Regardless of work or life, Hiroshi Ono insists on using notebook records, and this lifestyle has aroused enthusiastic response after the broadcast of NHK and TBS TV programs. How to read a book effectively: The super-practical reading skills with notes are a summary of his practical experience, which teaches you how to "get along with books" step by step from how to choose books, buy books, read books, record and use them flexibly. The following are three parts: reading, recording and flexible use, sharing Xiao Ye's advice.
First, about reading 1, different chapters have different reading methods.
Reading from beginning to end is a waste of time and can't be absorbed effectively. Books are focused, which is also mentioned by another Japanese reading expert, Toshiyuki Oshima, in his practical reading guide:
The important content of a book only accounts for 20% of the whole book, and the most important of these 20% is only 4%.
Therefore, different chapters of a book need to be read in different ways. For most of the content, you just need to read extensively or skip, and pay more attention to what you want to pay attention to, what you are interested in and what is meaningful to you. In How to Read a Book Effectively, Xiao Ye Xuanzhi gave an example:
If you want to ride a bicycle more efficiently, you must master the tricks and change gears of different sizes according to the inclination of the road. The same is true when reading. Read the difficult part carefully in vulgar gear, and browse the easy part quickly in high-speed gear. This reading method of "shifting gears" while reading will not only cause fatigue, but also effectively shorten the reading time.
It can also be said that reading is actually a process of refining important content, which can not only remove redundant details, but also naturally mobilize the consciousness of purposeful reading.
2. On the premise of ideological output.
Many people read books, put them on the shelf after reading them, and soon forget that they have read such books.
You won't really understand the book until you explain it to others.
Reading is an input process. Only when the input knowledge is integrated and refined by our own brains and output in different forms can we remember it more deeply in our minds. There are many ways to output, such as telling others or taking reading notes. The key point is to have the consciousness of thinking output when reading.
Reading for different purposes has completely different effects. When the purpose of reading changes from "just finished reading" to "writing reading notes", the focus of reading changes from "writing reading notes for reading" to "reading for writing reading notes". In this way, the quality of thinking input will be improved, and more energy will be focused on the essence of a good book, which is the difference between purposeless reading and purposeful reading. As shown in the figure below:
Second, how to effectively record reading notes?
Reading notes are the best part of reading. Taking notes can make your reading results clear at a glance, and it is also a process of sorting out ideas, deepening understanding and deepening memory. Ono first announced the "onion hot pot" reading notes method, which advocated the coexistence of excerpts and comments. Hot pot with scallion oil is a Japanese specialty, cooked with onion and tuna, with fish as the main ingredient and onion segments as the side dish. Excerpts and comments coexist in the notes, just like the relationship between fish and onions, so it is named "onion hot pot" reading notes.
This note-taking method mainly records the following information:
Date of writing reading notes
title of a book
Author's name
What is important to you (excerpt)
My opinion on this article (comment)
Mark the excerpts and feelings with symbols in front to show the difference. The following is for reference:
Reading notes on "hot pot style with scallion oil"
The important difference between this kind of reading notes and taking notes is that it makes you think, not only by writing down the contents of the book, but more importantly, by recording your thoughts at that time, which is the source of original thinking.
In addition to the reading notes of "onion oil pan", the author also introduced the reading notes of newspaper clippings, that is, cutting out the key information, information cards, bookmarks and advertising leaflets on the waist and pasting them in the notebook. This is also a good way to take reading notes, which not only saves writing time, but also retains the original flavor. However, personally, it is not as effective as the "hot pot method". After all, the process of writing is equivalent to rearranging the materials I have read and my own ideas, which has deepened my understanding and memory. Although it took a little time, it was definitely an unforgettable reading experience. Reading experience is more important than books. You can choose your own reading notes method according to your own habits and energy.
When recording reading notes, you need to pay attention to the following items:
1, insist
The book is focused, there is no need to read it carefully from beginning to end. It is important that no matter how long it takes, you should make some efforts to impress yourself with the books you have read. Even if you just write down the author, title, reading situation or do some excerpts, you should insist on writing reading notes, which is the most effective way to read.
This is an exposition of the role of reading notes by Mr. Shigeru Kashima, a French literature expert.
Only by persistence can reading notes play a role. Many people will find it troublesome to write reading notes, and it is often difficult to persist for a long time. In How to Read a Book Effectively, Kono Xuanzhi suggested that everyone start with one sentence. It's easy to take notes in one sentence. Extract the sentences that excite you. There is no need to extract them, write down your thoughts at the moment of moving, even if it is just a "wow, great!" " . As long as it is written from the heart, this reading note is meaningful.
Sometimes, when you just want to write one sentence at the beginning, you will be surprised to find that you have new feelings after writing, such as writing "Wow, great!" " "Why do you think it's great? Where is the stick? And from this began to think, reading notes are also rich. Persistence is the basis of taking reading notes. If you are not ready, you might as well start with a sentence. After writing, you may find more surprises waiting for you!
Step 2 check
In order to make writing reading notes more efficient, it is necessary to make screening preparation before taking notes, that is, to screen out the information that you think is important and useful to you. The specific steps are as follows:
With the above prelude, we will have an overall understanding of the whole book, and there will be no "I don't know what to remember" when making reading notes. At the same time, after screening, your reading notes will be more refined and the logical information will be clearer.
Third, how to use the knowledge gained from books? This is the last and most crucial step in how to read a book effectively. In other words, applying what we have learned is the ultimate goal of our study.
1, positive output promotes internalization of ideas.
Taking reading notes is actually the first step of thinking output. However, taking notes is not entirely correct, and no amount of information can form a knowledge system if it is not actively output and used. Many times, when we explain something we think we know very well to others, we will still find a lot of vague contents, and this problem will only be discovered when you output it, which urges you to investigate the sources and materials that you have never cared about, re-examine your own views and establish a systematic knowledge system.
It takes a lot of effort to check and fill the gaps, but only by facing up to these hardships can we stop being ignorant. People do not make speeches or publish books because they know everything, but make themselves reach new heights and become experts in a certain field through speeches and publications.
Step 2 reread your reading notes
Reading notes condense the essence of our reading and are worth reading again and again. Every time you reread it and add a comment, it is a good opportunity to deepen your understanding and broaden your horizons. At different times and stages, our ideological height and understanding are different. We acquire new knowledge or information in our daily life, and our feelings and understanding of the contents in the book will naturally change.
The effect of rereading is not only to deepen memory, but also to write a special story between yourself and the book. If a book is compared to a "place", then reading notes are photos taken in this place. Going to the same place to take pictures at different times will make the photos different. Look at these photos later, and your impression of that place will change. In the process of rereading, there will be new discoveries and new gains to deepen your understanding. By rereading, you can add color to your thoughts and avoid drawing short-sighted conclusions when you encounter problems in reality.
3. Brain sudden illness
Reading notes can not only provide creativity for writing articles, but also be used as creative material for brainstorming. "The so-called creativity is just to recombine the original elements." This is what james webb young, an American advertising master, said in his book Creative Generation.
In order to stimulate creativity, you can read your previous reading notes, compare all kinds of recorded information, reorganize collision thinking and make new discoveries. Whether an idea is good or not depends on how to arrange the relationship between information.
The following is an example given by Xiao Ye Xuanzhi in his book:
With reading notes, the information in the book will not be sealed on the shelf after reading, as stated at the beginning. It takes time and effort to reread a book, but it is much easier to reread reading notes. As long as you reread your reading notes and combine them with useful information, you will find unexpected ideas.
4. Write book reviews to improve your writing level.
The reading notes of Onion Hotpot introduced earlier emphasize the simultaneous recording of thoughts and opinions at that time. These original words and ideas will become the material for future output. Writing book reviews is an immediate way to integrate output materials and turn "borrowed" thinking into your own things in time. On the one hand, you can use the first reading to deepen your impression; On the other hand, you don't have to worry about "nothing to write" when writing book reviews. This is an opportunity for you to constantly practice your writing skills.