I. Discipline
All the records in this chronicle are emperors (except Xiang Yu, the overlord of the place of Chu). Ji is the outline of the whole book, which records the words and deeds of emperors according to the time of year and month. Five of them recorded the history of pre-Qin, followed by the five emperors of Xia, Yin, Zhou and Qin. There are seven articles recording the history of Qin and Han Dynasties, followed by Qin Shihuang, Chu Xiangyu, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Gao Zhi, Han Heng, Han Jingdi Liu Qi and Emperor Wudi.
Second, the table
Table lists lineages, people and historical events in tables.
Third, the Book describes the development of the system, involving the system of rites and music, astronomical and military laws, social economy, river geography and other aspects.
Fourth, family.
The "aristocratic family" describes the historical relics of the vassal's seal of the country and the deeds of particularly important people. Such as Jin family, Chu family and family.
Biography of verbs (abbreviation for verb)
Biography is the life stories of other representatives except emperors and generals and the biographies of ethnic minorities. Such as Biography of Lao Fei, Biography of Sun Qi and Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
Extended data
Brief Introduction and Creation Background of Historical Records
I. Introduction
At first, there was no fixed title for historical records, which were called "Taishi Gongshu" or "Taishi Gongshu", and also called "Taishi Gongshu" in the province. This is a biographical history book written by Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty. It is the first biographical general history in the history of China, recording the history of four years and more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi era to Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty.
Historical Records includes twelve biographies (recording the political achievements of emperors in past dynasties), thirty biographies (recording the rise and fall of vassal states and governors in Han Dynasty), seventy biographies (recording the words and deeds of important people, mainly describing the characters and ministers, and the last one is the preface), ten tables (chronology of major events) and eight books (recording various laws and regulations, such as etiquette, music, temperament, calendar, astronomy, etc.).
Historical Records is listed as the first of the "Twenty-four History", 130, with more than 526,500 words. Historical Records has a huge scale and a complete system, which has a far-reaching impact on the biographical history books of later generations. The official history of past dynasties was written in this genre.
Second, the creative background
During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the kingship was abolished, and the ancient cultural classics were destroyed by the Qin Dynasty, which led to the loss of precious classics in Mingtang and Shishi. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Xiao He revised the law, Han Xin affirmed the military law, Zhang Cang formulated the articles of association, and Shu determined the etiquette. Scholars with good personality and knowledge gradually used it, and abandoned ancient books such as poetry and books were constantly collected and given by people who loved literature everywhere.
Historical Records has a wide range of materials. At that time, Shi Ben, Mandarin, Ji Qin, Chunqiu of Chu and Han Dynasties, a hundred schools of thought contend and other works, as well as national documents and archives, as well as materials obtained from field investigation, were all important sources of materials for Sima Qian to write Historical Records.
What is particularly valuable is that Sima Qian carefully analyzed and screened the collected materials and eliminated some nonsense. For example, Huang San, who had no evidence, was not listed. He took the Five Emperors as the beginning of his discipline, and either took a skeptical attitude or recorded various opinions on some unclear issues.