Ephesians (a volume in the New Testament of Christianity)

On the thirteenth day, we woke up in the morning light of the Aegean Sea.

Aegean Sea is a sea of love.

A father threw himself into the sea because he was sad about his son's death.

Aegean was originally the king of Athens, the Greek city-state. Because the son of king Minos, the ruler of Crete, the son of Zeus and Europa was killed in Athens, Minos begged his father Zeus to send the plague to Athens. The Athenians were forced to agree to Minos' condition: seven pairs of virgins were sent every nine years. It turned out that Percy Ford, the Queen of Minos, gave birth to a monster Mino Taulos, who was a bull's head. This half-man, half-cow monster only eats human flesh. Minos put him in a maze designed and built by the famous Athenian architect Daedalus. These seven virgins are the food of the monster MINO Taulos. At the time of sending boys and girls for the third time, Prince theseus, the son of Aegean, volunteered to enter the palace as a victim, waiting for an opportunity to kill the monster and kill the people. Whenever a boat carrying boys and girls hangs up in black sails. Before leaving, theseus and his father agreed that if he won, the boat would hang white sails when it came back. If black sails, who hung up at the time of departure, has not changed, it is that he has failed and died.

Theseus came to Minos Palace, and Princess Ariadne fell in love with him at first sight. The princess gave him a ball of thread and a magic sword, told him to tie the thread at the entrance, and then put it into the maze. Theseus found MINO Taulos in the depths of the maze, and after a desperate struggle, he finally killed MINO Taulos.

Theseus returned to Athens with Princess Ariadne, who loved him deeply. On the way, fate asked theseus to leave her on an island, because she had appointed Princess Ariadne as the wife of Dionysus Dionysus. Theseus went home and was carried away by the joy of victory. He forgot to replace black sails on the ship. As a result, his father, standing by the sea and looking at black sails in the boat, thought his son was dead and threw himself into the sea sadly. In order to commemorate the Aegean Sea, later generations called this sea the Aegean Sea.

Aegean Sea is a sea of songs.

Sai Ren, the sea banshee, sang a song that made many people want to smell the banshee, regardless of death.

Aegean Sea is a sea of temptation.

The fruits of the forgotten island, the songs of Sai Ren and the love in Calypso mythology mythology will make people linger and be puzzled for life.

Are those who go out to sea fans of Sai Ren's songs?

However, we can't look for those beautiful songs that make people crazy in myths, but we should go to our realistic tourist destination: kusadasi, a resort on the Aegean Sea, to explore the magical ancient city of Ephesus.

On the way, the assistant and the tour guide sang a very nice Turkish song "baghdadi" for everyone. Aida, the tour guide, is very devoted and sings with emotion.

This area is rich in peaches and mangoes, and the roads are surrounded by orchards. The lyrics of the foreign folk song "Return to Surento" that I used to like to sing welled up in my mind: Look how beautiful and exciting the ocean is. Look at the beautiful scenery of nature, how intoxicating.

"Look at the orchard on this hillside, which is full of golden oranges, fragrant everywhere and warm everywhere."

Ida's lingering songs echoed in my ears. Although the feelings of the two songs are similar, it is a pity that they are not the same language as IDA. In my mind, I always feel sad: but you said goodbye to me, said goodbye to your loved ones forever and left your hometown forever. Do you really have the heart not to come back?

Ida is in high spirits today. After singing, she whistled in her mouth with her fingers. After whistling, she danced in the narrow carriage space accompanied by Ali's fast-paced mobile music "Garden of Ankara". Her whistle and lively dance brought laughter to everyone's journey.

Then, not to be outdone, several of our group members stood up and sang with the encouragement of Ali, and the journey was full of happiness.

On the way, the aunt who made scones at the rest stop rolled out a piece of cake on a small table, first shoveled out the baked cake on the stove with a big wooden shovel, and then shoveled the rolled cake into the stove. The newly baked cake gives off a fragrance.

After the rest stop, there are olive trees on the roadside, which are one of the specialties of Turkey. Of course, it is also rich in olive oil and olive oil products, such as various soaps and cosmetics. Turkey's olive oil production is second only to Spain in the world.

There is a castle on the top of the hill by the roadside, commanding and magnificent. The tour guide said it was called goat castle, which was built by Seljuk people.

At noon, I had lunch in a small village near the ancient city of Ephesus.

Although the small restaurant is not big, it is tastefully decorated and beautiful.

Flowers surround the house.

The wheels of an old car are hung on a tree, which is quite grounded.

The interior furnishings are not gorgeous, but simple and practical.

In the small yard, two local families with their children also dined here, which was a happy family.

A woman is telling her children about discipline (guess).

A group of children obediently sat down along the stairs, which just gave me a chance to take pictures.

After lunch, I stood at the intersection leading to the ancient city of Ephesus, looking at the road ahead and thinking a lot.

The virgin Mary was born, and the virgin Mary and St. John died here. Cleopatra's sister Archinochi took refuge here. When Shakespeare wrote and adapted The Wrong Comedy, he deliberately changed the original location from the port city of Scandinavia to the mysterious ancient city of Ephesus.

Aida, the tour guide, told us that she didn't know Chinese, and Ali, the assistant tour guide and translator, didn't know much about history, so we listened vaguely. I have to teach myself.

Located 40 kilometers southeast of Izmir, near the Aegean Sea, the ruins of Ephesus are the best-preserved classical cities in the eastern Mediterranean.

The original site of the city is not here. According to historical records, the city was built here in 10 century BC. The historical site of the Giant Buddha is the third ancient city. The first was an important city in the kingdom of Lydia, which was later flooded. The second one was built by the Greeks who spoke Ionian dialect near the Aegean Sea in the 8th century BC. The original meaning is "City of Mother Goddess". Then malaria broke out, killing many people and wasting many people. After Alexander the Great conquered Asia Minor, he moved his address here, and then built the third Ephesus here, as well as the theater, racetrack and arena. The Temple of Al themis in the city was once listed as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Ephesus has also become an important natural port in Alexandria, which was once called "the place where history meets the sea".

In Roman times, Ephesus became the capital of the Roman Empire in Asia. It was the largest port city in Roman times and an important commercial and trade city with a population of 250,000. Whether in ancient Greece or Rome, Ephesus is a super-prosperous international metropolis, known as "immortal, glitz land of human life" and "non-Rome, better than Rome".

The city has a theater that can accommodate 25,000 people, a library with 65,438+2,000 books, temples, marble streets (there are countless statues beside the streets), street squares, large fountains, Roman bathrooms, public toilets, large shopping malls, hospitals, pharmacies and brothels, and the living facilities are very complete. Its water supply system can serve at least 66,000 people, and its underground heating and sewage facilities are almost perfect. ...

The gate of the ruins of Ephesus was the south gate of that year. It's easier to walk down the ramp from here, and the buildings along the way can be seen more clearly.

As soon as the city gate entered, it was the first bathroom immediately. It's called the bathroom of Varius.

All the cities built by the Romans by the sea have three bathrooms, and officials, businessmen and sailors from outside have to take a bath in the bathroom before entering the city center.

This is a Roman water pipe that can supply both water and water.

Out of the bathroom, further inside is the city hall, and now only ruins are left.

In front of the city hall is Titus Flavius Domitianus Avenue, also known as Roman Avenue, named after the Roman emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus. In case of the emperor's visit or major activities or celebrations, the king has to go through a road full of soldiers on both sides and review the team on this road, so it is also called political avenue.

The whole road is paved with marble, leading to the most famous Selcer Library. Marble avenue has a panoramic view.

The sidewalk next to Political Avenue is paved with colored mosaic tiles. After more than two thousand years, these tiles are still colorful.

These are lamp posts on both sides of the avenue. It is said that the street lamps above are lit at night to illuminate pedestrians, and the whole avenue will be full of light.

Ephesus is a paradise for cats. They can be seen everywhere in Ephesus. I don't know what they do for a living, but their fur is smooth and elegant, and they look pampered. They often occupy beautiful marble carvings and sleep soundly, unlike those stray cats in China.

Inside the city hall is the conference hall, which was built in the 2nd century A.D. and funded by the noble Anthony and his wife. It was originally a conference hall, and later it became a concert hall.

The conference hall once had a roof with 23 rows of seats, which could accommodate 1400 people. It is divided into audience area, performance area and office building. The marble chair shows high quality craftsmanship. The office building in front looks like a two-story structure with five entrances and exits, and the entrance in the middle is higher and wider than the other four. Because concerts and cultural performances are often held, it used to be called a theater, and the open space in the middle is the orchestra pit, which is also the performance area.

Just as we were looking at taking pictures on the steps of the conference hall, a group of Turks, whether tour groups or relatives and friends, came, and everyone suggested taking pictures on both sides. They immediately cheered enthusiastically and ran to the steps to take a photo with us.

Turks are heroic, with hearty laughter and open voice, which is very infectious.

There are not many such opportunities, and we are also in high spirits and laughing like a tide.

After the photo shoot, people who have never met before waved goodbye. "Bye-bye" sounds come and go, and those strange and friendly faces, this rare friendly scene, will remain in our hearts forever.

Looking back at the gate from the conference hall.

The street opposite the conference hall is a place for delegates to rest during the meeting.

The high platform in the distance is the sacred platform of the ancient city.

This is where the torch light of Ephesus is always on.

The sacred flame here has never been extinguished for centuries, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. All the residents in the city should come here to make a fire when they need it.

Flame symbolizes the eternal spirit of Ephesus (Ephesians believe that flame represents the soul of Ephesians). If the flame goes out, Ephesus will perish, so the flame is guarded.

Guarding the flame is a very glorious position and needs to be selected among the citizens.

Ephesus in April is also full of beautiful spring.

There are many famous sculptures on both sides of the avenue to commemorate those who have made contributions to the city. This is in memory of a doctor.

It is said that one year a plague broke out in Ephesus. He tried medicine and died of poisoning. He is a good doctor of Shennong style.

The street where the doctor is located is lined with hospitals and pharmacies.

This is the symbol of the hospital. The pattern on it is a scepter and a snake! It originated from the story of Eiskola Pioz, who was revered as a medical god by the ancient Greeks, and his worship also involved the use of snakes.

This pattern became the source of the World Health Organization badge.

This is the sign of the drugstore.

This magnificent building with a triangular roof is the famous Trajan Fountain. It is dedicated to Emperor Trajan, one of the five wise emperors of Rome. The building is about12m high, 20m long and10m wide. It is surrounded by stone pillars and statues. The remains of the fountain pool in front of the building still exist. The statue of Emperor Trajan once stood in the middle of the pool, but now there is only one foot left. But judging from the buildings left behind, they are still magnificent.

Because the statue was built in the middle of the pool, people bowed their heads to get water from the pool, as if they were bowing to the emperor.

Crete Street named after a local priest is all paved with marble.

The statue of Hercules is carved on the famous stone gate of Kritos Street. This gate is also a sign to distinguish the outer city from the inner city. The statue on the stone pillar, the symbol of death and the symbol of life, means that everything in the world alternates and everything starts here. .

Nipple monument Mammills is the grandson of dictator Sultan and an architect.

The Mammal Monument commemorates the Roman dictator Sura. The monument is engraved with words of praise for Sula. In 88 BC, the Greek Kingdom of Bentu invaded Roman territory, killing 8,000 Romans. At that time, the Roman dictator Sura led many people to fight, and finally won and became a hero of the Romans.

On the hillside on the left side of the avenue are some noble houses.

The gorgeous mosaic tiles laid on the ground inside are much more luxurious than those on the sidewalk.

This is the location of Domitian Square.

Domiti Ann Square was built by Emperor Domitian. Emperor Domitian reigned in 8 1-96, and was tyrannical and proud. He built many buildings, including the Domitian Temple in the square. Emperor Domitian was later assassinated and the temple was demolished by the people.

The ruins of Domitian Temple near the square.

Domitian Temple is the first temple built by a living emperor for himself, which is located next to Domiti Ann Square. There are eight pillars on one side of the temple, 13 on the other side, and four pillars in front of the altar. It is the largest temple in the city. After the temple was demolished, only this door carving was left.

The relief of the goddess of victory under the fig tree was originally part of the arch on Hercules' door.

The goddess of victory is called Nike. Legend has it that she has wings and is amazing in speed. She helped Zeus defeat Titan and brought victory to Zeus, so she became the goddess of victory. In western art, people often appear with wings and olive branches.

She not only symbolizes the victory of the war, but also represents the success in many fields of Greek daily life, especially in the field of competitive sports. So Nike took her name as the name of the company, and the hook of Nike trademark also came from this statue.

This statue is carved with the god of wealth worshipped by ancient Greece and Rome, and it should be Hermes, the messenger of God in Greek mythology. The Romans were also called Mercury. He is wearing sandals with flying wings and holding a wand. He can fly around as fast as his mind. So he became the messenger and messenger of Zeus. He is also the god of cunning thieves and liars. In Homer's Poems, he is described as "a changeable, smooth and clever thief, who brings people dreams, a watchman at night, a thief outside the door, and the first person among immortal gods to show goodwill." So he is also a god worshipped by thieves, probably because thieves need both clever deception and quick escape.

Nowadays, the famous French brand Hermes, which makes many fashionable women flock to it, is his name!

This is the temple of Hadrian the Great.

Hadrian, nicknamed Emperor Yong, was one of the five wise emperors of the Roman Empire. His reign was 1 17-138. He has been in power for nearly 30 years. He is a descendant of the Roman nobility living in Spain and a cousin of the Roman emperor Trajan. /kloc-When he was 0/4 years old, he went to Rome. /kloc-began to serve in the army at the age of 0/6. He experienced the Rhine War and the Danube War successively.

Hadrian was deeply appreciated by Trajan and was entrusted with an important task. 1 17 Shortly after Trajan's death, Hadrian succeeded to the throne of Rome, and Rome entered a golden age. Nearly 100 million people began to enjoy a peaceful, prosperous and safe life. Hadrian is strong and tall, with thick curly hair and sharp eyes. When marching, he was not afraid of the change of weather and terrain, and he ate the same diet and drank cheap drinks as the soldiers, which won the soldiers' love.

Emperor Hadrian is considered to be ahead of the times in many aspects, and his contemporaries praised him as "friendly and dignified, serious and humorous, frugal and generous, versatile and pursuing change". Hadrian was also a learned emperor. Among all the Roman emperors, he was the most literate, and he made achievements in the fields of literature, art, mathematics, philosophy and astronomy. He has the temperament of an artist, which is reflected in his poetry, architectural design and lifestyle.

The architecture and sculpture of the temple are extremely exquisite and have high artistic value.

The statue of Medusa is carved under the eaves of the main hall inside.

This beautiful girl is really poor. She just boasted that she was more beautiful than Athena, and Athena turned her into an ugly snake-haired girl. Moreover, men can't look at her, and looking at her will turn to stone. Finally, she was killed by Poerxiusi, and her head was given to Athena by Poerxiusi, and was inlaid on the shield by Athena.

Greek gods can be really perverted sometimes.

But also remind some people who have capital but no background: even if they are really beautiful, don't show off. After all, some people are not to be taunted, especially those who are too narrow-minded

Carving Medusa's head on Hadrian Temple may increase the strength and majesty of the temple, making it impossible for ordinary people to look up, thus maintaining the mystery of the temple.

Some tourists say that Starbucks' trademark is the image of this Medusa, but it is actually a misinformation. Besides, it makes no sense for Starbucks to use the image of Medusa. Is it to scare people not to come to Starbucks for coffee?

In fact, this is the image of a two-tailed mermaid in Nordic legend. Some people say that she is the image of Sai Ren, which makes sense. Sai Ren's singing is full of temptation, so is Starbucks' coffee.

Hadrian's Temple once had an aristocratic bathroom called Lastikka Bath. The statue in the middle is a lady who rebuilt the bathroom after the earthquake.

The big pit with grass in the middle was the bath at that time.

There is an aristocratic toilet next to the bathroom, which can accommodate 48 people at the same time. This is the earliest toilet in the world! And I'm still squatting. Below the toilet seat is a stone ditch, 2-3 meters deep, which is naturally washed out by running water. At that time, only aristocratic men could enter, and they had to pay. It is said that some nobles also spend special money to buy toilet seats for their own use.

This place is also a social place for nobles to discuss problems, exchange information and discuss business when they go to the toilet.

It is said that when it is cold in winter, nobles go to the toilet, first let slaves sit on it to warm the toilet seat, and then sit by themselves.

But it's impossible to think about it. Can they wait if they are in a hurry? There may be another way to heat it.

How to clean after going to the toilet? There is a running ditch in front of the seat. It is said that they washed it with Mediterranean sponge.

At the end of the road is the famous Selcer Library, which is the landmark of Ephesus.

Selcer Library was built by the Governor of Ephesus in memory of his father, former Governor Selcer. It is also said that Selse Library was built on his father's grave by Selse's son to protect his father. Because Selse was buried next to the library.

The library is tall and magnificent. At that time, it was called the second largest in Asia Minor, with a collection of books 12000 volumes. The building faces east, so that the reading room can make full use of the morning light. It is said that both Homer and Aristotle once taught writing here, but the dating is not credible.

The exquisite statue in the library of Celsus.

At present, there is only one wall in the front of the library, and the facade is covered with exquisite carvings. Four niches are dedicated to statues representing kindness, thought, knowledge and wisdom.

But this wall is said to have been rebuilt later.

Ephesus is the second largest Roman relic in the world. But it is not a world heritage.

Because many of the ruins of Ephesus were later restored, and because they were so well restored (the original relics were put together with the newly copied ones), they were confused with the real ones and became a model of repairing the old as new, without clearly indicating which ones were new and which ones were old. Therefore, it is not included in the United Nations "World Cultural List".

Restoration diagram of Selse.

Opposite the library is the brothel. It is said that the library and the brothel are the same boss. There is a secret passage from the library to the brothel, and the library stipulates that only men can enter. As for where men go in, it is hard to say.