1 June, 957, the new commercial version1revised; 1May, 959, revised the second edition; 1July, 962, revised the third edition; 19765438 June, revised the fourth edition; In June 0, 65438 was revised.

Revise the 5th edition 1979 in June, 6th edition 1987 in February, 7th edition 1990 in February, 8th edition 1993 in July and 9th edition 1998 in May.

Xinhua Dictionary is the first modern Chinese dictionary in China. The earliest name was Wu Dictionary, but it was not compiled. Since 1953, it has been re-edited, and its general example is completely Wu Dictionary.

It was published from 1953 and revised repeatedly, but Xinhua Dictionary published by the Commercial Press in 1957 was the first edition. Edited by Xinhua Dictionary Society, from 65438 to 0956, it was compiled into the dictionary editing room of Institute of Linguistics of China Academy of Sciences (now Institute of Linguistics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences).

Xinhua Dictionary is published by the Commercial Press. After several generations of hundreds of experts and scholars 10, it was revised on a large scale and reprinted more than 200 times. It has become the dictionary with the highest circulation in the world publishing history so far.

Xinhua Dictionary is the first small dictionary in China arranged according to the phonetic order of Chinese Pinyin. Xinhua Dictionary Society 1953 is the editor, and linguist Wei (190 1 ~ 1980) is the editor. The first edition was published by People's Education Publishing House on 1953, arranged alphabetically by phonetic symbols.

With the subsequent revision, it was changed to the alphabetical order of Chinese Pinyin, which was later reorganized and published by the Commercial Press. Xinhua Dictionary is the first dictionary with explanations and examples of vernacular Chinese published after the founding of New China. It is also the most influential and authoritative small Chinese dictionary so far, and it can be called a model of small Chinese dictionaries.

Extended data:

I. Revision of history

Xinhua Dictionary has a history of 50 years. Its ten versions not only reflect the changes of different languages, but also reflect the social characteristics of different historical periods. Open the first edition, the book's binding design is still the style of thread-bound book, and the fonts inside are all traditional Chinese characters and a lot of uncommon words.

The most special thing is that Phonetic Alphabet was founded in the Republic of China, because in the early 1950s, modern Chinese Pinyin was not published in China. Almost every page of this dictionary contained pictures, and animals, plants, buildings, various agricultural and industrial machinery at that time were vividly painted.

The revised edition during the Cultural Revolution inevitably left special traces under special circumstances. For example, the example of "Hu" was asked to add "Long live Chairman Mao". The revised edition 197 1 * * changed 1 100, quoted 46 quotations from Chairman Mao, opened the dictionary, and the three red characters "quotations from Chairman Mao" were printed in a very eye-catching place on the title page.

In the late Cultural Revolution, Xinhua Dictionary became the only dictionary in China with a population of 1 100 million. Even in the revision of 1979, although it was in the era of bringing order out of chaos, due to historical conditions and concepts, some new political rhetoric was unconsciously added. Some notes and examples of income are not suitable for the situation at that time, such as People's Commune and General Line.

By 2009, Xinhua Dictionary had been published in version 10, and the Commercial Press alone printed 204 copies. 1998, the Commercial Press had the consciousness of exclusive publishing right and recovered the national printing right. Xinhua Dictionary prints 500,000 copies each time, with 6,543.8+0,000 copies.

However, during the 1966 Cultural Revolution, the version of Xinhua Dictionary was destroyed. Premier Zhou instructed that there must be a dictionary. So 197 1 year, the Commercial Press transferred a group of experienced old experts from Xianning Cadre School back to Beijing to revise Xinhua Dictionary.

During the 20 years from 197 1 to 1992, the Commercial Press was fully responsible for the arrangement, revision and maintenance of Xinhua Dictionary.

Second, the historical role.

The first edition of Xinhua Dictionary was compiled in 1953. At that time, the founders of the New World regarded the compilation of this "small dictionary" as an important part of the new cultural cause. It should shoulder the responsibility of standardizing modern Chinese and eliminating illiteracy.

"Today, we should also advocate the' Xinhua style' of scholars compiling small dictionaries, and advocate the academic atmosphere of celebrities facing the public and striving for popularization." Summarizing the 50-year history of Xinhua Dictionary, Xu Jialu, vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), said this.

"As soon as Xinhua Dictionary came out, it served the people to learn culture and popularize basic education. This active pursuit of being close to the people has made this small dictionary valuable to the people and full of vitality. "

Wang Zhan, Vice Minister of Education, analyzed the miracle created by small dictionaries. Xinhua Dictionary is "the largest dictionary in the world" and the most frequently revised dictionary in the dictionary history of China. In the past 50 years, with the progress of society and the changes of the times, this dictionary has been revised 10 times.

Although the dictionary is small and dry, it is difficult to know how many it has. Every revision should be "speaking like a book" in content, "keeping pace with the times" and "innovating" in form.

Xinhua Dictionary is the first dictionary that uses vernacular explanations and examples. It consolidated the achievements of the Putonghua campaign aimed at promoting the spoken Chinese of Han nationality and the vernacular campaign aimed at promoting the replacement of classical Chinese with vernacular Chinese, and established, popularized and carried it forward in the form of dictionaries.

Xinhua Dictionary is the first dictionary in China that aims at vocabulary standardization and application. "The main purpose of writing is to let readers have a correct understanding of the vocabulary of the motherland through this dictionary, understand the modern standard usage of vocabulary, and be able to use it correctly in writing and speaking."

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Xinhua dictionary