The British Museum, also known as the British Museum, is located in Russell Square, north of New Oxford Street. It is the oldest and most magnificent comprehensive museum in the world. It collects many cultural relics and book treasures from all over the world. The richness and variety of collections are rare in museums all over the world.
The British Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Louvre in Paris are the three largest museums in the world. The British Museum was established in 1753 and opened to the public in 1759. On both sides of the main entrance of the museum, there are eight thick and tall Roman columns, and the top of each column is the top of a triangle, engraved with a huge relief. The whole building is magnificent.
British Museum includes Egyptian Museum, Greek and Roman Museum, Western Asia Museum, European Medieval Museum and Oriental Art Museum. Among them, the Egyptian Cultural Relics Museum, the Greek and Roman Cultural Relics Museum and the Oriental Art Cultural Relics Collection are the most striking. Existing buildings were built in the middle of19th century. * * There are more than 100 exhibition halls, covering an area of 670,000 square meters, and * * * exhibits exceed 4 million pieces. The richness and variety of collections are rare in museums all over the world. It is famous for its collection of ancient Roman relics, ancient Greek statues and Egyptian mummies. In addition to enjoying the exhibits, visitors can also appreciate the outstanding performance of the British in museum design.
history
The Egyptian Pavilion inside the British Museum, the origin of which can be traced back to 1753. Hans? 6? Sir Si Long was a famous collector at that time. After his death in 1753, he left behind 79,575 personal collections and a large number of plant specimens, books and manuscripts. According to his will, all the collections were donated to the country. These collections were finally handed over to the British Parliament. After raising funds for the Architectural Museum through public fundraising, the British Museum was finally established and opened to the public in montague Tower near the center of London, with the time of June1759+1October 15.
After the opening of the museum, a large number of precious collections were acquired through British adventures in various places. The early British Museum tended to collect natural history specimens, but there were also a large number of cultural relics and books, which attracted a large number of visitors. By the beginning of19th century, the ancient buildings in Monta became insufficient. So in 1824, the museum decided to build a new museum in the north of Monta Gu Lou, which was completed in 1840s, and the old Monta Gu Lou was demolished soon. Shortly after the completion of the new building, a circular reading room opened to the public was built in the yard.
Due to the limitation of space, the British Museum separated natural history specimens from archaeological relics at 1880, and the British Museum specializes in collecting archaeological relics. 1973, the museum was divided again, and books, manuscripts and other contents were separated to form a new British library.
Brief introduction of British Museum
The Great Court of the British Museum is located in the center of the British Museum. It was completed in June 5438+February 2000 and opened to the public. It is the largest covered square in Europe at present. The top of the square consists of 1656 pieces of glass with strange shapes. In the center of the square is the reading room of the British Museum, which is open to the public.
The British Museum is open to the public free of charge for several months except 1972. In 2002, the museum faced a serious financial crisis, and even was forced to close for a few days because librarians protested layoffs. A few weeks later, a Greek statue was stolen, mainly because the security guards lacked responsibility. The reading room of the British Museum used to belong to the British Library, but the library reading room has been moved to the library building and is now the reading room of the museum.
At present, the British Museum is divided into 10 branches: Ancient Near East Pavilion, Coins and Commemorative Coins Pavilion, Egypt Pavilion, Ethnic Pavilion, Greece and Rome Pavilion, Japan Pavilion, Medieval and Modern Europe Pavilion, Oriental Pavilion, Prehistoric and Early Europe Pavilion, Prints and Sketches Pavilion and West Asia Pavilion.
A famous collection
Taoist figures in the British Museum
Collection of British Museum
Blue and white porcelain mandarin fish pattern plate in Yuan Dynasty
After Napoleon's defeat in Egypt, the Rosetta Stone, the most precious Egyptian cultural relic acquired by Britain, was robbed. )
Marble sculpture of Parthenon in Athens (18 16 was obtained by land expropriation compensation, and now the Greeks demand it back, but the British refuse to return it).
The head of Pharaoh Amon Hopt III (purchased at 1823).
Ramses II (18 18 when the British Consul General in Egypt donated and ceded the land).
Franks jewelry box (obtained by 1867, taken when the land was ceded).
Portland vase (Portland vase)
Charlotte. 6? 1 Bronte studied in Brussels, Belgium and pursued a love letter written by a professor.
Charlotte. 6? 1 Bronte pursued a love letter from a professor with a woman husband when he was a tutor.
Charlotte. 6? 1 Bronte abused Jane Austen's stationery manuscript.
Charlotte. 6? 1 Bronte scolded the photos of third-rate writers in the newspaper.
Admission to the British Museum is free.