characters.
(3) The description of scenery reflects the scenery and sets the emotional tone for the full text.
Thirty-four, the role of demonstration methods
1. Find out the relevant argumentation methods in the article.
2. Clear knowledge:
(1) Example method is mainly to enhance persuasiveness. Through one or two typical examples, the truth expounded can be convincing.
(2) The main function of citation method is to enrich the content, enhance the authority of persuasion, and have great strength and reliability.
(3) The main function of the positive and negative contrast argument method is to make the argument more profound.
(4) The main function of metaphorical argument is to make it easy to understand and make the argument more concrete and vivid.
3. Formula:
Example method: the method of example is adopted, and the viewpoints elaborated thereafter are detailed and convincing.
Citation: use quotation, based on famous sayings, to enhance the authority of persuasion, strong strength and strong reliability.
Positive and negative comparison and argumentation method: the positive and negative comparison and argumentation method is adopted, and the discussion is profound from now on.
Metaphorical argumentation: Metaphorical argumentation is adopted, and vivid exposition is made through metaphor.
Thirty-five, imitate sentences.
Formula:
1. Count the number of words in the example sentence.
2. Find out the rhetorical devices used in the example sentences (except those without rhetorical devices).
3. Understand the relationship between example sentences and sentences to be imitated in concepts and phenomena.
Thirty-six couplets.
Formula:
1. Name to name, shape to shape, dynamic to dynamic;
2. Mountain to Sichuan, sky to the moon, and sky to the ground;
3. Pay attention to the semantic relevance and integration of up and down links.
Thirty-seven, read pictures.
Formula:
1. Analyze picture elements. See clearly what is up, what is down, what is left, what is middle, what is the theme or title of the picture, and what is the language of the characters in the picture.
2. The formula for writing titles for comics: title+content+inspiration.
3. According to the meaning of the picture, tell your own opinions or revelations and put forward your own opinions, and write them in points (written as 1, 2, 3).
4. Give the picture a title, can you leave the meaning or implication of the picture. (5) The moral of this picture is to see that A is associated with B, and both A and B are * * *.
38. Ask questions.
Formula:
1. Analyze the given article and draw conclusions from it.
2. Analyze the change of the given chart data and draw a conclusion.
Summarize your conclusion in one sentence, but it is best to express it in 1, 2,3.
When you put forward your opinions or suggestions, you should specify 1, 2, 3 points.
Thirty-nine, famous reading.
Formula:
1. You need to be able to write the characteristic language of the characters in the relevant chapters of 1-6 volumes.
2. Write down the personality characteristics of the characters.
3. Write stories of relevant chapters.
4. Write the name of the protagonist and the name of the book.
If you want to use refined language to comment on literary masterpieces in terms of content, theme, characters and writing techniques, you'd better consider characters.
Forty, appreciate poetry and songs.
Formula:
(1) Choose words deliberately and pay attention to words such as "vivid", "image" and "vivid". The format is: good luck, description (or description), vivid, vivid, vivid.
(2) Appreciate euphoria from figures of speech, as shown in the figure above.
(3) From the ideological content of the whole sentence of the poem, we should write it from the artistic conception (ideological realm, philosophy) of the poem, which is similar to explaining the poem.
4 1. Explain the style of the writer (or literary work).
Formula:
(1) indicate the time when the author lived.
(2) indicate the characteristics of the author's work.
(3) Combining the "poems" in the author's specific works to illustrate the characteristics.
Forty-two, classical Chinese sentences are paused.
Formula:
1. Sentences marked with "therefore" and "based on" are marked with diagonal lines after these words.
2. If a noun is an adverbial, put a cross before the word.
3. The category of "energy" is actually two words, which are marked after "energy".
Draw a line between the subject and the predicate.
Draw a line between the predicate and the object.
Forty-three, combined with the context, add some words with special meanings to the text.
Formula:
1. Explain the original meaning of this word first.
2. Descriptive (or depicted)
3. This means