Zhao Qi (Heilongjiang Federation of Trade Unions, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000) Abstract: Literature archives are the main record carrier of social development, and people have attached great importance to archives work since ancient times. With the continuous development of society, the management methods of documents and archives are constantly improving, which means that the management of documents and archives is also constantly subdivided. Therefore, in the management of documents and archives, it is necessary to strictly classify documents in order to improve the efficiency of documents and archives. This paper expounds the three most common classification methods in the work of documents and archives, which are mainly divided into annual classification, institutional classification and problem classification. Keywords: document file; Classification method; Annual classification; Organization; The documents and archives of problem classification record the whole process of various realistic things in social development, and measure the supply of leaders in a certain period through objective historical records, which is also the main scale to reflect the construction of grass-roots units and departments and the development of scientific and technological achievements in a certain period. With the development of society, people's understanding of documents and archives is increasing. The classification of documents and archives is the basic starting point and fundamental purpose of the overall work of archives. In the process of fully considering and maintaining various contradictions in the historical relationship of files, the efficiency of file management is realized by using corresponding convenience. In the work of documents and archives, classification is to separate documents according to different forms and factors, so as to avoid the confusion of documents of different organs and the confusion of archives management. The annual classification of 1 is based on the year when the documents were formed and processed, that is, all the documents and archives in the whole clan are gradually distinguished according to the time, and arranged one by one by the year of formation. When using the annual classification method, it is required to summarize the documents according to the exact date of the documents, and indicate the formation method. This is the key to ensure the quality and efficiency of classification, and it is also an effective measure to improve file classification reasonably in current practical work. In the process of classification, we need to pay attention to several aspects: First, in actual social activities, there are not only general Gregorian calendar years, but also some special industries and departments. According to the nature and characteristics of work, files were compiled in the past lunar calendar, which caused the problem of easy confusion in the classification of files. Therefore, this situation needs to be strictly analyzed in the process of classification to avoid the confusion of document classification. Second, some documents have several dates, such as drafting date, signing date, approval date, meeting adoption date, issuance date, receipt date, etc. Sometimes these dates do not belong to the same year. In this case, it is necessary to determine a date that can best explain the time characteristics of the file according to the specific circumstances of the file. The usual practice is: internal documents and general documents shall be based on the writing date of the documents; The receipt of documents shall be subject to the date of receipt; Laws, decrees, regulations and other normative documents are based on the date of approval or the effective date of promulgation; Mandatory documents such as instructions and orders shall be based on the date of signing, that is, the date of signing; Plans, summaries, budgets, final accounts, statistical reports, etc. Based on the time limit for the content; Special documents, letters, etc. Cross-year processing can be placed in the year with the closest relationship or in the year of final settlement. The classified queries of periodical articles are all in the periodical database. Third, some documents are not marked or the date cannot be found for some reason. Therefore, according to the specific situation of documents, appropriate methods should be taken to verify and determine the accurate or approximate date of documents and classify them appropriately. In the management of documents and archives, the requirements for classification are increasing. In the management of documents and archives, each document is generally regarded as one piece, the original and final version of the document as one piece, the text and annex as one piece, the components and copies as one piece, and the document is forwarded and forwarded. Fourth, in the process of annual classification, a document is generally sorted according to its actual characteristics, and the basis of sorting is the time of writing, issuing, approving, implementing and publishing. However, in the current classified management, the issuance time of documents is generally adopted. Judging the year of a document by the date of publication is the main method to summarize all units and enterprises at present, and it is also the main means to cancel its contents according to the new method. Organization classification is classified according to the contractors who form and process documents in the document processing stage. It takes the internal organization of the filing unit as the standard and sets categories according to different organizations. The organization classification method should meet certain conditions: First, the internal organization established by the filing unit every year should be basically stable. Internal organizations often adjust the changing filing units, so this method is not suitable. Second, the internal institutions established by the filing unit should reflect the division of functions of the unit, and each institution has relatively stable basic tasks or responsibilities, and the content and flow of its work activities should be consistent with the relevant functions undertaken by the institution. Third, the documents of the filing unit should be marked by various institutions when they are formed and accepted, such as the receipt number and document number. The classification of institutions is generally based on the first-level institutions in the filing unit, and can be divided into second-level institutions when necessary. Usually, an organization has a category. If the organization of a unit includes office, personnel department, accounting department, organization department, propaganda department, etc. Archives can be divided into office, personnel, accounting, organization department and propaganda department. Generally, the arrangement order of all kinds is in accordance with the provisions of customs or official documents, and the leading institutions and comprehensive institutions rank first. Problem classification is to classify document files into various categories according to the problems or "reasons" reflected by document contents. It takes the document content as the standard and classifies it according to the problems (reasons) involved in the document. For example, files in a whole clan can be classified according to personnel, planning, production and sales, and sales files can be further classified according to advertising, promotion, transportation and after-sales. This classification method requires that the generalization of the problem should be accurate and clear, and all categories at the same level should be mutually exclusive and classified according to the main contents of the document. Therefore, relatively speaking, this classification method requires higher professional level of archivists. In order to ensure that every document can be correctly classified, we should pay attention to the following points when using the problem classification: First, when setting the classification system and category, we should carefully study the scope of authority and tasks of the archiving unit and classify the documents according to the specific situation; Second, the classification levels and categories should not be too fragmented, otherwise people will easily make mistakes in understanding; Third, we should correctly use logical principles to set categories; Fourth, we should set up a comprehensive category to accommodate some comprehensive literature and too few documents; Fifth, if a document involves several issues at the same time, it is necessary to study and confirm the main issues and classify the document into corresponding categories. In practical work, due to the complexity of the whole clan files, it is rare to use only one classification method to classify files, and usually two or more classification methods are combined. The most commonly used classification methods of each unit mainly include: year-organization classification, year-problem classification, year-organization-storage period classification, storage period-year-organization classification. Errors in the management of documents and archives will affect the correctness of their future use, and its influence can not be ignored. To do a good job in file management, we must first start with the basic work. The management of archives is not just "managing a pile", but should constantly improve the original archives. On the basis of ensuring that the existing archives work is error-free, the archivists are required to check the original archives to prevent errors in the previous archives management, and take remedial measures when errors are found to minimize the losses caused by errors. This requires archivists to manage archival work wholeheartedly and start from the foundation. Conclusion Generally, the classification of documents and files is gradually classified into advanced files through the lowest files. This method is arranged by determining the order of filing files in the application process. Because the classification of documents and archives is a complex process, it needs to be updated constantly in combination with science and technology to ensure the integrity of classification and archiving, provide a strong basis for the improvement of archives work, and improve the management efficiency and work quality of documents and archives. [2] Sui Min. 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