Sima Qian (BC 145 ~ 90) was born in xia yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi Province) in the middle of the Western Han Dynasty. He not only has several hours of rural life experience, but also has a strong career of traveling around the world when he grows up. He studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu, who were university students, and also read all the materials of the National Library and Archives in his post at Taishitai, including a meditation ceremony of the emperor and the retreat.